Browsing by Author "Bakir, B."

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Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Diethyl-Ether Extracts of Helichrysum Plicatum Dc. and Tanacetum Balsamita L. in Rats
(Academic Journals inc, 2009) Karaca, M.; Ozbek, H.; Akkan, H. A.; Tutuncu, M.; Ozgokce, F.; Him, A.; Bakir, B.
The aim of this study was to investigate anti-inflammatory activity of the diethyl ether extract of Tanacetum balsamita L. subsp. (TB) and Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. (HP) in carrageenan-induced inflammation in rats. Lambda carrageenan (0.05 mL) was injected into the subplantar region of the right hind paw to induce inflammation. Control group and the reference group were administered isotonic saline solution and indomethacin, respectively. TB extract was injected in doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg kg(-1) in the groups TB-25, TB-50 and TB-100, respectively. HP-25 HP-50 and HP-100 groups were injected HP extract in doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg kg(-1). Before the injections and 3 h after the injections the volume of right hind-paw of rats was measured using a plethysmometer. TB and HP had anti-inflammatory effects matching to that of the reference agent at all doses. It was found that reduction in the inflammation was 95.21% with indomethacin, 51.93% with TB-25, 52.55% with TB-50, 61.51% with TB-100, 70.73% with HP-25, 73.15% with HP-50 and 82.90% with HP-100. Median effective dose (ED50) value of TB and HP were found to be 81.484 and 73.030 mg kg(-1), respectively. The results showed that Tanacetum balsamita L. subsp. and Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. had a significant anti-inflammatory activity.
Comparison of Fibrin Glue and Suture in the Healing of Teat Incisions in Lactating Goats
(M H Schaper Gmbh Co Kg, 2008) Alan, M.; Yener, Z.; Tasal, I; Bakir, B.
The aims of this study were to investigate whether fibrin glue can be used to close experimentally induced incisions of the teat (mammary papillae) in lactating goats and to compare the healing of the glued with the sutured incisions. Four clinically healthy lactating dairy goats, namely 8 mammary papillae were used. After surgical preparation of the papillae, a 3.5 cm long incision of each papilla was made through skin, muscular layer and mucosa into the papillary sinus. The wounds in the right papillae in all goats were closed with U-shaped uninterrupted 00 chromic catgut sutures. The wounds in the left papillae in all goats were closed, using fibrin glue. One incision was seen to be dehisced and fistulous one day after in fibrin glued teats. The animals were slaughtered 8 days after surgical manipulation. The mammary papillae were removed and examined in the viewpoint on gross and microscopic findings. The healing of wounds was slower and feeble in glued mammary papillary incisions, however faster and stronger in sutured incisions on day 8 after operations. But, available outcomes like less tissue thickness and positive cosmetic results could be obtained by fibrin glue used on mammary papillary incisions, which are very important for teats to be milked by hand and milking machine. Results suggest that it is advisable to use only one or two simple interrupted sutures in teat incisions glued with fibrin to prevent the dehiscence but with a more reliable healing than the sutured incisions.
Effect of Carboxymethylcellulose, Icodextrin and Hyaluronic Acid Solutions on Postoperative Intraabdominal Adhesion Formation in Rabbits and the Role of Cytokines in Intraabdominal Adhesion Formation
(Polskie Towarzystwo Nauk Weterynaryjnych, 2024) Karasu, A.; Altug, N.; Bakir, B.; Yener, Z.
