Browsing by Author "Aydemir, Selahattin"

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Bibliometric Analysis of Neurocysticercosis Case Reports and Evaluation of Presented Cases
(Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) Gurbuz, Esra; Aydemir, Selahattin; Barlik, Fethi; Saygin, Murat; Yildiz, Rahmi; Alkan, Sevil; Ekici, Abdurrahman
Neurocysticercosis (NCC) has been classified as a neglected tropical disease by the World Health Organization (WHO), with the condition being regarded as the most significant parasitic disease affecting the nervous system. Hence, the aim of this study was to conduct a review of previously published case reports on this topic in order to ascertain whether there is an increasing trend of NCC worldwide and evaluate the cases that have been presented. After a comprehensive search of the Web of Science Core Collection using the keywords "neurocysticercosis" and "case reports", studies were selected by applying inclusion criteria. Important data attributes that were extracted in plain text format included the document titles, publication years, journal names, author(s) name(s), keywords, institutions, and countries. In addition, to evaluate the cases, the age and gender of the patients, complaints on admission, localization of the cyst, and treatment procedure used were recorded in an Excel file. The bibliometric analysis was conducted using Biblioshiny. Additionally, GraphPad and Excel were employed for the creation of graphical representations. The dataset analyzed included 297 documents, 162 from various sources, with an average age of 12.2 years and 6.3 citations per document. The number of case reports tended to increase over the years. India and the USA were the leading contributors to NCC case reports, with 78 (26.3 %) and 64 (21.5 %), respectively. This was followed by Brazil, France, and Spain with 31 (10.4 %), 14 (4.7 %) and 13 (4.4 %) case reports, respectively. Moreover 55.5 % of the patients in the cases presented in the articles were male and 12.9 % were in the 21-25 age group. In regard to the cysts, 81.2 % were located in the brain and 15.1 % were in the spine. The most common complaints were headache and seizures in brain localized NCC cases and back pain and numbness or weakness in extremities in spine localized NCC cases. Albendazole was used in 174 (54.5 %) cases, praziquantel in 22 (6.9 %) cases, and ivermectin in five (1.6 %) cases. In conclusion, NCC continues to be an increasingly serious public health problem in India as well as developed countries such as the USA and European countries. NCC can be seen in all age groups, males are more susceptible than females, cysts are more localized in the ventricular system, and albendazole and/or paraziquentel are used in treatment. In addition, more comprehensive studies on the use of ivermectin in the treatment of NCC should be conducted, as success was achieved in cases where ivermectin was used in treatment.
Effect of Toxoplasmosis on Melatonin and Cortisol in Smoking Addiction
(Brieflands, 2025) Halidi, Ahmed Galip; Atli, Siahmet; Gurbuz, Esra; Aydemir, Selahattin; Ekici, Abdurrahman
Background: Toxoplasma gondii infection can cause changes in neurotransmitter levels in the brain, which can affect anindividual's behavior. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between latent toxoplasmosis and cigarette addictionand its effect on cortisol and melatonin levels, which are known to be associated with nicotine addiction. Methods: The patient group consisted of 90 smokers who applied to the Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment andEducation Center Unit of the Health Sciences University Training and Research Hospital. Individuals with any substanceaddiction other than smoking were excluded from the study. The control group included 82 volunteers who had not used anysubstances in the last year. Toxoplasmagondii positivity, as well as cortisol and melatonin levels, were investigated via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the serum samples taken from the study participants. The Z test and Fisher's exact test wereused to determine statistical significance at P < 0.05. The independent-samples Kruskal-Wallis t-test was used to determine therelationship between cortisol and melatonin levels and T.gondii positivity. Results:Toxoplasmagondii immunoglobulin G was detected in 52 (57.8%) of the smokers and 23 (28%) of those in the controlgroup. A statistically significant relationship was found between T.gondii positivity and smoking (P = 0.001). In the statisticalevaluation, no relationship was found between T.gondii positivity and cortisol and melatonin in smokers. Conclusions: There is an association between T.gondii infection and smoking addiction, but this association is independent ofmelatonin and cortisol levels.
