Browsing by Author "Aksakal, Abdulbaki"

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Detection of Bovine Tuberculosis by Tuberculin Test and Polymerase Chain Reaction in Van, Turkey
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2009) Solmaz, Hasan; Ilhan, Ziya; Aksakal, Abdulbaki; Gulhan, Timur; Ekin, Ismail Hakki
aim of this study was to identify the presence and prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in the eastern Anatolian border province of Van and its villages and to collect the preliminary data required for programs for the prevention and control of this zoonotic disease. The tuberculin test was performed on 210 cattle. Nasal swab and milk samples were obtained from the animals tested. Three cattle that had a positive tuberculin test also tested positive for the DNA target, a 580-bp fragment of IS6110 specific for members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. This fragment was also recovered from milk taken from the third animal tested positive for tuberculin. All the other cattle were negative for bovine tuberculosis on both tuberculin test and PCR assay. The results of the tuberculin test and the PCR were in close correlation with each other. Van is a border province in eastern Anatolia. In the city center and its villages, the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis was estimated as 1.42%.
Detection of Heat-Stabile and Heat-Labile Enterotoxins of Escherichia Coli Strains Isolated From Healthy Animals
(Medwell online, 2009) Guelhan, Timur; Ilhan, Ziya; Aksakal, Abdulbaki; Solmaz, Hasan
In this study, Escherichia coli strains isolated from feces of 12 various healthy animals (sheep, cow, dog, quail, cattle, ostrich, lamb, gull and chicken, Turkey, cat and pigeon) were examined for heat Stabile enterotoxin (ST) and heat Labile enterotoxin (LT). For this purpose, two commercial kits that E. coli ST EIA was used to determine of ST and VET-RPLA was used to determine of LT. A total of 695 E. coli strains were isolated and identified from 2300 fecal samples. Out of these isolates tested for the presence of ST and LT enterotoxin, 17 isolates (2.4%) were found positive for ST and 13 isolates (1.9%) for LT. E. coli strains isolated from turkey, pigeon, gull and ostrich were found to be negative for ST and LT. As a result, with this study, the enterotoxigenic properties of E. coli strains isolated from animal species such as quail, gull, pigeon and ostrich were examined for the first time in Turkey.
Invastigation of 16s Rrna, Meca and Nuc Genes in Coagulase-Positive and Negative Staphylococci by Real-Time Pcr
(2022) Okalin, Şeyda Şilan; Aksakal, Abdulbaki; Önalan, Şükrü
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive, round-shaped bacterium that is a member of the Firmicutes. It is often positive for catalase and nitrate reduction. Pathogenic strains often promote infections by producing virulence factors such as potent protein toxins, and the expression of a cell-surface protein that binds and inactivates antibodies. Sepsis-related to methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has significant morbidity and high mortality rates (15-30%). The methicillin resistance for S. aureus is coded with the mecA gene, while the methicillin sensitivity is coded with the nuc gene, and they are chromosomal. Similarly, it is coded with the coagulase gene for S. aureus (Coa). In this study, the 16S rRNA gene identification by Real-Time PCR was investigated in forty S. aureus isolates, which were cultured at different times in terms of MIC and SIR tests. The isolates used in the study were determined at the gene level in terms of their differences in methicillin resistance gene (MecA), methicillin susceptibility gene (Nuc), coagulase gene (Coa) and in terms of intra-species differences were examined. As a result of the study, Staphylococcus spp. yielded positive results with 16S rRNA gene-specific primers in all isolates. Real-Time PCR analysis of the isolates with SYBRGreen-based PCR analysis was performed with 16S rRNA gene-specific primers, and the samples were confirmed to be Staphylococcus. Analysis at the family level was followed by Coa, Nuc, and MecA gene Real-Time PCR results, and it was found that, in terms of Coa and Nuc genes, 19 isolates were positive and 21 isolates were negative. In terms of MecA gene, 16 isolates were positive according to the positive sigmoidal curves and to the single peak melting values, whereas 24 isolates were found to be negative. It was thought that this study will benefit the community by contributing to the rapid and effective diagnosis and treatment of infections caused by coagulase positive and negative Staphylococci.
Occurrence and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Salmonella Serotypes in Apparently Healthy Slaughtered Sheep in Van, Turkey
(Medwell online, 2009) Aksakal, Abdulbaki; Boynukara, Banur; Solmaz, Hasan; Ilhan, Ziya; Kutlu, Ismail; Gulhan, Timur
This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of Salmonella sp. and to determine their susceptibility to antibiotics in apparently healthy slaughtered sheep. In this research, a total of 600 (300 rectal and 300 vaginal) swabs taken from sheep were used as materials. A total of 9 (1.5%) Salmonella sp. were isolated from samples. Of the 9 Salmonella sp., 6 (2%) were isolated from rectal swabs and 3 (1%) Salmonella serotypes from vaginal swabs. Salmonella strains were serotyped as Salmonella saintpaul. All Salmonella strains were found to be susceptible to ampicillin, enrofloxacin, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, gentamicin, neomycin, chloramphenicol, spectinomycin, cephalothin, amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, trimethoprim+ sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid and penicillin G (except 2 isolates) whereas, they were resistant to erythromycin and novobiocin. This is the first time, S. saintpaul was isolated in rectal and vaginal swab samples of the sheep slaughtered in abattoirs in Turkey.
