Browsing by Author "Balta, F."

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Analysis of Sugar Composition in Nut Crops
(Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2008) Kazankaya, Ahmet; Balta, Mehmet Fikret; Yoeruek, I. H.; Balta, F.; Battal, P.
This study evaluated some fruit traits and kernel sugar components in nut crops (pistachio, walnut, hazelnut and almond) collected from different accessions of Turkey. Pistachio varieties had 0.44-0.64 kernel weight and 49.4-59.4 % kernel percentage. Walnut genotypes had 5.80-7.20 g kernel weight and 45.0-46.4 % kernel percentage. Kernel weights and kernel percentages recorded for hazelnut (Tombul var.) and almond (E-1) were 0.98 and 1.14 g and 51.5 and 26.8 %, respectively. Kernel sugar components were detected by using HPLC. Pistachio kernels belonging to different varieties contained 1.13 (Ohadi)-5.04 (Siirt) g/100 g fructose, 1.01 (Siirt) - 4.25 (Kirmizi) g/100 g glucose, 2.58 (Uzun) - 4.74 (Buttum) g/100 g sucrose and 0.26 (Kirmizi) - 0.99 (Halebi) g/100 g maltose. Walnut genotypes contained 0.35-2.67 g/100 g fructose, 0.13-6.26 g/100 g glucose, 1.76-4.17 g/100 g sucrose and 0.23-0.74 g/100 g maltose. Sugar components of hazelnut and almond were 0.80 and 4.00 g/100 g fructose, 1.52 and 0.86 g/100 g glucose, 2.91 and 3.23 g/100 g sucrose, 0.91 and 1.08 g/100 g maltose, respectively. Amounts of sugar components and the mean sugars varied to varieties, genotypes and different accessions.
Anatomical and Histological Investigations on the Effects of Stratification Substrates on Final Take and Quality of Grafted Vines
(TUBITAK, 2000) Cangi, R.; Balta, F.; Doǧan, A.
This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of water, sawdust and pumice as stratification substrates on the success of callusing, final take and quality of grafted vines of the Hafizali and Ercis, grape cultivars grafted on Kober 5BB rootstock. The anatomical and histological development of the graft union was investigated at 21, 28, 35 and 42 days after grafting in all combinations. As for the results of the anatomical and histological investigations, it was observed that the cambial continuity between graft components in all combinations was mostly established in 21 days, and completed in 28-35 days in water and sawdust. Although water and sawdust were found to be better than pumice, water is recommended as the optimum stratification substrate.
Biochemical Composition Influenced by Different Locations in Uzun Pistachio Cv. (Pistacia Vera L.) Grown in Turkey
(Academic Press inc Elsevier Science, 2006) Seferoglu, S.; Seferoglu, H. G.; Tekintas, F. E.; Balta, F.
Uzun is one of the major pistachio varieties of Turkey. In this study conducted in seven different locations of the Buyuk Menderes River Basin of western Anatolia (Turkey), some biochemical and fruit quality traits were assessed. Biochemical contents such as protein, fat, dry matter and ash contents, unsaturated and saturated fatty acid compositions in this variety were determined based on locations over a period of 2 years. Biochemical composition such as protein, fat, dry matter and ash contents differed significantly by locations (P < 0.05). The mean protein content ranged from 23.2%-31.7%. The mean fat content varied from 46.8%-66.5%. The unsaturated fatty acid composition as percent showed averagely a range of 72.2-75.0 for oleic acid, 11.2-13.1 for linoleic acid, 0.27-0.34 for linolenic acid, 0.21-0.28 for arachidic acid, 0.40-0.43 for gadoleic acid and 0.11-0.14 for behenic acid depending on locations. The saturated fatty acids as percent composed a range of 0.06-0.08 in myristic acid, 8.25-9.52 in palmitic acid, 0.59-0.76 in palmitoleic acid, 0.05-0.07 in heptadecanoic acid and 2.36-3.71 in stearic acid. The contents of saturated fatty acids (palmitic, palmitoleic and stearic) except for myrictic and heptadecanoic acid, and all unsaturated fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, linolenic, arachidic and behenic) except for gadoleic acid also differed significantly by locations (P < 0.05). Consequently, the biochemical composition was significantly affected by different growing areas. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Comparison of Rooting Capabilities of Turkish Tea Clones
(TUBITAK, 2002) Altindal, E.; Balta, F.
