Browsing by Author "Allahverdiyev, O."

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Advances in Current Medication and New Therapeutic Approaches in Epilepsy
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2018) Allahverdiyev, O.; Dzhafar, S.; Berköz, M.; Yıldırım, M.
Epilepsy is one of the most complicated neurological disorders associated with a brain disorder in which, after an in itial physiological insult, the networks of neurons regroup and communicate abnormally that can be defined as the neuronal hyper -synchronizayion. The affected part of brain defines the patient’s abnormality behavior. Unlike the younger patients, who can become seizure free after the age of 16-18, older patients are hardly able to overcome the seizures, especially once the type of seizure developed to generalize tonic-clonic phase. Globally, epilepsy is considered as a disease which is originated from the disorder of electrical function of the brain and estimated to effect approximately 50 million people worldwide. Pharmacoresistance, drug interactions, drug tolerability and various adverse effects are among the common problems associated with the treatments of epilepsy with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Although, approximately 70% of the patients exhibit seizures that can be controlled with most AEDs, the remaining 30% of the patients fail to respond to treatment with AEDs. Thus, looking for alternatives such as traditional treatment methods like utilizing medicinal plants, ketogenic diet, and the Atkins diet as well as self-physical therapy like relaxation and yoga, are all positive options that can be considered as replacement and supportive therapy methods for the medications which are used in seizure control of epilepsy. Medicinal plants are more commonly used by folk for making infusions administered as herbal teas for the pain relief and maintaining good health. Investigating the active components of a plant extract, isolating and identifying their structure and pharmacological effects, and finally utilizing them as a new agent from nature with fewer side effects and high economic valu e is a widely interested topic in the field of ethnoparmacology. In addition to AEDs, which are currently used, the suggested alternative therapies are also able minimize the seizures of epilepsy but the surgical intervention still remains as the last option in the treatment of epilepsy. © 2018, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
Effect of Capsaicin on Transcription Factors in 3t3-L1 Cell Line
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2015) Berkoz, M.; Yildirim, M.; Arvas, G.; Turkmen, O.; Allahverdiyev, O.
Capsaicin is a spicy ingredient of Capsicum annuum and a lipophilic, crystalline, odorless and colorless alkaloid. Although the effect of capsaicin on adipocyte differentiation is well-known, the role of capsaicin on transcription factors while adipocyte differentiation is not clear. The aim of this study is thus to identify and characterize the transcription factors in the process of adipocyte differentiation after the capsaicin treatment. In this study, concentration of 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 µM capsaicin were treated to 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes in cell culture. MTT cell cytotoxicity, cell viability with trypan blue staining, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme assay, triglyceride content assay, Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity, Oil Red O staining and mRNA levels of transcription factors (PPARγ, C/EBPα and SREBP-lc) were investigated in capsaicin induced 3T3L1 preadipocyte cell line. Capsaicin treatment decreased cell population growth of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, assessed with trypan blue staining, MTT test and rising of LDH release proportion. Capsaicin inhibited GPDH activity and intracellular triglyceride content in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in all treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. Oil Red O staining indicated that capsaicin inhibited adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in all treatment groups. In this study, it was revealed that exposing 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and differentiating postconfluent preadipocytes to different doses of capsaicin decreased PPARγ, C/EBPα and SREBP-1c mRNA levels as compared with their controls without treatment in dose dependent manner. Although, reduction of PPARγ mRNA level was statistical significant, this decrease was not significant in C/EBPα and SREBP-1c mRNA levels. This study demonstrated that capsaicin treatment inhibited the adipogenesis through the down-regulation of transcription factors, especially PPARγ. Alternative mechanisms may involve cell cycle arrest and the induction of apoptosis. Since capsaicin is the main component found in hot pepper, the consumption of hot pepper may contribute to the maintenance of body weight and prevent the development of obesity. © 2015 Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
Punicalagin Isolated From Punica Granatum Husk Can Decrease the Inflammatory Response in Raw 264.7 Macrophages
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2017) Berköz, M.; Allahverdiyev, O.
Punicalagin, a natural occuring phytochemical extracted from pomegranate (Punica granatum) husk shows antioxidant and anti-tumoral activities. Previous studies have shown that Punica granatum can scavenge reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) and suppress the biosynthesis of prostaglandins (PGs). However, the anti-inflammatory property of punicalagin has not yet been elucidated. For this aim, we purposed to display the anti-inflammatory effects of punicalagin via measuring prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) production and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression in LPS induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with punicalagin at concentrations of 0-10 µM. NO levels in all groups were measured by the Griess method and PGE2 levels by ELISA kit. COX-2 and iNOS gene expression levels were measured using Real Time PCR. According to our experiments, punicalagin decreased the production of PGE2 and NO by RAW 264.7 macrophages in a dose-dependent manner without affecting the viability of cells. Punicalagin attenuated the mRNA expression of iNOS and COX-2 of murine macrophages in a concentration dependent manner. Thus, the inhibition of NO and PGE2 production is at least partly because of the suppression of the transcription of the iNOS and COX-2 gene, respectively. In conclusion, punicalagin is a potent natural compound in inhibiting the inflammatory mediators. Its action can be delivered in vivo through an appropriate feeding scheme. Because the lower toxicity of punicalagin, it might be a suitable compound that can be used for clinical applications. © 2017, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.