Browsing by Author "Arihan, Okan"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 32

Aqueous Extract of Chives (Allium Schoenoprasum L.) Plant Attenuates Erythrocyte Deformability in Sickle Cell Anemia Patients
(Wiley, 2017) Arihan, Okan; Nader, Elie; Oto, Gokhan; Fort, Romain; Cannas, Giovanna; Connes, Philippe
Aqueous Extract of Chives (Allium Schoenoprasum L.) Plant Impairs Erythrocyte Deformability in Sickle Cell Patients
(Ios Press, 2021) Arihan, Okan; Nader, Elie; Oto, Gokhan; Kocak, Yilmaz; Fort, Romain; Connes, Philippe
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a genetic disorder characterized by chronic hemolysis and the presence of erythrocytes with low deformability, which may trigger vaso-occlusive crises. We tested the in-vitro effects of aqueous extract of chives (Allium schoenoprasum L.) on erythrocyte deformability of SCA patients. Blood samples from 6 apparently healthy volunteers and 5 SCA patients were collected into heparin coated tubes. Both apparently healthy and SCA patient blood samples were incubated with 80 mu g/mL chives plant aqueous extract at 37 degrees C for 60 min and erythrocyte deformability was measured by ektacytometry (3 Pa and 30 Pa; 37 degrees C). Results of incubation of apparently healthy blood samples with plant extract showed that incubation did not alter erythrocyte deformability significantly. However, for SCA blood samples, erythrocyte deformability decreased significantly with plant extract exposure at 3 Pa (p < 0.043) and 30 Pa (p < 0.043). In conclusion, although ex-vivo incubation with plant extract does not fully model gastrointestinal processing of onions, the decrease in SCA erythrocyte deformability following incubation with aqueous chives should stimulate further studies to test the in-vivo effects of this diet in sickle cell mice.
Behavior, Antioxidant, and Metabolomics Effects of Allium Tuncelianum
(Wiley, 2024) Abbak, Nigar; Nemutlu, Emirhan; Recber, Tuba; Gul, Asli San Dagli; Akkoyun, H. Turan; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Arihan, Okan
Allium species are consumed extensively as folkloric medicine and dietary elements, but limited studies have been conducted on them. In this study, the effects of an ethanol-water extract obtained from the underground bulb of Allium tuncelianum (Kollmann) ozhatay, B. Mathew & Siraneci (AT) on the behavioral, antioxidant, and metabolite parameters in rats were evaluated. AT was administered orally once a day at doses of 100 and 400 mg/kg to male Wistar albino rats for 10 consecutive days. The elevated plus maze, rotarod, and hotplate tests were used to examine anxiety-like behaviors, locomotor activities, and pain perception in the rats, respectively. Additionally, untargeted metabolomic analyses were performed on plasma samples and AT extracts using two orthogonal analytical platforms. The phenolic components, mainly fumaric acid, malic acid, vanillic acid, quercetin-3-arabinoside, hydrocinnamic acid, and gallocatechin, were determined in the extract. In addition, arbutin, salicylic acid, trehalose, and nicotinic acid were analyzed in the extract for the first time. The AT extract did not decrease the catalase, glutathione peroxidase, or superoxide dismutase levels; however, diazepam decreased some of those parameters significantly in the brain, liver, and kidney. Although both the AT and diazepam treatments resulted in an increase in anxiolytic-like effects compared to the control group, no significant differences were observed (p > .05). In the metabolomic analysis, significant changes were observed in the rats treated with AT and diazepam, and they caused significant changes in some metabolic pathways, including amino acid and fatty acid metabolism, compared to the control.
