Browsing by Author "Baklan, Emin Ayhan"
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Article An Evaluation of the Lineage of Brucella Isolates in Turkey by a Whole-Genome Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis(Mdpi, 2024) Akar, Kadir; Holzer, Katharina; Hoelzle, Ludwig E.; Oz, Gulseren Yildiz; Abdelmegid, Shaimaa; Baklan, Emin Ayhan; Elkhayat, ManarBrucellosis is a disease that is commonly found in Turkey among both humans and animals. It causes significant economic losses in the livestock industry and is of great public health concern. This study focused on analyzing the genetic makeup of Brucella isolates from Turkey using a core-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism (cgSNP) analysis. This analysis showed potential links between the Turkish isolates and those from neighboring countries and other parts of the world. This highlights the importance of implementing strict measures to control the spread of brucellosis throughout the country. Brucellosis is a disease caused by the Brucella (B.) species. It is a zoonotic disease that affects farm animals and causes economic losses in many countries worldwide. Brucella has the ability to persist in the environment and infect the host at low doses. Thus, it is more important to trace brucellosis outbreaks, identify their sources of infection, and interrupt their transmission. Some countries already have initial data, but most of these data are based on a Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis (MLVA), which is completely unsuitable for studying the Brucella genome. Since brucellosis is an endemic disease in Turkey, this study aimed to examine the genome of Turkish Brucella isolates collected between 2018 and 2020, except for one isolate, which was from 2012. A total of 28 strains of B. melitensis (n = 15) and B. abortus (n = 13) were analyzed using a core-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism (cgSNP) analysis. A potential connection between the Turkish isolates and entries from Sweden, Israel, Syria, Austria, and India for B. melitensis was detected. For B. abortus, there may be potential associations with entries from China. This explains the tight ties found between Brucella strains from neighboring countries and isolates from Turkey. Therefore, it is recommended that strict measures be taken and the possible effects of uncontrolled animal introduction are emphasized.Article Genomic Analysis of Brucella Isolates From Animals and Humans, Türkiye, 2010 To 2020(Eur Centre Dis Prevention & Control, 2024) Akar, Kadir; Brangsch, Hanka; Jamil, Tariq; Oz, Guelseren Yildiz; Baklan, Emin Ayhan; Eroglu, Buket; Wareth, GamalBackground: Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis causing severe illness in humans and animals and leading to economic losses in the livestock production in T & uuml;rkiye and other endemic countries. Aim: We aimed at investigating genomic differences of Brucella isolates from animals and humans in T & uuml;rkiye. Methods: We used whole genome sequencing (WGS) to assess the genetic diversity of Brucella isolates from 41 provinces in T & uuml;rkiye and compared with isolates from other countries. We applied allele-based typing and core genome single nucleotide polymorphism (cgSNP) determination. Results: Of the 106 Turkish Brucella isolates included, 57 were B. abortus and 49 were B. melitensis. . One B. melitensis and two B. abortus isolates were identified as vaccine strains. Most (n = 55) B. abortus isolates clustered in three major branches, with no spatial discernible pattern. Of the B. melitensis isolates, , 48 were assigned to the Eastern Mediterranean lineage with no discernible patterns between host species, location and sampling date. The Turkish isolates clustered with isolates from neighbouring countries such as Greece and Syria, but some also with isolates from human patients in European countries, like Germany, Norway and Sweden, suggesting that the source may be travel- related. Conclusion: Several B. melitensis and B. abortus lineages are circulating in T & uuml;rkiye. To decrease the prevalence and prevent brucellosis in animals and humans, stricter control measures are needed, particularly in areas where humans and animals have close contact. Furthermore, illegal transportation of animals across borders should be more closely controlled and regulated.Article Investigation of Brucella Spp. Presence of Amphibians Collected From Some Regions in Türkiye(2024) Akar, Kadir; Yücetepe, Ayfer Güllü; Öz, Gülseren Yıldız; Baklan, Emin Ayhan; Eroglu, Buket; Atıl, Eray; Erdenlig, SevilBrucellosis is a zoonotic disease that causes economic losses in many countries worldwide, especially in livestock. Firstly, the African bullfrog and then B. inopinata and B. microti-like strains have been identified in various frog species worldwide. This study aimed to determine the presence of Brucella in amphibian frogs for the first time in Türkiye by bacteriological and molecular methods. Internal organ samples (spleen, liver, lung, kidney, etc.) of 150 frogs from different regions of Türkiye (Edirne/Ipsala (53 pieces), Adıyaman/Kâhta (97 pieces)) were used for the isolation of Brucella spp. As a result of Brucella genus-specific PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and Multiplex PCR methods performed with these extracts, no positivity was detected in the frog samples taken from Edirne province, while in 4 of the frog samples taken from Adıyaman province, bands of approximately 250, 600, 700, 1000, 1500 and 3000 bp were observed in Multiplex PCR. Sphingomonas paucimobilis (S. paucimobilis) was identified by analysing the culture obtained from these samples with VITEK®2:Healtcare. As a result, the presence of Brucella spp. could not be detected both bacteriologically and molecularly in the study samples. However, observing similar multiple bands in multiplex PCR suggested that this bacterium and Brucella species are phylogenetically close. It was determined that S. paucimobilis, which belongs to the same class as Brucella species under the Alphaproteobacteria, may be dangerous for people who work on farms where frogs are raised for human consumption. This is because the bacteria can cause opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised humans. Therefore, it may be imperative to take the appropriate precautions.