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Histopathological Findings in Appendectomy Specimens and Enterobius Vermicularis Infection
(Erciyes Univ Sch Medicine, 2023) Aydemir, Selahattin; Gumus, Meryem; Inceman, Merve; Cengiz, Zeynep Tas; Bayir, Mehmet Hafit; Yilmaz, Hasan
Objective: This study aimed to assess the relationship between Enterobius vermicularis and appendicitis by determining the frequency of E. vermicularis in appendectomy specimens obtained after a preliminary diagnosis of appendicitis. Materials and Methods: Retrospective evaluation was conducted on the results of appendectomy specimens examined histopathologically at Van Training and Research Hospital Pathology Laboratory from March 2016 to March 2022. Hematoxylin-eosin stained slides from 7,814 appendectomy specimens were scrutinized for the presence of E. vermicularis, acute inflammation, fecaloid material, lymphoid hyperplasia, obliteration, perforation, phlegmonous appendicitis, and peritonitis. Furthermore, slides stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) from patients testing positive for E. vermicularis were re-evaluated by the author in pathology.Results: E. vermicularis was identified in the appendectomy specimens of 50 (0.64%) out of 7,814 patients who underwent appendectomies. In histopathological examina-tions, the occurrence of lymphoid hyperplasia and fibrous obliteration was higher in E. vermicularis-positive patients compared to those who teste negative. Findings revealed that the mean white blood cell count (WBC) was lower in E. vermicularis-positive patients than in negative patients, while the mean eosinophil percentage (EO%) was higher.Conclusion: These findings imply that although the parasite is not a direct causative factor for appendicitis, it may contribute to the development of factors that result in obstruction in certain cases.
Evaluation of Toxoplasma Gondii in the Etiology of Cryptogenic Epilepsy: a Case-Control Study
(Galenos Publ House, 2024) Aydemir, Selahattin; Afshar, Milad Torkamanian; Afshar, Ozlem Sari Torkamanian; Cengiz, Zeynep Tas; Kiraz, Mustafa; Baydar, Caner; Yilmaz, Hasan
Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between toxoplasmosis and cryptogenic epilepsy (CE) by comparing the rate of Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity identified in CE patients with those without any neurological disorder. Methods: The study included 200 cryptogenic patients and 164 individuals without neurological disorders. T. gondii seropositivity was studied in individuals Results: The study found T. gondii IgG in 15.50% of CE patients and 28.66% of individuals without any neurological disorder. The difference between the two Conclusion: Toxoplasmosis did not increase the risk of epilepsy in the region where this study was conducted. However, for a better understanding of the CE-T. gondii relationship, we believe that seroprevalence studies should be conducted in larger populations.
Genetic Diversity of Echinococcus Granulosus Isolated From Humans: a Comparative Study in Two Cystic Echinococcosis Endemic Areas, Turkey and Iran
(Hindawi Ltd, 2020) Barazesh, Afshin; Sarkari, Bahador; Shahabi, Saeed; Halidi, Ahmed Galip; Ekici, Abdurrahman; Aydemir, Selahattin; Mahami-Oskouei, Mahmoud
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is one of the most important zoonotic parasitic diseases caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. Based on molecular studies and DNA sequencing, E. granulosus has been classified into 10 different genotypes (G1 to G10). Two neighboring countries, Turkey and Iran, are considered the two main foci of CE in the Middle East. The current study is aimed at examining the genotype diversity of E. granulosus isolated from human clinical samples in Turkey and Iran. Surgically removed human hydatid cysts were collected from East Azerbaijan and Fars provinces in Iran and Van province in Turkey. After extracting DNA, performing PCR, targeting the cox1 gene, the PCR products were purified from the gel and were sequenced from both directions. The sequences were aligned and compared, using BioEdit and also the BLAST program of GenBank. The maximum likelihood tree was constructed based on the Tamura-Nei model, using the MEGAX software. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the human isolated samples were classified into two major clades: G1 (from Iran and Turkey) and G3 (5 samples from northwestern Iran and one sample from Turkey). The mean and degree of genetic divergence (K2P) between the two major clades, G1 and G3, were 0.2% and 0.7 +/- 0.4%, respectively. The findings of the current study revealed that the sheep strain (G1) and the less important strain G3 have major roles in the transmission cycle of CE in two neighboring countries, Iran and Turkey. Therefore, it is necessary to interpose the life cycle of this parasite and reduce the disease burden in livestock and humans by adopting common regional preventive and control policies.
Genotyping of Echinococcus Granulosus Human Isolates Obtained From the Puncture, Aspiration, Injection, and Re-Aspiration (Pair) Process in Türkiye
(Iranian Scientific Society Medical Entomology, 2023) Akkas, Onder; Ozgokce, Mesut; Aydemir, Selahattin; Dundar, Ilyas; Ekici, Abdurrahman
Background: Echinococcus granulosus is spread by the excretion of cystic organs into the environment. The dog is infected via eating the cystic organ. It then contaminates the environment with eggs of E. granulosus, which are infective to humans and animals. We aimed to determine the E. granulosus genotypes that cause infection in humans in the Van region, Turkiye.Methods: Sixty patients between 18 and 100 years of age, who underwent the puncture, aspiration, injection, re-aspiration (PAIR) procedure in the Department of Radiodiognastics of Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkiye were included in the study. PAIR fluids were examined microscopically and DNA was isolated from the fluids. After DNA isolation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using primers that amplify the E. granulosus NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (NAD1) gene region. After sequence analysis of the PCR amplicons, Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) was performed.Results: In the microscopic examination, protoscolex or hook was detected in 42 (70%) of the samples. DNA was successfully extracted from all of the cyst fluids containing protoscolex and hook, and the NAD1 gene region was PCR-amplified. After using BLAST, all of the samples were determined to be an E. granulosus sensu stricto G1 genotype. Sequence comparison revealed that four (9.5%) isolate sequences showed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Sequences of isolates with SNP submitted to the GenBank with accession numbers OR565864 to OR565867.Conclusion: E. granulosus s.s. G1 genotype, known as sheep strain, is common in human hydatid disease in the Van region of Turkiye.