The Occurance and Prevalence Salmonella Species in Faeces of Certain Fowls and Their Susceptibility To Antibiotics
(2003) Aksakal, Abdulbaki; Boynukara, Banur
Bu çalışmada, Van yöresindeki tavuk, hindi, bıldırcın ve devekuşlarının dışkılarında Salmonella türlerinin varlığı ve yaygınlığı ile antibiyotiklere duyarlılıkları araştırıldı. Çalışmada, tavuk (400), hindi (400), bıldırcın (200) ve devekuşlarının (200) kloakalarından steril sıvaplarla alman toplam 1200 adet dışkı örneği kullanıldı. Dışkı örneklerinden Salmonella izolasyonu amacıyla Tamponlanmış Peptonlu su, Bacto Selenit Broth, Rappaport Vassiliadis Soya Broth, Salmonella Shigella Agar ve Brillant Green Phenol-red Lactose Sucrose Agar kullanıldı. Dışkı örneklerinden toplam %4.08 (49/1200) oranında Salmonella spp. izole ve identifiye edildi. Tavuk dışkılarından %7 (28/400), hindilerden %5 (20/400) ve bıldırcınlardan %0.05 (1/200) oranında Salmonella spp. izole ve identifiye edildi. Devekuşu dışkılarından ise Salmonella izole edilemedi. Dışkı örneklerinden izole edilen Salmonella türlerinin 5 farklı serogrupta (B, Cı, C3, Di, E2) ve 9 farklı serotipte olduğu belirlendi. Tavuk dışkı örneklerinden 28 (7%) Salmonella susu izole edildi. İzole edilen suşlann 10 (%35.71)'u S. gallinarum-, 10 (%35.71)'u Salmonella enteritidis, 6 (%21.43)'sı Salmonella corvallis, 1 (%3.57)'i Salmonella typhimurium ve 1 (%3.57)'i de Salmonella agona olarak serotiplendirildi. Hindi dışkı örneklerinden 20 (%5) Salmonella susu izole edildi. İzole edilen suşlann 9 (%45)'u 51 enteritidis, 4 (%20)'ü Salmonella augustenbcrg, 3 (%15)'ü Sulmonella anatum var. 015+, 2 (%10)'si S, gallinarum, 1 (%5)'i Salmonella virchow, ve 1 (%5)'i de Salmonella Cambridge olarak serotiplendirildi. Bıldırcın dışkı örneklerinden sadece bir adet S. gallinarum izole ve identifiye edildi. Tavuk, hindi ve bıldırcınlardan izole edilen 49 adet Salmonella susunun norfloksasin, danofioksasin ve streptomisine %100, fiorfenikole %97.96, oksitetrasikline %95.92, nitrofurantoin ve enrofloksasine %92.83, ampisilin ve amoksisiline %89.80, nalidiksik aside %83.67, gentamisin ve tetrasikline %67,34, trimetoprim+sulfametaksasole %51.02, penisilin G'ye %30.61 oranında duyarlı; neomisin ve eritromisine ise %100 dirençli oldukları tespit edildi. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda, tavuk dışkı örneklerinden S. corvallis; hindi dışkı örneklerinden S. enteritidis, S. augustenborg, S. anatum var. 015+, S. virchow, S. Cambridge ve bıldırcın dışkı örneklerinden S. gallinarum Türkiye'de ilk defa izole edildi.Anahtar sözcükler: Antibiyotik Duyarlılık, Dışkı, Kanatlı, Salmonella.
Virulence Factors of Enterococcus Faecium and Enterococcus Faecalis Strains Isolated From Humans and Pets
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2006) Gulhan, Timur; Aksakal, Abdulbaki; Ekin, Ismail Hakki; Savasan, Serap; Boynukara, Banur
The virulence factors of 146 Enterococcus faecium and 32 Enterococcus faecalis strains isolated from faecal samples of humans, dogs, and cats were investigated. In total, 178 strains were examined by gelatinase (GeIE), aggregation substance (AS), cytolysin, and slide haemagglutination tests. The results of detected virulence factors of E. faecium and E. faecalis strains were: GeIE: 17.1% vs. 37.5%; AS: 13% vs. 12.5%; cytolysin: 7.5% vs. 12.5%; haemagglutination activities with rabbit erythrocytes: 9.6% vs. 9.4%; haemagglutination activities with human erythrocytes: 17.1 % vs. 21.9%, respectively.