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Browsing by Author "Ali, Amjad"

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    Advancements in Qtl Mapping and Gwas Application in Plant Improvement
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2024) Altaf, Muhammad Tanveer; Tatar, Muhammed; Ali, Amjad; Liaqat, Waqas; Mortazvi, Parnaz; Kayihan, Ceyhun; Baloch, Faheem Shehzad
    In modern plant breeding, molecular markers have become indispensable tools, allowing the precise identification of genetic loci linked to key agronomic traits. These markers provide critical insight into the genetic architecture of crops, accelerating the selection of desirable traits for sustainable agriculture. This review focuses on the advancements in quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping and genome-wide association studies (GWASs), highlighting their effective roles in identifying complex traits such as stress tolerance, yield, disease resistance, and nutrient efficiency. QTL mapping identifies the significant genetic regions linked to desired traits, while GWASs enhance precision using larger populations. The integration of high-throughput phenotyping has further improved the efficiency and accuracyof QTL research and GWASs, enabling precise trait analysis across diverse conditions. Additionally, next-generation sequencing, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology, and transcriptomics have transformed these methods, offering profound insights into gene function and regulation. Single-cell RNA sequencing further enhances our understanding of plant responses at the cellular level, especially under environmental stress. Despite this progress, however, challenges persist in optimizing methods, refining training populations, and integrating these tools into breeding programs. Future studies must aim to enhance genetic prediction models, incorporate advanced molecular technologies, and refine functional markers to tackle the challenges of sustainable agriculture.
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    Exploring Genetic Diversity of Turkish Fig (Ficus Carica L.) Germplasm Using Inter-Primer Binding Site (Ipbs) Retrotransposon Markers
    (Springer, 2024) Ucer, Viyan Acar; Aglar, Erdal; Mortazavi, Parnaz; Qureshi, Sarmad Ali; Ali, Amjad; Tatar, Muhammed; Baloch, Faheem Shehzad
    The common fig belonging to the Moraceae family, is valued for its latex-producing plant parts and commercially important fruit, rich in phenolic antioxidants, nutrients, and fiber, and consumed fresh or dried. The present study aimed to assess the genetic diversity of 73 fig (Ficus carica L.) genotypes collected from the Derecik and & Ccedil;UKURCA districts of the Hakkari Province of Turkey with the inter-Primer Binding Site (iPBS)-retrotransposons marker system. Molecular characterization with 12 most polymorphic primers revealed a total of 255 scorable bands, and 2375 primer produced a maximum of 36 alleles. The polymorphism information content (PIC) was recorded in a range of 0.406-0.455. The genetic diversity indices showed a mean gene diversity of 0.33 and a Shannon's information index of 0.50. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed higher genetic differences within the population (96%) compared to among the population (4%). The population structure and Neighbor-joining analysis-based clustering divided the entire genotype into two groups mainly their collection point. Turkish fig germplasm exhibits significant genetic diversity, which is crucial for breeding programs aimed at enhancing the resilience and productivity of new cultivars.