Blood Urea Nitrogen (Bun) Is Independently Associated With Mortality in Critically Ill Patients Admitted To Icu
(Public Library Science, 2018) Arihan, Okan; Wernly, Bernhard; Lichtenauer, Michael; Franz, Marcus; Kabisch, Bjoern; Muessig, Johanna; Jung, Christian
Purpose Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was reported to be associated with mortality in heart failure patients. We aimed to evaluate admission BUN concentration in a heterogeneous critically ill patient collective admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) for prognostic relevance. Methods A total of 4176 medical patients (67 +/- 13 years) admitted to a German ICU between 2004 and 2009 were included. Follow-up of patients was performed retrospectively between May 2013 and November 2013. Association of admission BUN and both intra-hospital and longterm mortality were investigated by Cox regression. An optimal cut-off was calculated by means of the Youden-Index. Results Patients with higher admission BUN concentration were older, clinically sicker and had more pronounced laboratory signs of multi-organ failure including kidney failure. Admission BUN was associated with adverse long-term mortality (HR 1.013; 95% CI 1.012 +/- 1.014; p< 0.001). An optimal cut-off was calculated at 28 mg/dL which was associated with adverse outcome even after correction for APACHE2 (HR 1.89; 95% CI 1.59 +/- 2.26; p< 0.001), SAPS2 (HR 1.85; 95% CI 1.55 +/- 2.21; p< 0.001) and several parameters including creatinine in an integrative model (HR 3.34; 95% CI 2.89 +/- 3.86; p< 0.001). We matched 614 patients with admission BUN > 28 mg/dL to case-controls <= 28mg/dL corrected for APACHE2 scores: BUN above 28 mg/dL remained associated with adverse outcome in a paired analysis with the difference being 5.85% (95% CI 1.23 +/- 10.47%; p = 0.02). Conclusions High BUN concentration at admission was robustly associated with adverse outcome in critically ill patients admitted to an ICU, even after correction for co-founders including renal failure. BUN might constitute an independent, easily available and important parameter for risk stratification in the critically ill.
The Case Against Socrates and His Execution
(Academic Press Ltd-elsevier Science Ltd, 2019) Arihan, Okan; Arihan, Seda K.; Touwaide, Alain
Comparison of Effects of High and Low Dose Paracetamol Treatment and Toxicity on Brain and Liver in Rats
(Kare Publ, 2020) Oksuz, Ersoy; Yasar, Semih; Erten, Remzi; Arihan, Okan; Oto, Gokhan
OBJECTIVE: Paracetamol is thought that it acts by inhibiting the central cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme; its mechanism of action is still not fully explained. Although its most important side effect is hepatoxicity, it is thought to cause toxicity on the brain in recent years. The present study aims to investigate the treatment and toxic effects of low and high doses of paracetamol on the liver and brain. METHODS: Wistar-albino rats were used in this study. At doses of 20-500 mg/kg, paracetamol was administered intraperitoneally once a day for one and three days. The brain and liver were used for immunohistochemical evaluation using COX-3, prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)) and caspase 3 antibodies and for total antioxidant (TAS), total oxidant ( TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) measurements. Results were evaluated using the Kruskal Wallis test (SPSS ver.24). RESULTS: The liver COX-3 levels were significantly lower in both groups with higher doses (p<0.05). In the brain, there was no statistically significant difference in COX-3 levels between the groups. There was no statistically significant difference in PGE(2) levels in the liver and brain between the groups (p>0.05). The caspase 3 level in the liver was statistically significantly higher in the low dose group compared to the other groups (p<0.05). In both liver and brain, OSI values were significantly higher in the 3-day high-dose group compared to others (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in ALT and AST values (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of our study show that paracetamol inhibits the COX-3 enzyme in the liver but has no effect in the brain, and COX-3 does not have an effect on PGE(2). Paracetamol causes apoptosis in the liver only in low doses; higher doses may cause toxicity by increasing oxidative stress, especially in the brain.
