Browsing by Author "Aksu, T."

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The Effect of Mediterranean Thyme (Thymbra Spicata L. Var. Spicata) Essential Oil on Fattening Performance and Ruminal Parameters in Lamb
(Kielanowski inst Animal Physiology Nutrition, 2017) Baytok, E.; Kara, K.; Aksu, T.; Guclu, B. K.; Ozkaya, S.; Denek, N.; Akcay, A.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Thymbra spicata L. var. spicata (TS) essential oil (10 or 15 mu l . kg(-1) live weight (LW)) on growth performance (LW, LW gain, feed intake) and rumen parameters (volatile fatty acids (VFA)) and ammonia levels, and pH) in lambs. The experiment lasted 56 days, including 14 days of adaptation and 42 of experimental period. The TS essential oil was extracted from the leaves harvested at the beginning of plant flowering and contained: 66.86% carvacrol, 12.18% p-cymene, 10.73%.-terpinene and 2.77% thymol. The addition of TS essential oil to concentrate feed did not affect final LW, LW gain, feed intake or feed conversion ratio (P > 0.05). Molar concentrations (mmol . l(-1)) of total VFA and acetic (A), butyric (B) and propionic (P) acids, and levels of pH and ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) in rumen fluid were also not affected by TS essential oil inclusion (P > 0.05). However, the proportion of A and (A+B): P ratio in rumen fluid VFA increased linearly (P < 0.01) with increasing TS essential oil doses, whereas the P proportion decreased linearly (P = 0.008). So, it could be suggested that TS essential oil enhanced the concentration of selected VFA in rumen fluid through a positive effect on feed digestion in the rumen. In particular, the linear increase in A and (A+ B): P ratio could have enhanced fibrolytic effect in the rumen ecosystem. It was concluded that different doses and longer terms of use of TS essential oil should be further investigated in in vivo studies.
Effect of Pomegranate (Punica Granatum L.) Juice on Kidney, Liver, Heart and Testis Histopathological Changes, and the Tissues Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Status in Lead Acetate-Treated Rats
(C M B Assoc, 2017) Aksu, D. S.; Saglam, Y. S.; Yildirim, S.; Aksu, T.
Pomegranate juice (PJ) contains relevant amounts of active biological compounds which alleviate the detrimental effects of chronic heavy metal exposure. This study investigated the protective potential of PJ against lead-induced oxidative stress. A total of forty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four experimental groups. The animals were fed a standard pellet diet and tap water ad libitum. The rats were divided into four groups (n=10 for each group): control, lead asetat (2000 ppm), low-treated PJ- a daily dose of 2.000 ppm lead plus 30 mu l pomegranate juice (included 1.050 mu mol total polyphenols, gallic acid equivalent), and high-treated PJ- a daily dose of 2.000 ppm lead plus 60 mu l pomegranate juice (included 2.100 mu mol total polyphenols, gallic acid equivalent). The treatments were delivered for 5 weeks. After the treatment period, the tissues samples (kidney, liver, heart and testis) were collected. Tissue lead (Pb) and mineral amounts (copper, zinc, and iron), tissues lipid peroxidation level and antioxidant status, and tissues histopathological changes were determined. The results showed that the highest rate lead loading was in the kidney and the testis. Pomegranate juice was decreased the lead levels of soft tissues examined; increased Zn amounts in tissues of which the lead accumulation was higher (kidney and the testis); decreased the copper, zinc and the iron levels of the liver and heart tissues, without creating a weakness in antioxidant capacity of these tissues, restricted the oxidative stress by decreasing lipid peroxidation, improved both of the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalaz (CAT), and the level of glutathione (GSH) in all the tissues examined in lead-treated groups. As histopathological findings, the cellular damage induced by lead in the tissues of the kidney, liver and the heart were observed to have been partially prevented by PJ treatment. The protective effect of PJ was more pronounced in the testis compared to those others.