In this study, the aim was to investigate the effects of 1% CMC, 4% ICO and 0.4% HA solutions in preventing postoperative IAs and their contribution to peritoneal wound healing, as well as the relationship of cytokines with the formation of postoperative IAs in rabbits. The material of the study consisted of 32 healthy rabbits. Rabbits underwent median laparotomy following general anesthesia. Serosal abraded was created at the antimesenteric border of the cecum. Next, a 3 × 2 cm peritoneum was excised on the right abdominal wall and the defect was closed using with a 2/0 silk suture. The rabbits were randomly assigned to either of the following four treatment groups: CNT (0.9% NaCl), ICO (4% icodextrin), HA (0.4% hyaluronic acid) and CMC (1% carboxymethyl cellulose). Both cecum and peritoneal surfaces were treated with 20 ml each of treatment solutions. On the 7th postoperative day, the rabbits were euthanized with a lethal dose of sodium pentobarbital and the degree of adhesion was evaluated. Samples taken from the peritoneal defect were examined histopathologically and tissue hydroxyproline levels were measured. Serum TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 levels were measured from blood samples taken before the surgery and at 1, 6, 24 and 48 hours after the surgery. It was observed that the adhesion grade in the HA group (p < 0.05) and CMC group (p < 0.01) was significantly lower than the control group. Although peritoneal tissue hydroxyproline levels were lower in the other groups compared to the control group, they were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In rabbits with adhesion formation, it was determined that TNF-α levels increased at the 6th postoperative hour (p < 0.05), and IL-6 levels increased at the 6th, 24th and 48th postoperative hours (p < 0.001) compared to preoperative. In this study, treating tissues with 0.4% HA and 1% CMC solutions suppressed peritoneal inflammation, and this resulted in an increase in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. It has been determined that the application of these solutions reduces postoperative adhesion formation. It was concluded that TNF-α and especially IL-6, which are proinflammatory cytokines, can be a non-invasive biomarker in determining postoperative IA formation and evaluating the adhesive process. © 2024 Polskie Towarzystwo Nauk Weterynaryjnych. All rights reserved.
Evaluation of the Anesthetic Effects of Xylazine-Ketamine, Xylazine-Tiletamine and Tiletamine-Zolazepam Using Clinical and Laboratory Parameters in Rabbits
(Polskie Towarzystwo Nauk Weterynaryjnych, 2018) Karasu, A.; Altug, N.; Aslan, L.; Bakir, B.; Yuksek, N.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the anesthetic effects of xylazine-ketamine (XK), xylazine-tiletamine-zolazepam (XTZ) and tiletamine-zolazepam (TZ) using hematological and biochemical parameters in rabbits. ' A total of 18 rabbits were divided into three equal treatment groups (n = 6). The rabbits in the XK, XTZ, and TZ groups were administered xylazine (5 mg/kg) and ketamine (50 mg/kg), xylazine (5 mg/kg) and TZ ; (15 mg/kg), and TZ (15 mg/kg), respectively, via the intramuscular route. Following the injection, their reflexes ; were tested every 5 minutes. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and body temperature were determined before ; the injection (0 min) and at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 120 min after injecting the anesthetic combinations. Furthermore, hematological and biochemical (alanine transaminase [ALT], aspartate transaminase [AST], alkaline phosphatase [ALP], bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen [BUN], and urea) analyses were also performed before, during, and after anesthesia administration. The duration of anesthesia and loss of reflexes were significantly longer in the XTZ group than in the other groups. However, in the TZ group, reflexes were remained. Respiratory rate and body temperature decreased in all the groups. Moreover, heart rate reduced only in the XK and XTZ groups, and the hematological parameters of all groups were comparable. Serum AST and ALP levels increased in the XTZ group compared to that in the XK and TZ groups, respectively. However, these increases were within the reference limits. The post-anesthesia serum BUN and urea levels significantly increased in the XTZ group (p < 0.05) compared to that in the other groups. Thus, although the XTZ combination provided satisfactory anesthetic effect in rabbits, it may be nephrotoxic. Therefore, its use for anesthesia induction in invasive renal procedures and experimental nephrotoxicity studies is not advisable. © 2018 Polskie Towarzystwo Nauk Weterynaryjnych. All rights reserved.
Extremity Problems in Ostrich Chicks and Their Treatment
(2009) Asian, L.; Genccelep, M.; Karasu, A.; Duz, E.; Alkan, I.; Bakir, B.