Determination of Salicin Content of Some Salix L. Species by Hplc Method
(Chiminform Data S A, 2007) Guvenc, Aysegul; Arihan, Okan; Altun, M. Levent; Dinc, Erdal; Baleanu, Dumitru
In this paper, we find the salicin content of the nine species of Salix L from the province of Ankara, Turkey, namely Salix triandra, S. alba, S. excelsa, S. fragilis, S. babylonica, S. caprea, S. cinerea, S. pseudomedemii and S. amplexicaulis. A simple HPLC method was applied to the determination of Salicin of these nine species in barks and leaves of female and male. Chromatographic separation was carried out by a mobile phase consisting of bidistilled water, tetrahydrofuran and ortho-phosphoric acid (97.7: 1.8: 0.5) (v/v/v). The salicin amount of these samples was analyzed by measuring the peak area at the wavelength, 270 nm. A reversed phase phenyl column (250 x 4.6mm, 5 mu m) was used and flow rate was set to 1 ml/min. in an isocratic elution. The results provided 6 HPLC method was found in agreement with those indicated by European Pharmacopoeia. It was observed that S. babylonica female bark sample possess the highest salicin content (2.675), while S. caprea female bark (0.058) has the lowest salicin content as w/w (%).
Effect of Acute and Chronic Fluoride Administration on Bone Histopathology, Bone Fluoride Accumulation, and Locomotor Activity in an Animal Model of Paleopathological Fluorosis
(int Soc Fluoride Research, 2020) Turkekul, Ramazan; Arihan, Seda Karaoz; Yildirim, Serkan; Arihan, Okan; Oto, Gokhan; Ekin, Suat; Yildiz, Damla
Fluorosis may be identified in skeletal materials from ancient civilizations by macroscopic signs in teeth and bone and hard tissue fluoride levels. In the present study, human teeth, femoral, and rib specimens from the Van Fortress excavation, in Turkey, were examined for the presence of fluorosis. In addition, an animal study in rats was conducted as a model of human fluorosis, by examining the effects of fluoride administration, in various doses and for different durations, on weight loss, locomotor activity, fluoride accumulation, and deformation in bone and teeth. Fifty-six adult male Wistar albino rats, weighing 150-200 g, were divided into 7 different groups of 8 rats. Four acute groups were treated with 0 (control), 5, 15, and 50 mg/L of fluoride in drinking water for 7 days and three chronic groups were treated with 5, 15, and 50 mg/L of fluoride for 90 days. The results of the analysis of the human samples from the Van Fortress excavation showed that none of the dental, femoral, or rib samples had a fluoride content that was significantly greater than that of the surrounding soil. The results of the rat study showed that no significant differences between the groups were found in body weight on days 1, 30, 60, and 90. The rotarod locomotor test showed a significant (p<0.05) dose- and time-dependent reduction in locomotor activity as a result of the fluoride administration in the 50 mg/L chronic fluoride group compared to the control, 5 mg/L acute fluoride, 15 mg/L acute fluoride, and 5 mg/L chronic fluoride groups. Significant fluoride accumulation was found in the femoral neck (cortical tissue), the femoral head (trabecular tissue), and in rib bone. Light microscopy showed a severe thinning of the epiphyseal growth plate and bone trabeculae in the femoral bone tissue. We concluded that femoral bone (cortical and trabecular parts) and ribs are good sites for assessing the effects of fluoride exposure in animal models of human fluorosis.
Effect of Thymoquinone Administration on Erythrocyte Fragility in Diethylnitorsamine Administered Rats
(Wiley-blackwell, 2016) Amin, Hawar Ahmad Muhammed; Arihan, Okan; Ragbetli, Murat Cetin
Effects of Acute and Chronic Fluoride Administration on Some Kidney Parameters of Rats (cys-C, Kim-1, and Ngal)
(int Soc Fluoride Research, 2021) Komuruglu, Ahmet Ufuk; Basbugan, Yildiray; Arihan, Okan; Arihan, Seda Karaoz
Fluorosis is an important disease both in modern societies as well as in the previous periods. Paleopathological studies reveal that people in ancient periods suffered from fluorosis which causes adverse health effects, especially on the musculoskeletal system as well as soft tissues such as kidneys. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of acute and chronic fluoride administration on some kidney markers in rats. Fifty-six Wistar albino rats were divided into 7 groups, 8 in each group. Acute fluoride intoxication was established by administering, in drinking water, 5 ppm (group 2), 15 ppm (group 3), and 50 ppm (group 4) for 7 days. Chronic fluoride intoxication was established by administering 5 ppm (group 5), 15 ppm (group 6), and 50 ppm for 90 days (group 7). Control group (group 1) was given tap water. At the end of the study, the rats were sacrificed under anesthesia and blood samples were taken. The blood was centrifuged and their serums were separated. CYS-c, KIM-1, and NGAL levels were measured by ELISA method, and urea, creatinine, total protein, and albumin levels were measured spectrophotometrically. CYS-c levels were increased in all groups administered fluoride (p>0.05). Similarly all groups had higher levels of NGAL due to fluoride exposure and chronic fluoride 5 mg/L group showed significant increase compared to control (p<0.05). In KIM-1 values, a significant increase occurred in acute fluoride 15 and 50 mg/L (p<0.05). Significant alterations were also observed in creatinine and urea values due to fluoride exposure. Consequently, exposure to fluoride may cause an increase in serum inflammation markers (NGAL, KIM-1) due to differences in dosage and exposure period. Further long term studies, including molecular and histopathological assessments, are needed to elucidate the impact of long term exposure to fluoride on the renal system.