Global Trends on Blastocystis Spp. Research: a Scientometric Study
(Egyptian Parasitologists United Soc - Epu, 2023) Bilden, Alican; Gurbuz, Esra; Aydemir, Selahattin; Unlu, Ahmet H.; Ekici, Abdurrahman; Alkan, Sevil; Cicek, Muttalip
Background: For many years, the classification and pathogenicity of Blastocystis was a subject of debate. The study rational is built on two hypotheses; whether this uncertainty affects the research on Blastocystis spp., and whether regional differences have an impact on diseases prevalence.Objective: The aim of this study is to guide researchers interested in blasticystosis by presenting a bibliometric review of the existing literature on blastocystosis.Material and Methods: The VOSviewer visualization methodology was used. Institutions, nations, international collaborations, journals, articles, authors, keywords, co-authors, co-citations, and citation rates from the WoS database formed the study data. A total of 1192 documents were found in the WoS database, of which 906 original articles were analyzed.Results: The articles were cited 24,065 times in total and the mean Hirsch (H) index was 74. The countries with the highest number of articles were as follows: USA (n = 93; 10.26%), Singapore (n = 79; 8.72%), China (n = 76; 8.39%), and Malaysia (n: 74; 8.17%). During the period from 2000-2013, there were a limited number of articles, while since 2014 there was a minimum of 34 publications per year. The highest number of articles was published in 2021 (n = 87) and the highest number of citations (n=3,485) was in 2021. The leading affiliation according to the number of published articles was the National University of Singapore (8.72%), University Malaya (6.62%), and Nara Women's University (4.64%). The USA, Singapore, China and Malaysia have led scientific production on Blastocystis spp.Conclusion: Due to development of recent molecular technology, the interest in Blastocystis spp. increased as recorded by ample publicatios and cited references. Development of interdisciplinary scientific research networks to include the most productive countries is crucial for Blastocystis related studies.
Increase in Scabies Cases and Permethrin Nonresponse in Türkiye
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2025) Aydemir, Selahattin; Kul, Zubeyde; Barlik, Fethi; Saygin, Murat; Ekici, Abdurrahman; Yilmaz, Hasan
Background: There has been an increase in scabies cases in T & uuml;rkiye, and is considered to be an epidemic. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess scabies cases and the current status of scabies treatment by comparing patients who received scabies diagnosis and treatment before the COVID-19 pandemic, during the pandemic, and the normalization process. Materials and Methods: In this study, data of patients who applied to Van & Idot;pekyolu 1st Family Health Center and received a scabies diagnosis were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic data such as age, sex, application dates, and treatment methods were received from the electronic registration database of Van & Idot;pekyolu 1st Family Health Center. Categorical variables were presented as numbers (n) and percentages (%). The "two proportions Z-test and Fisher's exact" test of the ratios were used for categorical variables. Results: Before the pandemic, among 4009 patients with dermatology complaints, 56 (1.4%) received a scabies diagnosis. An increase in scabies cases has been observed since 2018, and the annual case count has further increased during the pandemic. Before the pandemic, 10 (17.9%) out of 56 patients diagnosed with scabies and 70 (31.1%) out of 225 patients diagnosed with scabies during and after the pandemic experienced recurrence after permethrin treatment. Patients who did not respond to permethrin treatment were successfully treated with ivermectin. Conclusions: An increase in scabies cases has been identified in conjunction with the COVID-19 pandemic and the recurrence of scabies in patients treated with permethrin after the pandemic has raised concerns about the potential development of resistance to permethrin.
