Browsing by Author "Ayan, A."

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D-Dimer Level as a Potential Marker of Cutaneous Disease Activity in Canine Leishmaniosis and Demodicosis
(Herman Otto Intezet, 2020) Ayan, A.; Ural, K.; Erdoǧan, H.; Gültekin, M.
Biochemical markers for detecting disease activity allow a clinician to monitor severity of illness, progression, and response to therapy. D-dimer is a breakdown/degradation product of cross-linked fibrin, increasing with clot formation and fibrinolysis and its testing is non-invasive. The aim of this study was to measure D-dimer concentrations and assess their value in the diagnosis of cutaneous disease activity in dogs with canine visceral leishmaniosis (CVL) and demodicosis, besides the strengths of the latter marker in identifying early diagnosis. D-dimer analyses were performed in two groups of dogs; (ll) 13 dogs with CnVL, (III) 16 dogs with demodicosis, then were compared to those of healthy dogs (n = 11) as (l) control group. The D-dimer range in clinically healthy dogs was < 0.1 mg/L. In dogs with CVL and demodicosis, the D-dimer concentrations were higher than those of healthy dogs (p < 0.05) and (p < 0.01), respectively. In both groups, D-dimer level increased with clinical evidence of disease. D-dimer concentration may be considered as an indicator for cutaneous disease activity during selected diseases and may be useful as a potential biochemical marker of disease activity in certain cutaneous inflammatory conditions. © 2020 Herman Otto Intezet. All rights reserved.
Effect of Curcumin Enema Dosage Regimes on the Reduction of Giardia Cyst Among Calves
(Pusat Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Peternakan, 2023) Ural, K.; Erdogan, H.; Ural, Da; Pasa, S.; Erdogan, S.; Ayan, A.; Balikci, C.
Giardiasis is one of the most significant and neglected parasitic infestations among calves, resulting in intestinal infections. This protozoan agent gained diagnostic and therapeutical importance because of its zoonotic potential, in which novel alternative/substitute therapeutical interventions are important, and this is because commonly used anti-parasitic drugs for control and eradication for battling this infection commonly presented side effects. Therefore, the present project evaluated the antiprotozoan activity of curcumin at different dose regimes used via the rectal route, the main constituent of turmeric. Rectal enema groups [Group I: 2 gr/kg, Group II: 80 mg/kg, and Group III: 10 mg/kg] and oral treatment Group IV: 2 gr/calf consisted of curcumin treatment at appropriate dosages showed herein in which the control group V were untreated. All treatment groups showed a statistically significant decrease in cyst counts on day 10, compared to day 10 values of the control group (p<0.005). Among the treatment groups, the highest cyst reduction was evident at 99.86% in curcumin 10 mg/kg rectal enema-administered calves (Group III), which received the lowest dose of the study. Curcumin at all dosages, primarily used in the rectal route at the lowest dosage regimen of 10 mg/kg, could have hastened clinical and parasitological efficacy via probable inhibition of Giardia proliferation and adhesion, as described previously. This treatment modality via the rectal route can change the game, highlighting novel treatment protocols.
Evaluation of Orally Administered Anthelmintic Treatment Options for Dentostomella Translucida in Naturally Infected Mongolian Gerbils (Meriones Unguiculatus)
(Galenos Publishing House, 2021) Aypak, S.; Kum, C.; Pekağırbaş, M.; Ayan, A.; Karagenç, T.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of eprinomectin, moxidectin and fenbendazole for treating Dentostomella translucida infections in naturally infected Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). Methods: A total of 28 gerbils were placed in individually numbered cages to determine the individual animal parasite load. Eggs per gram (EPG) counts were used to estimate the efficacy of the drugs. The day before the anthelmintic administration was denoted as day 0, and the EPG counts were determined by the McMaster technique from the stool removed from the cage bottom on days 7, 14, 21 and 28. The animals were assigned to one of four treatment groups according to their day 0 EPG counts. The orally administered drugs in the treatment groups were eprinomectin (15 mg/kg), moxidectin (0.4 mg/kg) and fenbendazole (12 mg/kg) for groups 1-3, respectively. The fourth group served as the control (without any drug administration). Results: Treatment efficacy was evaluated based on weekly EPG counts. The values decreased to zero in the fenbendazole group at 4 weeks of follow-up after treatment, and no parasite was found in any of the repeated examinations. The eprinomectin and moxidectin groups exhibited a fluctuating EPG state on both individual and group basis. Conclusion: D. translucida, which is known as the specific parasite of gerbils, can easily affect other members of the animal colony; thus, the control of its presence in gerbil breeding units is necessary. Therefore, the reported effective drug treatments are important for the fight against the investigated parasitic infection. © 2021 Turkish Society for Parasitology.
