Browsing by Author "Agargun, M.Y."

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Association of Parasomnias and Dyssomnias (Multiple Letters)
(American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2004) Ng, D.K.; Leung, L.C.; Chan, C.-H.; Agargun, M.Y.; Selvi, Y.
Drug Effects on Dreaming
(Springer US, 2006) Agargun, M.Y.; Ozbek, H.
Among the proposed functions of dreaming in human being, the most research supports are mood-regulation, problem-solving, learning, and memory construction. Recent imaging techniques have provided meaningful information on functional neuroanatomy and neurophysiology of REM sleep and dreaming. In addition to serotonin, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine in terms of a reciprocal interaction between the cholinergic REM-ON and aminergic REM-OFF neurons suggested by McCarley and Hobson, dopamine has recently began to think to play a significant role in modulation of dream functions, particularly nightmares. The disinhibition of REM physiology is due primarily to dopaminergic dysfunction, specifically the removal of dopaminergic inhibition on amygdalar sites in dopamine-related syndromes including parkinson disease, REM sleep behavior disorder, and narcolepsy. The disinhibited amygdala yields the affective and personality changes, and the unpleasant dreams associated with PD, RBD, and narcolepsy as well as depression. There is limited data in the literature on drugs and dreaming or dream content even if it is well-known that many antidepressant drugs may cause nightmares or frightening dreams. In this chapter, we review and discuss the effects of medications on dreaming. © 2006 Springer-Verlag US.
Neuroendocrine and Behavioral Correlates of Sleep Deprivation: a Synthesis of Neurobiological and Psychological Mechanisms
(Springer US, 2006) Agargun, M.Y.; Besiroglu, L.
There is a burgeoning literature related to an alteration in mood and behavioral variables after total or partial sleep deprivation. For example, acute sleep manipulations usually are followed by a temporary improvement in mood in major depression; however, there is a regression to the previous status of depression after any subsequent sleep.1 It is may also be asserted that morning mood improves when REM sleep is intact but worsens after a night of sleep deprivation in normal volunteers2 Given that sleep deprivation results in different treatment responses in normal healthy or depressed subjects, emotional or behavioral concomitants of sleep deprivation correlate with its neuroendocrine bases. In this chapter, firstly, we briefly review neuroendocrine aspects of sleep deprivation in healthy and depressed subjects. Secondly, we look at emotional and behavioral results in response to sleep deprivation in clinical samples. Another aim of this chapter is to try to figure out how these correlates concomitantly interact with each other. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic consequences of sleep deprivation in a within-sleep mood regulation process © 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. All rights reserved.
Nightmares Associated With the Onset of Mania: Three Case Reports
(2003) Agargun, M.Y.; Kara, H.; Inci, R.
We reported three cases who had dream-induced manic episodes and discussed mood-regulatory function of dreaming. A dysregulation in neural circuits and monoaminergic systems in brain may precede mood shift during REM sleep dreaming and result in manic episode.
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Interruption as a Therapy for Major Depression
(Cambridge University Press, 2010) Agargun, M.Y.
Changes in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and dreaming are some of the most popular issues in major depression. On the other hand, sleep deprivation studies showed that REM sleep deprivation is effective, at least partially, in treatment of mood disorders. Recent data suggest that sleep manipulations regarding REM sleep cause psychological/behavioral and neuroendocrine changes in depressed patients. In this chapter, first, I briefly present REM sleep abnormalities and dream variables in depression. Second, I review the consequences of REM sleep and dream manipulations in normal healthy subjects, in particular, in terms of diurnal rhythms. Finally, I discuss REM sleep and dream interruption as a therapy modality in depressive disorders. Rapid eye movement sleep abnormalities and dream variables in depression The main characteristics of REM sleep in depression are short sleep latency (<65 minutes), an increase in the number of eye movements per minute of sleep in the first REM sleep period (increased REM density), and a prolongation of the first REM episode [1]. These suggest a phase advance of the REM cycle in depression [2]. Clearly, these REM sleep signs are reported to correlate with the severity of the mood disorder [3]. On the other hand, Giles et al. [4] have reported concordance for shorter REM latency among family members who share the diagnosis of depression. This indicates a genetic propensity for depression indicated by the presence of this sleep sign. © Cambridge University Press 2010.
Relation of Dreams To Waking Concerns
(2006) Cartwright, R.; Agargun, M.Y.; Kirkby, J.; Friedman, J.K.
To test that dreams are influenced by the pre-sleep waking emotional concerns of the sleeper and have an effect on waking adaptation, 20 depressed and 10 control subjects, who were all going through a divorce, were enrolled in a repeated measures study lasting 5 months. A Current Concerns test was administered on three occasions before nights when every REM period was interrupted to record recalled mental content. The degree of waking concern about the ex-spouse correlated significantly with the number of dreams in which the former partner appeared as a dream character. Those who were in remission at the follow-up evaluation had a higher percentage of well-developed dreams than those who remained depressed. Dreams of the former spouse reported by those in remission differed from those who remained depressed in the expression of dream affect and in the within-dream linkage among units of associated memory material. Dreams of the former spouse that are reported by those who are not in remission lack affect and connection to other memories. © 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Sleep Quality in Patients With Hemorrhoids
(2003) Kisli, E.; Agargun, M.Y.; Inci, R.; Ozturk, T.; Baser, M.