The Effect of Thyme (Thymbra Spicata L Var. Spicata) Essential Oil on the Antioxidant Potential and Meat Quality of Japanese Quail Fed in Various Stocking Densities
(Ataturk Universitesi, 2019) Önel, S.E.; Aksu, T.
This study was conducted to determine the antioxidant effect of the Thyme (Thymbra spicata L. var. spicata) essential oil on meat quality of Japanese Quail fed in various stocking densities. In this study, a total of up to 7-day age 300 Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) chickens were used and theexperimental period lasted for 28 days. The chickens were divided into 6 groups, each containing 50 chicks Control group (CONT), High stocking density control group (HSD-CONT), an antibiotic group (HSD-ANT), zahter oil groups (HSD-T1, T2, T3). At the end of the study, serum MDA level was found significantly higher in the HSD-ANT group than the other groups (P<0.01). It was determined that the stocking density has a significant effect on the pH and colour of brisket (P<0.01). Moreover, inclusions of thyme essential oil supplementation into the diets of quails fed in high stocking density provided various levels of improvements on antioxidant potantial, and especially thyme EO at 600 mg per kg were found more effective to ameliorete the detrimental effects of oxidative stress caused by high stocking density. © 2019 Ataturk Universitesi. All rights reserved.
Relative Feed Value (Rfv) and Relative Forage Quality (Rfq) Used in the Classification of Forage Quality
(Ataturk Universitesi, 2016) Güney, M.; Bingöl, N.T.; Aksu, T.
The significant difficulties exit in both of providing and quality of forages which are an important part of ruminant rations. In addition to experienced these problems, there is no standard for the estimation of forage quality. In this case, affects the livestock economy negatively by increasing the cost of concentrate feed. For these reasons, it has been developed for Relative Feed Value (RFV) and Relative Forage Quality (RFQ) terms for the estimation of forage quality in recent years. RFV (Relative Feed Value) is an index, which is calculated by utilizing the ADF (Acid detergent fiber) and NDF (Neutral detergent fiber) which are plant cell wall components and consisting of single figure with the adoption of alfalfa as 100 at full bloom period. Relative forage quality index (RFQ), similar to the relative feed value, is instead based on the digestibility of fiber at calculation and is used to estimate the forage quality by using total digestible nurtients instead of digestible dry matter. The introduction and dissemination of RFV and RFQ based on animal performance in order to determine forage quality is an important for animal nutrition.
Should Pre-Weaning Calf Diets Include Forage
(Hellenic veterinary Medical Soc, 2023) Muruz, M.; Aksu, T.
The present review article aimed to update and address the biological consequences of forage supply to pre-weaned dairy calves. Early growth and development of a calf play a great role in lifelong performance of the animal. Comprehension of these stages is an important progress achieved in calf nutrition today. Health, milk-solid feed intake and rumen development are the most important factors related to calf growth in pre-and post-weaning periods. It is well understood that fermentation by-products of grain-based starter feeds are essential for increased growth and absorptive capacity of the rumen papillae. In pre-weaned calves, two major hypotheses exist regarding forage feeding. The first hypothesis suggests that the rumen is not fully developed in pre-weaned calves, and forage supply during this period might increase gut fill, thus decreasing starter intake. It is believed that depressed starter intake may limit energy intake and finally suppress calf growth rate. The second hypothesis indicates that rumen pH may decline as the calf ages and starter intake increases. Accordingly, forage supplementation into calf starter diets could prevent further rumen pH decline and subsequent negative consequences while improving starter intake and calf growth. Because research data regarding these hypotheses are controversial, there is no universally accepted standard for feeding calves with forage as a part of starter diets. Many factors, such as milk feeding method, grain, forage type and experimental conditions, could affect calf response to dietary forage. However, there is evidence that limited consumption of forage may be beneficial on rumen health and behavior of calves consuming highly processed (pelleted or finely ground) starter feed in the pre-weaning period.