Expression Levels of Some Apoptotic and Oxidative Genes in Sheep With Sarcocystosis
(Hellenic veterinary Medical Soc, 2022) Yuksek, V.; Kilinc, O. O.; Dede, S.; Cetin, S.; Ayan, A.
Sarcocystosis is a zoonotic protozoon-related disease with a very broad intermediate host spectrum. These protozoon parasites lead to tissue loss in their intermediate hosts. The purpose of this study was to present the mRNA expression levels of some genes belonging to the oxidative stress and apoptosis pathway systems in tissue damage caused by sarcocystosis. In this study, the material consisted of infected tissue taken from sheep esophagus determined to be sarcocystosis-infected and esophageal tissues taken from healthy sheep. The expression levels of the GPX1, SOD1, SOD2, NCF1and Nos2 genes that play a role in the oxidative stress mechanism and the caspase 3, 8, 9 and BCL-2 genes that play a role in the apoptosis mechanism were determined by RT-qPCR. As a result of the study, it was determined that, with increased oxidative stress, the gene expressions related to the relevant enzyme systems also increased, and in relation to this increase, the caspase enzyme genes that are effective in cell death were up-regulated. These results may shed light on similar studies for understanding and preventing damage mechanisms that may form as a result of sarcocystosis. As a result, it is understood that increased oxidative stress parameters and increased apoptosis in sarcocystic tissue in sheep cause tissue loss. We think that understanding the molecular mechanisms of this disease is clinically important in the treatment of parasitic diseases and in the prevention of economic losses that may occur as a result of the disease.
First Detection of Ehrlichia Chaffeensis, Ehrlichia Canis, and Anaplasma Ovis in Rhipicephalus Bursa Ticks Collected From Sheep, Turkey
(Polska Akad Nauk, Polish Acad Sciences, Univ Warmia & Mazury Olsztyn, 2024) Ayan, A.; Celik, B. Aslan; Celik, O. Y.; Kilinc, O. Orunc; Akyildiz, G.; Yilmaz, A. B.; Babaoglu, A. R.
Anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis are important tick -borne rickettsial diseases of medical and veterinary importance that cause economic losses in livestock. In this study, the prevalence of Anaplasma ovis, Ehrlichia canis and Ehrlichia chaffeensis was investigated in ticks collected from sheep in various farms in Van province, which is located in the Eastern Anatolian Region of Turkey. The ticks used in this study were collected by random sampling in 26 family farm business in 13 districts of Van province. A total of 688 ticks were collected from 88 sheep and 88 tick pools were created. All ticks identified morphologically as Rhipicephalus bursa. Phylogenetic analysis of Chaperonin and 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed A. ovis, E. canis and E. chaffeensis in this study. Of the 88 tick pools tested, 28.41% (25/88) were positive for at least one pathogen. Anaplasma DNA was detected in five of the 88 pools (5.68%), E. canis DNA was detected in 19 of the 88 pools (21.59%), and E. chaffeensis DNA was detected in one of the 88 pools (1.14%) of R. bursa ticks. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the presence of A. ovis, E. canis, and E. chaffeensis in R. bursa ticks collected from sheep in Turkey. Further studies are needed to investigate other co -infections in sheep in Turkey.
High Prevalence of Ehrlichia Canis in Dogs in Van, Turkey
(Aloki Applied Ecological Research and Forensic inst Ltd, 2020) Ayan, A.; Kilinc, Orunc O.; Erdogan, S.; Akyildiz, G.; Bia, M. M.; Lee, D.
Tropical and subtropical regions have seen an alarming increase in vector-borne diseases especially tick-borne diseases. Ehrlichiosis is one of the most important vector-borne disease from a zoonotic perspective and it can be even more lethal in dogs and humans a compromised immune system. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and molecular characterization of E. canis in Van province of Turkey. A total of 387 blood samples were collected from dogs in Van veterinary clinics in 2019. Extracted DNAs were run through Nested PCR using the appropriate primers. A total of 79 samples out of 387 were E. canis positive at 389 bp revealed by Nested PCR. Sanger method was used for DNA sequencing of two selected positive samples. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that relevant amplicon was 100% compatible with 16S RNA gene isolated from E. canis in many geographical regions.
May Citrus Extract Provide Anti-Giardial Therapeutic Efficacy
(Ataturk Universitesi, 2021) Aliç Ural, D.; Erdoğan, S.; Balikçi, C.; Ayan, A.; Erdoğan, H.; Ural, K.