Inhibitory Effect of Thymoquinone and Capsaicin on Blastocystis Grown in Vitro
(Natl inst Science Communication-niscair, 2024) Yildiz, Saadet; Aydemir, Selahattin; Ekici, Abdurrahman; Deniz, Naziye Yildiz; Yilmaz, Hasan
Blastocystis is enteric parasites that live in both humans and animals gastrointestinal tracts. Metronidazole (MTZ) is generally preferred in the treatment of Blastocystis infection. However, it has been shown to have teratogenic and carcinogenic potential, causing various side effects. In this study, we have made an attempt to find an alternative drug with less toxic side effects in the treatment of Blastocystis . For this purpose, the antiBlastocystis activities of thymoquinone (TQ) and capsaicin (CAP) were evaluated in vitro . Blastocystis isolate was inoculated in Jones medium in 1.5 mL eppendorf tubes supplemented with fetal calf serum (FCS) and incubated at 37 degrees C. The antiBlastocystis effect of TQ and CAP was evaluated by light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both TQ and CAP had anti Blastocystis effects. It was observed that 500 ug/mL of TQ and 1000 ug/mL of CAP inhibited 100% of Blastocystis growth. In the LM and SEM images, it was observed that Blastocystis treated with TQ decreased in size and CAP had an effect on the cell surface when compared to the control group. It was concluded that TQ could be a more reliable antiBlastocystis drug compared to MTZ and CAP, but more comprehensive studies should be performed.
Investigation of Blastocystis Hominis Frequency in Patients With Diabetes by Microscopy and Conventional PCR Methods
(Iranian Scientific Society Medical Entomology, 2023) Sahin, Maksut; Cengiz, Zeynep Tas; Halidi, Ahmed Galip; Aydemir, Selahattin
Bu çalışmanın amacı, diyabetli hastalarda Blastocystis hominis sıklığını mikroskopi ve konvansiyonel PCR yöntemleri ile belirleyip bu yöntemleri karşılaştırmak ve bu hastalarda hangi subtipin daha yaygın olduğunu saptamaktır. Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Dursun Odabaş Tıp Merkezi'nin Dahiliye Polikliniklerinde muayene olan ya da servislerinde yatış yapan toplam 150 diyabetli hasta ve herhangi bir kronik hastalığı olmayan sağlıklı 100 kişinin dahil edildiği çalışma, 01.01.2020-30.11.2021 tarihleri arasında yürütüldü. Diyabetli hastaların 67 (%44,6)'si erkek, 83 (%55,3)'ü kadınlardan; kontrol grubunun 57 (%57)'si erkek, 43 (%43)'ü kadınlardan oluştu. Örnekler PCR ve mikroskopi (nativ-Lugol ve trikrom boyama) ile değerlendirildi. Çalışmamızda 150 diyabetli hastanın 38'inde (%25,3) PCR ile, 34'ünde (%22,7) nativ-Lugol ve trikrom boyama ile B. hominis saptandı. Kontrol grubunda 100 kişinin 14'ü (%14) PCR ile, 10'u (%10) nativ-Lugol ve trikrom boyama ile pozitif bulundu. Üç yöntem dikkate alındığında diyabetli hastaların 40'ında (%26,7), kontrol grubunun 14'ünde (%14) B. hominis pozitifliği saptandı (p= 0,011). Diyabetli hastalar ve kontrol grubundan oluşan toplam 250 olgunun %20,8'inde (52 olgu) PCR ile, %17,6'sında (44 olgu) nativ-Lugol ve trikrom boyama ile B. hominis saptandı. PCR altın standart kabul edildiğinde mikroskopinin sensitivitesi %80,76, spesifitesi %98,99; mikroskopi altın standart kabul edildiğinde PCR'ın sensitivitesi %95,45, spesifitesi %95,14 olarak hesaplandı. Yapılan istatistiksel değerlendirmede cinsiyet (p= 0,023), yaş (p= 0,045; ≤35 ve >35 karşılaştırması), diyabet süresi (p= 0,04) ve HbA1c değeri (p= 0,023; <8 ve ≥8 karşılaştırması) ile B. hominis pozitifliği arasında anlamlı fark bulundu. Diyabetli hastalara ait 13 örneğin 10'unda (%76,9) ST1, üçünde (%23,07) ST2 belirlendi. Sonuç olarak diyabetli hastalarda B. hominis'in dikkate alınması gereken bir etken olduğu; 10 yıldan daha uzun süre diyabetli olanların bu parazit için daha fazla risk altında olduğu; tanıda PCR'ın yüksek sensitivite ve spesifiteye sahip olduğu ve mümkünse nativ-Lugol ya da trikrom boyama ile beraber kullanılmasının uygun olacağı anlaşılmıştır. Çalışmamızda asemptomatik diyabetli hastalarda en sık saptanan alt tip ST1 olarak belirlenmiş olmakla beraber bu sonuç diyabetli hastalarda B. hominis'in patojenitesinde alt tip faktörünün önemini ortaya koymak için yeterli görülmemiştir. Bu kapsamda hem diyabetli hem de immünitesi bozulmuş diğer hasta gruplarında çok daha geniş kapsamlı çalışmalar yapılmasına ihtiyaç vardır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Blastocystis hominis, Diyabet, Mikroskopi, PCR, Alt tip