In this study, single leaf cuttings of 10 Turkish tea (Camellia sinensis) clones Hamzabey-1, Ardeşen-1, Fener-3, Hayrat-1, Çiftekavak-1, Muradiye-10, Tuǧlali-10, Gündoǧdu-3, Kömürcüler-1 and Derepazari-7 were rooted under greenhouse conditions at seven different collection times without using any plant hormones. The cuttings were collected on 28 August, 4 September, 11 September, 19 September, 25 September, 4 October and 10 October. Rooted plants were removed from rooting medium in mid- May. Plant survival, root dry weight, shoot dry weight and shooting percentage were recorded depending on the tea clones and collection times. The highest survival percentage by mean values of collection times was obtained from cuttings planted on 25 September (92.3%), followed by 19 September (84.3%), 10 October (83.6%), 4 October (79.2%) and 11 September (78.9%). Çiftekavak-1 had a higher mean plant survival ratio (92.83%) than other clones, and this was followed by Hayrat-1 (90.93%). Muradiye-10 (88.54%), Gündoǧdu-3 (87.59%). Tuǧlali-10 (79.97%) and Ardeşen-1 (79.00%). In addition, the survival percentage and shooting percentage were 100% for cuttings of Hayrat-1 planted on 11 September, Çiftekavak-1 and Hayrat-1 planted on 19 September, and Çiftekavak-1 and Muradiye-10 planted on 25 September. The clone Çiftekavak-1 had the highest root dry weight (1.99 g) and shoot dry weight (0.93 g) per cutting by mean values at all collection times, and is recommended to the tea farmers.
Determination of Fatty Acid Compositions, Oil Contents and Some Quality Traits of Hazelnut Genetic Resources Grown in Eastern Anatolia of Turkey
(Academic Press inc Elsevier Science, 2006) Balta, M. F.; Yarilgac, T.; Askin, M. A.; Kucuk, M.; Balta, F.; Ozrenk, K.
Located in eastern Anatolia, Bitlis province presents microclimatic conditions for hazelnut cultivation. This microclimatic zone results from the mild effects of Lake Van and Suphan Mountain. With native hazelnut population of 2750 da, Hizan County is surrounded by high mountains, and is a special microclimatic zone where all plantations consisting of thousands of hazelnut plants are native. Bitlis can therefore be said to be rich in wild genetic resources of hazelnut. The aim of this study was to select promising genotypes within the native hazelnut population, describe the desirable nut characteristics, and provide some chemical traits with respect to nutritional values for future breeding efforts. In this study, some nut quality characteristics, protein, ash and oil contents, and fatty acid compositions of 20 Corylus avellana L. genotypes selected from native hazelnut population of Bitlis (eastern Anatolia, Turkey) were described. The hazelnut genotypes showed nut weight in a range from 1.85 to 3.63 g; kernel weight, 0.80-1.46 g; kernel percentage, 32.26-46.11 %; shell thickness, 1.20-2.04 mm; nut length, 16.1-23.4 mm; nut width, 15.9-21.0 mm; nut thickness, 12.9-18.5 mm; kernel length, 13.0-18.7 mm; kernel width, 10.3-15.4 mm; kernel thickness, 9.4-12.8 mm; nut shape index, 0.99-1.50; kernel shape index, 0.96-1.73; shrivelled kernel, 0-10%, and double kernels, 0-6%. With respect to nutritional analyses, the hazelnuts contained oil in the range from 57.5% to 74.1%; protein, 15.7-19.2%, ash, 0.79-3.21%; palmitic acid, 4.39-8.85%; stearic acid, 1.67-3.18%; oleic acid, 73.48-81.57%; linoleic acid, 10.46-14.95%: linolenic acid, 0.02-0.34%, and myristic acid, 0.01-0.16%. All genotypes had light-brown colored kernels, and kernel flavor was "medium satisfactory" and "satisfactory". The findings revealed that some genotypes are promising in nut and kernel characteristics as well as in nutritional value for future breeding efforts. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Fatty Acid Composition Affected by Kernel Weight in Almond [Prunus Dulcis (Mill.) D.a.!webb.] Genetic Resources
(Academic Press inc Elsevier Science, 2007) Askin, M. A.; Balta, M. F.; Tekintas, F. E.; Kazankaya, A.; Balta, F.