Night symptoms such as itchy and constipation may disturb sleep and worsen sleep quality in patients with hemorrhoids. The aim of this study was examine sleep quality in these patients. Thirty patients with external hemorrhoids (15 males and 15 females) participated in the study. A control group comprised 30 healthy subjects (15 males and 15 females). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which is an instrument with previously established reliability and validity, was administered to assess sleep quality during previous month. Habitual sleep efficiency scores and global PSQI scores of the patients with hemorrhoids were significantly higher than the controls' scores. In patients with hemorrhoids, subjective sleep quality is poor. Constipation and pruritus may disturb sleep and worsen sleep quality. Improved sleep may be an important treatment focus in the clinical management of these patients.
Sleep-Related Violence, Dissociative Experiences, and Childhood Traumatic Events
(2002) Agargun, M.Y.; Kara, H.; Özer, Ö.A.; Kiran, Ü.; Selvi, Y.; Kiran, S.
The aim of the present study was to test whether a relationship between dissociative experiences and violent behavior during sleep (VBS). The group was composed of 253 male and 129 female undergraduate students. The subjects were interviewed for parasomnias and sleep-related violence by using International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD)-revised criteria. Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) was also administered to the subjects. The subjects with sleep-related violence had higher mean DES score than those never reported VBS. The subjects with sleep-related violence had higher rates of history of physical abuse than the others. Suicidal attempts and self-mutilating behaviors were also more common among these subjects than the others. There is an association between sleep-related violence, childhood abuse, and dissociative experiences. Dissociative experiences may relate not only to daytime symptoms but also symptoms during sleep.
Sleeping Position, Dream Emotions, and Subjective Sleep Quality
(2004) Agargun, M.Y.; Boysan, M.; Hanoglu, L.
This study was aimed to examine the relationship between sleeping positions, dream characteristics, and subjective sleep quality in normal subjects. Sixty-three healthy subjects (45 males and 18 females) were included in the present study. Of these participants, 41 were grouped in right-side sleeping position and 22 subjects were in left-side sleeping position. The subjects were interviewed in terms of dream recall frequency, vividness, bizarreness, nightmare frequency, and dream emotions suggested by Hartmann et al. PSQI was also administered to the subjects. The rate of nightmare sufferers was significantly higher in left-side sleepers (40.9%) than in right-side sleepers (14.6%). Relief-safety was more common among right-side sleepers than the others. Global PSQI score were significantly lower in right-side sleepers than left-side sleepers. These findings suggest that dreaming and sleep quality may be affected by body posture.
The Stanford Hypnotic Clinical Scale for Adults (Shcs): Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version
(2007) Agargun, M.Y.; Gulec, M.; Ozturk, R.; Cimen, D.
The purpose of this study was to provide validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Stanford Hypnotic Clinical Scale for adults (SHCS). The Turkish version of the scale was administered to the 65 healthy participants (31 men, 34 women) meeting inclusion criteria twice in different times by two different clinicians. Cronbach's alpha was 0.66 for internal consistency. Points of the items (0.35-0.64) were found significantly and positively correlated with the total point. There was not a significant change in two different application times. The correlation coefficient was found 0.97 among the total points. Kappa value was found 0.93. The correlation between item and total points of the SCHS and up-gaze subscale of the hypnotic induction profile (HIP) was examined by using Pearson correlation analysis. The correlation coefficients were between 0.30 and 0.62. We found the scale valid and reliable at the end of our investigation. The scale is adequate to distinguish "highly hypnotisable" and "low hypnotisable" individuals. We think that it can be used in the hypnosis studies. We hope that it will illuminate studies particularly investigating trauma-dissociation relationship. We predict that the scale will has determinative importance for the hypnotherapy option in trauma patients.
Turkish Version of Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (Meq)
(2007) Agargun, M.Y.; Cilli, A.S.; Boysan, M.; Selvi, Y.; Gulec, M.; Kara, H.
The purpose of this study was to provide validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Morningness-Eeveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). The Turkish version of the scale was administered to the 171 healthy participants (87 men and 84 women) twice in different times. The internal consistency of the each question and total scores of the scale was examined by carrying out Cronbach's alpha statistic and Pearson correlation analysis. The test-retest reliability of the total MEQ scores was researched by applying dependent sample t-test and Pearson correlation analysis in two different application times. The reliability was satisfactory (Cronbach's alpha=0.81). Points of the questions were found significantly and positively correlated with the total point. There is not a significant change in two different application times. Internal consistency of the Turkish version was found high in the present study. The scale is adequate to distinguish "morning" and "evening" types in Turkish population.