Investigation of Enterocytozoon Bieneusi and Encephalitozoon Intestinalis in Patients With Immunocompromised Diarrhea by İfa and Real Time Pcr Methods
(2022) Aydemir, Selahattin; Cengiz, Zeynep Taş; Halidi, Ahmed Galip
Bu çalışmada IFA ve Real-Time PCR yöntemi kullanılarak immün sistemi bozulmuş ishalli hastalarda Enterocytozoon bieneusi ve Encephalitozoon intestinalis sıklığının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışma, 01.12.2019-01.12.2021 tarihleri arasında Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Parazitoloji Anabilim Dalı Araştırma Laboratuvarı, Muş Bulanık ve Bitlis Devlet Hastanesinde yürütüldü. Çalışmaya Muş Bulanık ve Bitlis Devlet Hastanesinin farklı kliniklerine başvurup Mikrobiyoloji ya da Parazitoloji Laboratuvarına yönlendirilen 18-85 yaş aralığında 88 immün sistemi baskılanmış ishalli (hasta grubu) hasta; 38 immün sistemi sağlam ishalli (kontrol grubu (KG) 1) hasta, 38 immün sistemi baskılanmış ishalli olmayan (KG 2) hasta ve 36 immün sistemi sağlam ishalli olmayan (KG 3) birey olmak üzere toplam 200 kişi dahil edildi. Toplanan dışkı örnekleri E.intestinalis ve E.bieneusi sıklığını belirlemek için IFA-MAbs ve Real Time PCR yöntemleriyle değerlendirildi. İncelenen 200 dışkı örneğinin 90'ı (%45) intestinal microsporidan parazitleri yönünden pozitif bulundu. Pozitif bulunan 90 örneğin 39'unda (%43,33) E. intestinalis, 29'unda (%32,22) E. bieneusi, birinde (%1,11) diğer microsporida türleri, 16'sında (%17,78) E. intestinalis ve E. bieneusi birlikte, dördünde (%4,44) E. intestinalis ve diğer mikrosporidia türleri birlikte, birinde (%1,11) ise E. bieneusi ve diğer mikrosporidia türleri birlikte saptandı. E. intestinalis pozitifliği ile cinsiyet, yaş, ishal durumu ve immün sistem durumu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmazken E. bieneusi pozitifliği ile sadece ishal durumu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki belirlendi. Real Time PCR yöntemi altın standart olarak kabul edildiğinde, IFA-MAbs yönteminin E. intestinalis tanısındaki sensitivitesi %94,54, spesifitesi 97,24, E. bieneusi tanısındaki sensitivitesi %95,45, spesifitesi %98,72 olarak bulundu. Ayrıca IFA-MAbs yönteminin genel doğruluk oranı E. intestinalis tanısı için %96,5 ve E. bieneusi tanısı için %98 olarak bulundu. Sonuç olarak, çalışmamızdan elde ettiğimiz bulgular E. intestinalis ve E. bieneusi'nin ishalli olan hem immünsüprese hem de sağlıklı bireylerde akla getirilmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca E. intestinalis ve E. bieneusi tanısı için Real Time PCR yöntemi yanı sıra IFA-MAbs yönteminin de kullanılabileceği anlaşılmıştır.
Investigation of Mitochondrial Cytb Gene Region of Both Echinococcus Granulosus Eggs From Dogs and Cystic Echinococcosis Isolates Obtained From Sheep and Cattle by Molecular Methods
(Iranian Scientific Society Medical Entomology, 2024) Yildiz, Rahmi; Aydemir, Selahattin; Halidi, Ahmet Galip; Unlu, Ahmet Hakan; Yilmaz, Hasan
Background:We aimed to determine the common Echinococcus granulosus genotypes in A & gbreve;r & imath;, T & uuml;rkiye and to obtain information on the transmission of this parasite. Methods:Cystic echinococcosissamples from 100 slaughtered cattle and 100 slaughtered sheep and faecal samples from 200 stray dogs were included in 2021. Collected cyst fluid samples and faces were examined microscopically. DNA was isolated from the germinal membrane of the cysts and from the parasite eggs in the stool samples. The mitochondrial cytbgene region of the parasite was amplified by PCR. Genotypes were determined using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) after sequence analysis of PCR amplicons. Results:The highest percentage of cysts was found in the lungs of sheep and the liver of cattle. In addition, 75% of sheep cysts and 25.6% of cattle cysts were fertile. Taenia spp./Echinococcus spp. eggs werefound in 6% of the faeces of 200 dogs ex-amined microscopically. E. granulosuseggs were detected in 4 out of 50 stool sam-ples analysed by PCR. All samples analysed by sequence analysis were identified as E. granulosuss.s. G1 genotype. Sequence comparisonrevealed revealed one or more-pointmutations in different regions of the five samples. Conclusion:E. granulosuss.s. G1 genotype, known as sheep strain, is common in the A & gbreve;r & imath;, T & uuml;rkiye. The controlled slaughter of livestock, especially sheep, and the avoidance of feeding hydatid cyst organs to dogs, together with public education, were necessary to prevent the spread of the disease.