The Effects of Asphodel (Asphodelus Aestivus Brot.) Rhizome Extract Administration in the Treatment of Thermally Induced Wound in Rats
(Assoc Pharmaceutical Teachers india, 2021) Arihan, Okan; Akgul, Omer; Oto, Gokhan; Yildirim, Serkan; Eroglu, Huseyin; Bora, Gulhan
Background: Burn wound is an important health problem worldwide. Serious outcomes related with burn occur and treatments focus on healing of the wounded area with dermal preparations containing chemicals avoiding growth of pathogenic organisms. Plants are important sources for both modern pharmacy to find new molecules used in modern medication as well as in traditional medicinal practices. Many plants are used for treatment of burn wounds. Asphodel (Asphodelus aestivus Brot.) is a naturally found plant in the Mediterranean flora. It is also used in traditional medicinal practices in Turkey. Aim: In this study it was aimed to test wound healing effect of Asphodel. Materials and Methods: An ointment prepared with a 5% methanolic extract of Asphodel was used. 4 groups were formed as control, wound, wound+asphodel and wound+standard drug (oxytetracyclin hydrochloride) (n = 8 in each group). Burn wound was established with a thermal induction. Biochemical, microbiological and histopathological evaluations were performed. Results: Biochemical results (Alt, Ast, Glucose, Ldh) obtained from blood samples showed no adverse effect of this administration. Microbiological results showed a protective effect of Asphodel similar with standard drug. Histopathological evaluation also presented an ameliorating effect as standard drug. Conclusion: Results of this study states that traditional use of this plant for the treatment of burn/wound/ulcer in traditional medicine applications is valid.
Effects of Cichorium Intybus on Serum Oxidative Stress, Liver and Kidney Volume, and Cyclin B1 and Bcl-2 Levels in the Brains of Rats With Ethanol Induced Damage
(C M B Assoc, 2018) Erkec, Ozlem Ergul; Arihan, Okan; Colcimen, Nese; Kara, Mehmet; Karatas, Ersin; Demir, Halit; Ragbetli, Murat Cetin
We investigated the effects of an aqueous root extract of Cichonum iniyhus on Bcl-2 and cyclin B1 levels in the brain, kidney and liver volumes and changes of serum total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels in ethanol induced damage in rats. The rats were divided into five groups non-treated controls (C), maltodextrin in tap water treated (MD), 6.4% ethanol in tap water treated (ET), Cichorium iniyhus + maltodextrin in tap water treated (CI+MD), and Cichorium intybus + 6.4% ethanol in tap water treated (CI+ET). Rats in the CI+MD and CI+ET groups were treated with 200 mg/kg water extract of Cichorium intybus. Chronic ethanol aMDinistration significantly increased cyclin B1 and decreased Bcl-2 levels in the brain and significantly decreased TAS values, increased TOS values of serum and significantly decreased kidney volume in the ET group. There was no significant difference in the liver volume or liver cell count. Our data rev ealed that ethanol aMDinistration induces an overexpression of cyclin B1 and decreases levels of Bcl-2 in rat brains and induced oxidative stress in the blood. C. intybus treatment possessed a partial amelioration effect on cyclin B1 levels and TAS values.