Extremity problems in 120 ostrich chicks were investigated in this study. Fledglings were followed for 1 year and extremity problems were evaluated as congenital or acquired. In the study, congenital lower extremity problems were found in 17.5% of the cases (both extremities extended sideways m 10 cases, 1 extremity extended sideways in 3 cases, one leg extended forward and the other back in 4 cases, big toe retrovert in 2 cases, 5th toe deviated towards underneath of the big toe, totaling to 21 cases) and acquired lower extremity problems in 19.64% of the cases (tibiotarsal luxation in 6 cases, tarsal bone fracture in 1 case, fractures in radius-ulna in 1 case, injuries of the extremities in 9 cases and arthritis in the tarsal joint in 2 cases and in proximal mterphalangeal joint in 3 cases, totaling to 22 cases). Extremity problems were found in 43 (35.83%) ostrich chicks out of 120 (congenital in 21 cases and acquired in 22). Of these 43 cases, it was observed that 29 (67.44%) were healed with the treatment applied, whereas, 14 (32.56%) did not heal. It was concluded in the study that the extremity problems causing great economic losses in ostrich husbandry can be minimized with prevention, early diagnosis and proper treatment. © Medwell Journals, 2009.
Investigation of the Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of Β-Caryophyllene
(2008) Bakir, B.; Him, A.; Özbek, H.; Düz, E.; Tütüncü, M.
The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of β-caryophyllene (trons-caryophyllene) in rats and mice. In our previous work, we demonstrated the anti-inflammatory activity of Eugenia caryophyllata essential oil. We performed this study in order to determine the component(s) (such as eugenol, β-caryophyllene, α-humuiene, eugenyl acetate) responsible for these activities. For the anti-inflammatory activity measurement, five different groups were established and β-caryophyllene was administered in three different doses: 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 ml/kg. Etodolac was used as reference agent. For the analgesic activity measurement, four different groups were established and β-caryophyllene was administered in two different doses: 0.05 and 0.1 ml/kg. Morphine was used as reference agent. Etodolac showed the strongest anti-inflammatory activity among the drugs used.The strongest anti-inflammatory activity of β-caryophyllene was seen with 0.1 ml/kg dosage. The median effective dose (ED50) value of β-caryophyllene was found to be 0.0745 ml/kg. Morphine showed the strongest analgesic activity, but β-caryophyllene did not show analgesic activity at any of the dosages. As a result, it is concluded that β-caryophyllene is a molecule having anti-inflammatory activity, but with no analgesic properties. © Essential Oil Resource Consultants. All rights reserved.
Protection of Intestinal Anastomoses in Septic Environment With Peritoneal Graft and Polyglycolic Acid Mesh : an Experimental Study
(ARSMB-KVBMG, 1996) Dilek, O.N.; Bakir, B.; Dilek, F.H.; Demirel, H.; Yiǧit, M.F.
We carried out an experimental study in dogs to evaluate the outcome of large bowel anastomosis with 6 stitches (Group C, n : 6) in a septic environment with protection by a polyglycolic acid (PGA) mesh (Group M, n : 12) or peritoneal graft (Group P, n : 12). Thirty dogs were used to compare the techniques. Two dogs in each group were re-operated after 3, 5, 7, 14, 28 and 90 days. They were evaluated for adhesion formation, lumen diameter (anastomotic index), clinical features, histologic appearance and quality of healing at the anastomotic sites. All dogs in group P and group M survived, whereas 2 dogs in the control group died of anastomotic leakage and 3 dogs were re-operated for anastomotic leakage and peritonitis. In group M, one dog was reoperated because of the anastomotic leakage and two dogs were reoperated because of the anastomotic stenosis. Also, 4 anastomoses showed evidence of moderate stenosis. In group P, three anastomoses were graded as minimal stenosis. Histopathologic evaluation showed more complete epithelization, less inflammation, and less adhesion in group P than group M. We could not find any study in the literature that described and compared both techniques. We report here the results of such a study.