Investigation of the Effect of Pasteurization on the Viability of Cryptosporidium Parvum in Cow's Milk by Propidium Monoazide Qpcr
(Ankara Microbiology Soc, 2023) Aydemir, Selahattin; Durmaz, Hisamettin; Aydemir, Mehmet Emin; Kilic Altun, Serap; Demir, Abdulbaki; Halidi, Ahmet Galip; Arslan, Ali
Cow's milk, which is one of today's most important food sources, can be a reservoir for many patho-gens that create a risk to public health. One of these pathogens is Cryptosporidium parvum. The oocysts of C.parvum, an obligate intracellular parasite, cause infection when ingested orally. The oocysts scattered around with the feces of infected cows or calves can contaminate raw milk and this is frequently seen in dairy farms. The aim of this study was to investigate the viability of C.parvum by propidium monoazide (PMA)-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method after heat treatment applied to contami- nated raw cow's milk. For the study, 50 ml of unpasteurized cow's milk was contaminated with 5 X 105 C.parvum oocysts and portioned into 1.5 ml microcentrifuge tubes. Three groups, namely the control group, pasteurization group and boiling group were formed. No warming procedure was applied to the control group. In the pasteurization group, the milks in microcentrifuge tubes were poured into the wells of the dry block heater set to 71.7 degrees C and incubated for five seconds. At the end of the period, the milks were transferred to the wells of the cold metal tube, which was removed at-20 degrees C with the help of a micropipette, and incubated for five seconds. The milks in the boiling group were incubated for two minutes in a dry block heater set to 95 degrees C. After the heat treatment, the milks in microcentrifuge tubes were transferred to 10 ml centrifuge tubes, PBS was added to make the final volume 10 ml, and centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 20 minutes. After this process was repeated twice, 400 mu l of PBS was added to the precipitate remaining at the bottom, and the precipitate was homogenized. One sample of each group was applied with PMA, while PMA was not applied to the other sample. PMA-applied samples were incubated for five minutes at room temperature and in the dark, and then exposed to UV light for five minutes in the device with cooling feature. The oocysts were collected by centrifugation at 5000 g for five minutes. After DNA isolation from oocysts, SYBR Green real time PCR (Rt-PCR) was performed using primers amplifying the COWP gene region. As a result of SYBR Green Rt-PCR, the mean Ct values of the control without PMA, pasteurization and boiling groups were determined as 25 +/- 1.24, 23 +/- 0.98 and 26 +/- 1.03, respectively. While no peak was obtained in the boiling group after PMA application, the mean Ct values of the control and pasteurization groups were 28 +/- 1.38 and 31 +/- 1.46, respectively. As a result, it was concluded that live C.parvum cysts in milk could be detected by PMA-qPCR method and live oocysts could be found in pasteurized milk.
Investigation of the Presence of Enterocytozoon Bieneusi and Encephalitozoon Intestinalis in Immunosuppressed Patients With Diarrhea by Ifa and Real Time Pcr Methods
(Elsevier, 2023) Aydemir, Selahattin; Halidi, Ahmed Galip; Ekici, Abdurrahman; Cengiz, Zeynep Tas
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the frequency of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon intestinalis in patients with diarrhea in the immunosuppressed.Methods: Patients between the ages of 18-85 who applied to different clinics of Mus, Bulanik and Bitlis State Hospitals and were referred to the microbiology or parasitology laboratory were selected for this study. A total of 200 individuals, including 88 immunosuppressed with diarrhea patients, 38 immunocompetent with diarrhea patients, 38 immunosuppressed without diarrhea patients, and 36 immunocompetent without diarrhea in-dividuals, were included. Collected stool samples were evaluated using IFA-MAbs and real-time PCR methods to determine the frequency of E.intestinalis and E.bieneusi.Results: E. intestinalis was detected in 59 (29.5%) of 200 samples and E. bieneusi was detected in 46 (23.0%) of them. Mixed infection was detected in 16 (8%) of the positive samples. While there was no statistically significant difference between E. intestinalis positivity and gender, age, diarrhea status and immune system status, a statis-tically significant relationship was determined between E. bieneusi positivity and diarrhea. When the real-time PCR method was accepted as the gold standard, the sensitivity of the IFA-MAbs method in the diagnosis of E.intestinalis was 94.54%, the specificity was 97.24, the sensitivity in the diagnosis of E. bieneusi was 95.45%, and the specificity was 98.72%. The overall accuracy of the IFA-MAbs method was 96.5% for the diagnosis of E.intestinalis and 98% for the diagnosis of E. bieneusi.Conclusions: The findings suggest that E. intestinalis and E. bieneusi should be considered in both immunosup-pressed and healthy individuals with diarrhea. IFA-MAbs method can be used in addition to the real-time PCR method to diagnose E. intestinalis and E. bieneusi.
