Duzenli, UfukAltun, ZekiyeOlgun, YukselAktas, SafiyePamukoglu, AycaCetinayak, Hasan OguzOlgun, Levent2025-05-102025-05-1020180955-30021362-309510.1080/09553002.2019.1547847https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2019.1547847https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14720/16023Altun, Zekiye/0000-0002-1558-4534; Bayrak, Asuman Feda/0000-0001-8403-3018; Aktas, Safiye/0000-0002-7658-5565; Cetinayak, Hasan Oguz/0000-0002-8823-8341Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) on ionizing radiation (IR)-induced cytotoxicity and change in DNA damage-related genes in House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) cells. Methods: HEI-OC1 cells were irradiated with 5 Gy radiation and treated by eight combinations of NAC and/or ALC: control, NAC, ALC, IR, NAC + IR, ALC + NAC, ALC + IR, and ALC + NAC + IR. Cell viability, apoptotic cell death, and DNA damage were measured at the 72nd hour. Eighty-four IR-induced DNA-damage-related genes were determined by RT-PCR gene array and >10-fold changes were considered significant. Results: IR decreased cell viability by about 50% at 72 hours of incubation. In particular, the ALC and/or NAC combination before IR protected the HEI-OC1 cells (p < .05). Single and combination treatment prior to IR led to lower apoptotic cell death (p < .05). There was a significant lower DNA damage in ALC + NAC + IR group compared to IR group (p < .05). Expressions of Brca2, Xpc, Mlh3, Rad51, Xrcc2, Hus1, Rad9a, Cdkn1a, Gadd45a which are the DNA-repair genes were found to be significantly higher in NAC + ALC + IR group than those in individual treatment of ALC or NAC. Conclusions: ALC and/or NAC treatment prior to IR led to higher cell viability and lower apoptotic cell damage compared to the IR group. The results of the study show that the ALC + NAC combination treatment inhibits DNA damage and induces DNA-repair genes to repair radiation damage, and this combination treatment is more effective against radiation-induced DNA damage than NAC or ALC therapy individually.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessRadiationOtotoxicityDna DamageN-Acetyl CysteineAcetyl-L-CarnitineArticle953Q1Q229830630496017WOS:000463581500005