Twenty-six almond [Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb.] genotypes were selected from Elazig province located on eastern Anatolia region of Turkey in 1999 and 2001. Their fatty acid compositions were determined in relation to kernel weight and shell thickness. They had a range of 0.50-1.34 g in kernel weight, 1.96-4.66 mm in shell thickness, 16.07-31.46% in protein content and 25.19-60.77% in oil content. In addition, their kernels contained 5.46-15.78% palmitic acid, 0.36-2.52 palmitoleic acid, 0.80-3.83% stearic acid, 50.41-81.20% oleic acid and 6.21-37.13% linoleic acid. Linolenic acid in two genotypes and myristic acid in six genotypes were detected. In genotypes classified according to their kernel weights, relationships among fatty acid contents, fat content, kernel weight and shell thickness were also studied using correlation coefficients and regression analyses. Findings revealed that contents of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid were significantly influenced by kernel weight. Contents of palmitic acid and stearic acid were negatively correlated with shell thickness, and oleic acid content was positively correlated with shell thickness. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Fatty Acids, Tocopherols, Selenium and Total Carotene of Pistachios (P. Vera L.) From Diyarbakir (Southestern Turkey) and Walnuts (J. Regia L.) From Erzincan (Eastern Turkey)
(Sage Publications Ltd, 2012) Ozrenk, K.; Javidipour, I.; Yarilgac, T.; Balta, F.; Gundogdu, M.
In this study, 14 well-adapted genotypes of pistachio (Pistachio vera L.) grown in Diyarbakir (Southeastern Turkey) and 15 walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes grown in Erzincan (Eastern Turkey) have been studied. Pistachio genotypes contained 8.16-9.33% palmitic acid, 0.54-0.68% palmitoleic acid, 2.35-4.21% stearic acid, 67.81-76.82% oleic acid, 9.42-18:32% linoleic acid, 0.27-0.38% linolenic acid and 0.19-0.33 % arachidic acid. The range of selenium, alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, delta-tocopherol, alpha-tocotrienoid, gamma-tocotrienoid and total carotenoid of these promising genotypes were found to be between 11.44 and 190.71 ng/g, 1.36 and 26.93, 36.17 and 170, 0.45 and 2.61, 0.96 and 3.76, 2.33 and 37.72 and 1.01 and 4.93 mg/kg, respectively. Linoleic acid ranging from 43.19% to 53.16% was the most abundant fatty acid in 15 pomologically selected walnut genotypes, followed by oleic and linolenic acids (31.91% and 11.46%, respectively). Their selenium contents ranged between 7.25 and 57.67 ng/g. gamma-Tocopherol was the predominant tocopherol in walnut genotypes. Pistachio and walnut genotypes with higher unsaturated fatty acids, tocopherols and selenium contents may be valuable for nutritional breeding efforts.
Free Sugar Compositions Based on Kernel Taste in Almond Genotypes Prunus Dulcis From Eastern Turkey
(Springer, 2009) Balta, F.; Battal, P.; Balta, M. Fikret; Yoruk, H. I.
Seed Oil Profiles of Five Rose Hip Species (Rosa Spp.) From Hakkari, Turkey
(Wfl Publ, 2010) Celik, F.; Balta, F.; Ercisli, S.; Kazankaya, A.; Javidipour, I.
The seed oil of rose hip is mainly used for cosmetic and medicinal purposes. This study deals with detecting the seed oil contents of five rose hip species growing in Hakkari, Eastern Turkey. By GC, seed oil contents were determined as 4.97% for Rosa canina, 5.26% for Rosa dumalis var. boissieri, 6.59% for Rosa pulverulanta, 5.44% for Rosa iberica, and 7.95% for Rosa heckeliana subsp. vanheurckiana. Seeds contained 4.25-5.15% of palmitic acid, 0.22-0.89% of palmitoleic acid, 1.80-2.43% of stearic acid, 20.35-23.03% of oleic acid, 41.14-51.06% of linoleic acid, 19.66-23.83% of linolenic acid, and 0.94-1.29% of arachidic acid depending on the species. The contents of saturated fatty acid were between 7.39% (Rosa heckeliana subsp. vanheurciana) and 8.84% (Rosa dumalis var. boissieri). The contents of unsaturated fatty acids ranged from 83.28% (Rosa dumalis var. boissieri) to 91.57% (Rosa heckeliana subsp. vanheurciana). The oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids were major fatty acids in all rose hip species.