Effects of Leontice Leontopetalum and Bongardia Chrysogonum Extracts on Pentylenetetrazole Kindling Epilepsy Modelin Rats
(Wiley-blackwell, 2016) Erkec, Ozlem Ergul; Arihan, Okan; Bulut, Gulay; Karatas, Ersin; Meral, Ismail; Ozgokce, Fevzi
Effects of Leontice Leontopetalum and Bongardia Chrysogonum on Oxidative Stress and Neuroprotection in Ptz Kindling Epilepsy in Rats
(C M B Assoc, 2018) Erkec, Ozlem Ergul; Arihan, Okan; Kara, Mehmet; Karatas, Ersin; Erten, Remzi; Demir, Halit; Ozgokce, Fevzi
We investigated the effects of Leontice leontopetalum and Bongardia chrysogonum on apoptosis, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA(A)) receptor positive cell number. cyclin-B1 and bcl-2 levels and oxidative stress in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ.) kindling in rats. Kindling was produced by subconvulsant doses of PTZ treatments in rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups; Control, PTZ treated (PTZ), PTZ ;L. leontopetalum extract treated (PTZ FILE) and PTZ ;B. chrysogonum extract treated (PTZ+BCE) groups. Extracts were given a dose (200 mg/kg) 2h before each PTZ, injection. PTZ treatment significantly decreased the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and bc1-2 levels and increased the total oxidant status (TOS), malondialdehyde (MDA), cyclin B1, oxidative stress index (OSI) and number of neurons that expressed GABA(A) receptors when compared to the control. LLE and BCE possessed antioxidant activity in the brain and ameliorated PTZ induced oxidative stress, decreased cyclin-B1, increased bcl-2 levels, and kept the GABA(A) receptor number similar to that of the control despite the PTZ application.
Effects of Two Selected Ssris on Hemorheological Parameters in Rats
(Ios Press, 2019) Arihan, Okan; Yabanoglu, Samiye Ciftci; Ucar, Gulberk; Falkmarken, Neslihan Dikmenoglu
Background: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), antidepressants commonly used in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), inhibit the re-uptake of serotonin not only into neurons but also into platelets. Hence they increase the level of serotonin in plasma. OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to clarify the effects of two selected SSRIs on plasma serotonin level, hemorheological parameters (hematocrit, erythrocyte deformability, erythrocyte aggregation and plasma viscosity) and selected oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH, GSSG levels in plasma and erythrocytes). METHODS: Two different SSRIs (Fluvoxamine and Sertraline) were administered to male Sprague-Dawley rats in acute (5 days) or chronic fashion (21 days) at 20 mg/kg/day dose. RESULTS: Aggregation amplitude (AMP) decreased significantly in the chronic sertraline and acute fluvoxamine groups; aggregation half time (t1/2) decreased significantly in the chronic fluvoxamine group. Biochemical parameters indicating oxidative stress significantly increased in the chronic sertraline group. CONCLUSIONS: Since SSRI's are commonly used in patients with CVDs, complementary studies are needed to assess the impact of such changes in hemorheological parameters on the risk for CVD, and to reveal the effects of other SSRIs on hemorheological parameters.
Erythrocyte Fragility in Pearl Mullet (Alburnus Tarichi Guldenstadt, 1814) During Migration From Highly Alkaline Water To Freshwater
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2017) Arihan, Okan; Kaptaner, Burak; Kankaya, Ertugrul
Pearl mullet (Alburnus tarichi Gilldenstalt, 1814) is an endemic fish species living in the Lake Van basin. Lakes Van and Ercek are soda lakes which have alkaline and brackish properties. Pearl mullet migrate to freshwater streams surrounding these lakes for spawning and return back to the lake environment after reproduction. Migration takes places from the lakes into freshwater streams and the fish are exposed to 2 different environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to assess erythrocyte osmotic fragility, a test providing information about the membrane stability of erythrocytes and the physiological strength of erythrocytes against physicochemical stress, during spawning migration. For this purpose, blood samples were collected into EDTA containing tubes from fish sampled from Lake Ercek and a freshwater environment pouring into the lake (Memedik Stream). Erythrocyte osmotic fragility was performed on the collected blood samples. The results indicated a significant increase in erythrocyte osmotic fragility at 0.4 and 0.5% NaCl concentrations for freshwater stream samples. It can be concluded that the increased erythrocyte osmotic fragility in the freshwater environment was causally related to physicochemical changes. Further research can be conducted on physiological mechanisms that cause this observed change in erythrocyte fragility which is an indicator of membrane stability.