In this study, it was aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of the bitter orange extract in goat kids with giardiasis. A total of sixteen goat kids detected to be infected with Giardia duodenalis at the age of 12 to 68 days were enrolled in the study. Goat kids were randomly assigned into two groups, whereas goat kids in the control group (n= 8) without receiving any drug and group (n=10) received oral bitter orange extract at a dosage of 10 ml/goat kids for seven days. Anti-giardial therapeutic efficacy of bitter orange extract was determined by oocyst shedding interpreted with a microscopical examination of fecal samples on days 0 and 10. It was revealed that the therapeutic efficacy of orange bitter extract as compared with control was 99.9% on day 10. In conclusion, this significant decrease of oocyst shedding supports the anti-giardial activity of bitter orange extract and shows that it might be an alternative in the treatment of giardiasis. © 2021 Ataturk Universitesi. All rights reserved.
Molecular Detection and Subtype Distribution of Blastocystis Sp. From Shelter Dogs and Cats in Van, Turkey: First Report of St10 in Cats and St1, St10 and St30 in Dogs
(Polska Akad Nauk, Polish Acad Sciences, Univ Warmia & Mazury Olsztyn, 2024) Ayan, A.; Celik, B. Aslan; Celik, O. Y.; Yilmaz, A. B.; Kilinc, O. Orunc; Ayan, O. Oktay
Blastocystis is an intestinal protist commonly found in humans and many different animal species. It is probably the most common enteric parasite with an estimated one billion infections worldwide. The fecal materials for this study were collected from 100 cats and 200 dogs different age and sex in shelter in Van, Turkey. DNA extraction, PCR amplification and sequence analysis were performed on the fecal samples. As a result, a prevalence of 1% (1/100) in cats and 1.5% (3/200) in dogs was detected. The prevalence was higher in both cats and dogs, in age groups younger than one year and in females according to gender. Sequence analysis revealed Blastocystis sp. ST10 in cats and Blastocystis sp. ST1, ST10 and ST30 in dogs. The sequences obtained were deposited in Genbank. In conclusion, stray cats and dogs may be a source of infection for other cats and dogs, and the detection of zoonotic ST1 in dogs suggests that dogs may be a reservoir for human infection.
Molecular Investigation of Some Bacteria (Coxi̇ella Burneti̇i̇, Mycoplasma Haemocani̇s, Candi̇datus Mycoplasma Haematoparvum, Wolbachi̇a) in Rhipicephalus Sanguineus Ticks in Siirt Province, Turkey
(Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 2022) Çelik, B.A.; Çelik, Ö.Y.; Ayan, A.; Yilmaz, A.B.; Kilinç, Ö.O.; Şababoğlu, E.; Ayan, Ö.O.
Ticks harbor the largest diversity of microorganisms, ranging from viruses, prokaryotes, and eukaryotes. Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks are the most common ticks worldwide. Although dogs are the main host of this tick species, it has been reported that it also infests humans in various parts of the world. This study aimed to examine some bacteria (Coxiella burnetii, Mycoplasma haemocanis, Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum, Wolbachia) in Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks sampled from dogs. In this study, 350 tick samples collected from 85 dogs in Siirt province were determined to be Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks. Coxiella DNA was detected in 3 (0.85%) out of 350 ticks using Nested PCR (687 base pairs). None of the samples were found to contain Mycoplasma haemocanis, Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum, and Wolbachia DNA. A partial sequence of the IS1111 gene region was registered in GenBank with OM472143 accession numbers. Considering the zoonotic nature of the Q disease, it is very important for dog owners and related institutions to periodically spray animals against ticks, and to take any other necessary precautions. More samples are needed to determine the Mhc, CMhp, and Wolbachia prevalence. © 2022, Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. All rights reserved.
Occurence and Genotype Distribution of Cryptosporidium Spp., and Giardia Duodenalis in Sheep in Siirt, Turkey
(Polska Akad Nauk, Polish Acad Sciences, Univ Warmia & Mazury Olsztyn, 2023) Celik, B. Aslan; Celik, O. Y.; Ayan, A.; Kilinc, O. Orunc; Akyildiz, G.; Irak, K.; Ayan, O. Oktay
Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia duodenalis are intestinal protozoan parasites known to infect humans and various animals and cause diarrhea. This study aimed at determining the prevalence and genotype of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in sheep in different locations of Siirt province. The fecal material for this study was collected from 500 sheep in different locations of Siirt province, Turkey. Fecal samples obtained from sheep were examined for Cryptosporidium spp. by Kinyoun Acid Fast staining and the Nested PCR method. Microscopic and Nested PCR methods revealed a prevalence of 2.4% (12/500) and 3.6% (18/500), respectively. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of C. ryanae, C. andersoni, and zoonotic C. parvum. In terms of Giardia duodenalis, 8.4% (42/500) and 10.2% (51/500) prevalence was determined using Nativ-Lugol and Nested PCR methods, respectively. Using sequence analysis, zoonotic assemblages A and B as well as assemblages E and D were detected. As a result of this study, both the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis and the presence of species that appear to be host-specific, as well as those known to be zoonotic, were revealed. A large-scale study is needed to understand the impact of these agents on sheep farming and their consequences on human health.