Investigation of the Relationship Between Schizophrenia and Toxoplasmosis in Van Province, Turkey
(Ain Shams Univ, 2021) Ekici, Abdurrahman; Timucin, Damla K.; Gurbuz, Esra; Unlu, Ahmet; Aydemir, Selahattin; Yilmaz, Hasan
Background: Schizophrenia is a worldwide, serious neuropsychiatric disorder of unknown cause. Previous studies showed that infectious agents may play a role in its etiology. Among them, T. gondii was strongly hypothesized. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the IgG and IgM seroprevalence of T gondii in schizophrenia patients. Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted on 190 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia in Van province, Turkey. Also included as the control group were 100 healthy individuals. Anti-T gondii IgG and IgM antibody positivity was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in blood samples taken from both groups. Results: Anti-T gondii IgG antibody was detected in 120 schizophrenic patients (63.2%), and in 100 (29%) healthy controls. Anti-T gondii IgM antibody seropositivity was not detected in either group. Conclusion: In line with the data obtained in the study carried out in Van province, it was concluded that individuals infected with T gondii were more likely to develop schizophrenia. Further studies are recommended to prove the relationship between T. gondii and schizophrenia.
Molecular Characterization of Giardia Intestinalis and Cryptosporidium Spp. Detected in Humans in Ağrı, Türkiye
(Iranian Scientific Society Medical Entomology, 2024) Aydemir, Selahattin; Barlik, Fethi; Ekici, Abdurrahman; Barlik, Dilara Hande; Alkan, Sevil; Gurbuz, Esra; Yilmaz, Hasan
Background: We aimed to determine the prevalence of Giardia intestinalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in patients who admitted hospital with diarrhea and to gain information about the transmission of these parasites in Agri, Turkiye. Methods: This study included 184 patients who applied to Agri-Diyadin State Hospital, Turkiye in 2022. The immunochromatographic card test was used for detection of the G. intestinalis and Cryptosporidium spp. Nested PCR-RFLP analysis of the COWP gene and sequence analysis of the gp60 gene were used to genotype and subtype Cryptosporidium spp., whereas Nested PCR and sequence analyses of beta-giardin gene were used genotype G. intestinalis. Results: Of the 184 stool specimens examined, 12 (14.29%) and 7 (3.80%) were positive for G. intestinalis and Cryptosporidium spp., respectively. The Cryptosporidium species were identified as C. parvum belonging to the IId subtype family. The G. intestinalis were identified assemblages A. Conclusion: Assemblage A, which is associated with diarrhea, is responsible for giardiasis and C. parvum IId subtype, often found in sheep, goats and cattle, is responsible for cryptosporidiosis in Agri, Turkiye.
A Parasite That Should Not Be Neglected in Geriatric Individuals
(Saudi Med J, 2024) Aydemir, Selahattin; Ates, Nuriz; Ekici, Abdurrahman; Yilmaz, Hasan
Objectives: To highlight the importance of neglected Entamoeba histolytica ) E. histolytica( ( infections in the geriatric age group, which is an increasing proportion of the world's population. Methods: This study was carried out between January 2022 and December 2023 at Van Y & uuml;z & uuml;nc & uuml; Y & imath;l University, Faculty of Medicine, Parasitology Laboratory, Van, Turkey. The study included 96 geriatric patients with diarrhea )geriatric group(. Two different control groups )CGs( were also included in the study, comprising 92 patients aged 18-64 years with diarrhea as CG1 and 50 geriatric individuals without diarrhea and other gastrointestinal complaints as CG2. Samples were analysed macroscopically and then evaluated by microscopic, enzyme-linked immunoassay, and polymerase chain reaction. Results: This study detected E. histolytica in 31.3% of the geriatric group and 14.1% of the patients in CG1 )p=0.004(. p =0.004(. Entamoeba histolytica positivity was not detected in CG2. According to the multiple correspondence analysis, there was a close association between E. histolytica positivity and bloody diarrhea and mucous diarrhea in the geriatric patients. It was also determined that E. histolytica can cause abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and epigastric tenderness in geriatric patients. Conclusion: Both the risk of E. histolytica infection and the pathogenicity of the infection increase in geriatric individuals. Therefore, it was concluded that amoebiasis is a serious health problem in the geriatric population and should not be neglected.