Evaluation of the Effect of Allium Tuncelianum (Tunceli Mountain Garlic) Plant Extract on Behavioral, Antioxidant and Metabolomic Parameters in Rats
(Wiley, 2025) Abbak, Nigar; Nemutlu, Emirhan; Recber, Tuba; Gul, Asli San Dagli; Akkoyun, Hurrem Turan; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Arihan, Okan
Example of Digital Exhibition in Anthropology and Medical Education
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Gul, Asli San Dagli; Arihan, Seda Karaoz; Arihan, Okan
Technology brings new opportunities in terms of education and research, and global pandemics such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic require online education-style approaches. Visualisation is of great importance in digitised education. In this study, materials that are of interest to the disciplines of anthropology, dentistry and medicine were selected from the skeletal materials and presented in a virtual exhibition. The mandible samples were digitised by photogrammetric method, and the exhibition was made navigable by using the Unity game engine program. In the exhibition, information on dental and bone physiology and palaeopathology, as well as the mandibles of the skeletons obtained from the excavation area, and information on individuals are presented on informative boards. The exhibition can be visited online with the link provided. In this study, the opinions of 30 students, who visited the exhibition from Faculty of Medicine 3(rd)-5(th) classes, were asked to complete an online questionnaire. Results of this questionnaire show that students would like to see more of such digital education methods. Digitising educational presentations enables these exhibitions to transcend physical boundaries and reach a global audience. In addition, the images can be easily examined by anyone who visits and can be evaluated for educational purposes.
Hemorheological Parameters in Patients With Fibromyalgia Syndrome
(Ios Press, 2017) Arihan, Okan; Caglayan, Gokhan; Bayrak, Sibel; Akinci, Aysen; Falkmarken, Neslihan Dikmenoglu
AIM: To evaluate hemorheological parameters in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) in order to elucidate the etiology of the disease. METHODS: Twenty-three adult FMS patients and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Diabetics, hypertensives and those with any rheumatological disorder or use drugs or smoking cigarette were excluded from the study. Following parameters were analyzed in each subject; erythrocyte deformability, erythrocyte aggregation, plasma viscosity, complete blood count, fasting blood glucose, fibrinogen, albumin, globulin and lipid profile. RESULTS: Erythrocyte elongation indices indicating deformability of erythrocytes were higher in FMS patients (0.564 +/- 0.002 at 16.87mPa and 0.605 +/- 0.002 at 30mPa shear rate) than controls (0.558 +/- 0.001 at 16.87mPa and 0.600 +/- 0.003 at 30mPa shear rate). Erythrocyte aggregation speed was higher in FMS patients (2.1 +/- 0.1 s) than controls (2.3 +/- 0.2 s). Erythrocyte aggregation index was also higher in FMS patients (65.5 +/- 1.3) than controls (62.9 +/- 1.5). Erythrocyte aggregation amplitude and plasma viscosity values were similar in both groups (both p > 0.05). Among the complete blood count and biochemical parameters, only albumin levels were lower in the FM patients than controls (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate higher erythrocyte deformability and quicker erythrocyte aggregation in FM patients.
How Long-Term Intake of Sodium Fluoride (Naf) in Different Doses and 7,12 Dimetilbenz(A)antrasen (Dmba) Affect Erythrocyte Fragility and Parameters in Rats
(Wiley, 2017) Comba, Bahat; Oto, Gokhan; Arihan, Okan; Comba, Arzu; Uyar, Hasan