Serum Thiol Disulphide Levels Among Sheep With Sarcoptic Mange
(Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2019) Çamkerten, İ.; Çamkerten, G.; Erdoğan, H.; Ayan, A.; Erdoğan, S.; Ural, K.
Sarcoptic mange, a notable parasitic disease, causes dermatological alterations among ruminants. Thiol-disulphite hemostasis is a novel oxidative stress parameter. The aim of this study was to evaluate dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis in sheep with sarcoptic mange. Total of thirty-six sheep (n=15 female, n=21 male) with sarcoptic mange (Group I), and twelve healthy sheep (Group II) were used in the study. A novel method was used to determine the thiol disulphide parameters. Native thiol, total thiol and Disulphide values were statistically lower in Group I. Disulphide/native thiol, Disulphide/total thiol, and Native thiol/ total thiol proportions had no statistical differences in groups. Sarcoptic mange was probably affected by the thiol Disulphide hemostasis in infected sheep. Thus, the data obtained in this study might form base for further studies to include antioxidant molecules in the treatment protocols. © 2019, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi. All rights reserved.
A Survey of the Prevalence and Genotypes of Cryptosporidium Spp. and Giardia Duodenalis in Shelter Dogs in Batman, Turkey
(Trakia University, 2024) Aslan Çelik, B.; Yilmaz, R.; Çiftçi, T.; Çelik, Ö.Y.; Ayan, A.; Orunç Kilinç, Ö.; Oktay Ayan, Ö.
Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are opportunistic zoonotic protozoan parasites related to diarrhea in humans and many mammals. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and genotypes of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in shelter dogs in Batman province. The animal material of the study consisted of 100 dogs of different breeds and sexes. Fresh fecal samples taken from the dogs were examined under the microscope by Kinyoun Acid Fast staining for Cryptosporidium spp. and by the native-Lugol method for Giardia. DNA extraction, nested PCR analysis, and sequence analysis were then performed. As a result of the analyses, all samples were negative for Cryptosporidium spp., while Giardia duodenalis was positive in 2% (2/100) of two female dogs less than one-year-old. Sequence analyses of PCR-positive samples showed that the samples overlapped with assemblage C and D samples. Although these results show that shelter dogs in Batman province do not carry a risk for humans in terms of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis, it is recommended that repeated faecal examinations should be carried out as much as possible to determine the possible role of these parasites in human transmission. © 2024, Trakia University. All rights reserved.
A Survey of Toxocara Vitulorum in Anatolian Water Buffaloes (Bubalis Bubalis) in Diyarbakir, Turkey
(Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 2022) Çelik, B.A.; Çelik, Ö.Y.; Ayan, A.; Kilinç, Ö.O.; Ayan, Ö.O.; Görmez, G.
Toxocara vitulorum is a pathogenic gastrointestinal nematode found in cattle and buffaloes all over the world, especially in tropical and subtropical regions with humid climates. Buffalo farming is a sector whose value has increased in recent years in Turkey and is intensively performed to obtain various products such as milk, cream, meat, and horns. This study aims to determine the prevalence of T. vitulorum in Anatolian Water Buffaloes in Diyarbakır. Fresh stool samples from animals were placed in individual stool containers. The sex and age of the animal were recorded for each sample collected. The samples were evaluated under the light microscope after the application of the Fulleborn saturated salt solution method and under Scanning Electron Microscope. Positivity was detected in 5 (3.01%) of the 166 samples. Regarding prevalence by age groups, T. vitulorum was detected in 10% of the 0-6 month group, 4.17% of the 6-12 month group, and 0.89% of the older than 12 months group. The prevalence by sex was determined as 3.85% for females and as 1.61% for males. To determine the epidemiology of the disease in the region, it was concluded that larger herds should be studied and serological and molecular methods should be used to confirm and support the findings of microscopic methods. © 2022, Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. All rights reserved.