Prevalence of Blastocystis Infection in Humans in Turkiye: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
(Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Aydemir, Selahattin; Barlik, Fethi; Yurekturk, Sehriban; Saygin, Murat; Unlu, Ahmet Hakan; Ekici, Abdurrahman; Yilmaz, Hasan
Although Blastocystis, a protozoan, is commonly found in all species of animals and in humans, there remains a lack of clear information about its epidemiology and routes of transmission. The aim of this meta-analysis study was to determine the changes in Blastocystis prevalence and subtype distribution in humans in T & uuml;rkiye according to geographical regions. Databases were searched using the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, and TRDizin to identify studies on the prevalence of Blastocystis in humans in T & uuml;rkiye published from 2009 to 2023. As a result of this systematic search, 117 of 730 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of human Blastocystis infection in T & uuml;rkiye was 13.08 %. The prevalence of the pool was higher in the Black Sea region, which is the most humid region in T & uuml;rkiye, than in other regions. Blastocystis subtypes were identified in a total of 885 positive samples. The most common subtypes (ST) in T & uuml;rkiye were ST3, ST1 and ST2, respectively. In addition to these ST4, ST5, ST6 and ST7 were also detected in humans in T & uuml;rkiye. In conclusion, the prevalence of Blastocystis in humans is high in T & uuml;rkiye, especially in the Black Sea region.
The Prevalence of House Dust Mites in Detached Houses in the Centre of Van
(2024) Karaman, Rezan Özcan; Aydemir, Selahattin
Karaman R. Ö. Van Merkezinde Bulunan Müstakil Meskenlerde Ev Tozu Akarlarının Görülme Sıklığı, Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tıp Fakültesi, Parazitoloji Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Van, 2022. Bu çalışma Van ilinde müstakil evler ile apartman dairelerinde akar yaygınlığını karşılaştırmak ve evlerde bulunan akar türlerini tespit etmek amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışma için Van ili İpekyolu ve Tuşba ilçelerinde bulunan rastgele seçilmiş 150'si tek katlı müstakil ev ve 100'ü apartman olmak üzere toplamda 250 evden toz örneği toplandı. Evlerden 1200 W emiş gücüne sahip elektrik süpürgesi ile toplanan örnekler akar türlerinin tespiti için Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Labaratuvarlarında laktik asit ile çözdürme yöntemi ile incelendi. Çalışmaya dahil edilen 150 müstakil evden alınan toz örneklerinin 15'inde (%10) ve 100 apartman dairesinden alınan toz örneklerinin 2'sinde (%2) olmak üzere toplamda 250 eve ait toz örneğinin 17'sinde (%6,8) akar saptandı. Saptanan akarlardan Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus'un baskın tür olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç olarak, Van ilinde ev tozu akar yoğunluğunu Türkiye ev tozu akar yoğunluğu ortalamasının altında olduğu ve apartman diarelerine göre müstakil evlerde akar yoğunluğunun daha fazla olduğu belirlendi.
Subtyping of Cryptosporidiumparvum Obtained From Humans and Calves in Van, Turkey
(Iranian Scientific Society Medical Entomology, 2022) Ekici, Abdurrahman; Unlu, Ahmet Hakan; Aydemir, Selahattin; Barlik, Fethi; Yilmaz, Hasan
Background: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium species detected in humans and calves in the Van region of Turkey.Methods: A total of 150 patients, comprising 60 who were immunosuppressed, 50 who were immunosuppressed and had diarrhea, and 40 who had only diarrhea, were enrolled in this study in the Department of Medical Parasitology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey. Stool samples were taken from the rectums of a total of 50 calves that had 30 diarrhea and 20 that did not have diarrhea, from the stables and farms of 10 central villages of Van, Turkey. All samples were analyzed using modified acid-fast staining, immunochromatographic test, and PCR. Cryptosporidium positive samples were also subtyped.Results: Only C. parvum subtypes were detected in all positive samples. C. parvum was detected in 30 (20%) of the 150 human stool samples, while it was detected in 5 (10%) of the 50 samples from the calves. The GP60 gene region was amplified and sent for sequence analysis to identify the C. parvum subtypes.Conclusion: As a result, C. parvum is found to be an active species that caused cryptosporidiosis is in the Van region. IIdA24G1 subtype of C. parvum were found in both human and calf. Therefore, due to the zoonotic feature of the C. parvum IIdA24G1 subtype, it has been shown that the calves in the region are a significant risk for humans.