Browsing by Author "Balta, Mehmet Fikret"

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Analysis of Sugar Composition in Nut Crops
(Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2008) Kazankaya, Ahmet; Balta, Mehmet Fikret; Yoeruek, I. H.; Balta, F.; Battal, P.
This study evaluated some fruit traits and kernel sugar components in nut crops (pistachio, walnut, hazelnut and almond) collected from different accessions of Turkey. Pistachio varieties had 0.44-0.64 kernel weight and 49.4-59.4 % kernel percentage. Walnut genotypes had 5.80-7.20 g kernel weight and 45.0-46.4 % kernel percentage. Kernel weights and kernel percentages recorded for hazelnut (Tombul var.) and almond (E-1) were 0.98 and 1.14 g and 51.5 and 26.8 %, respectively. Kernel sugar components were detected by using HPLC. Pistachio kernels belonging to different varieties contained 1.13 (Ohadi)-5.04 (Siirt) g/100 g fructose, 1.01 (Siirt) - 4.25 (Kirmizi) g/100 g glucose, 2.58 (Uzun) - 4.74 (Buttum) g/100 g sucrose and 0.26 (Kirmizi) - 0.99 (Halebi) g/100 g maltose. Walnut genotypes contained 0.35-2.67 g/100 g fructose, 0.13-6.26 g/100 g glucose, 1.76-4.17 g/100 g sucrose and 0.23-0.74 g/100 g maltose. Sugar components of hazelnut and almond were 0.80 and 4.00 g/100 g fructose, 1.52 and 0.86 g/100 g glucose, 2.91 and 3.23 g/100 g sucrose, 0.91 and 1.08 g/100 g maltose, respectively. Amounts of sugar components and the mean sugars varied to varieties, genotypes and different accessions.
Nitrate and Nitrite Levels of Some Fruit Species Grown in Van, Turkey
(Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2008) Dogan, Adnan; Kazankaya, Ahmet; Balta, Mehmet Fikret; Celik, Ferit
The levels of nitrates and nitrites were evaluated in some fruits including apple, apricot, peach, nectarine, pear, grape and sour cherry. For investigation, the fruits were collected from July to October based on their harvest seasons and analyzed using cadmium acetate column. The levels of nitrates and nitrites were expressed in mg/kg as wet-basis. Apple, pear, peach and nectarine and grape fruits contained in fresh matter, 3.01-24.36, 0.00-12.09, 0.00-56.39, 0.54-45.02, 0.00-1.92, 0.00-80.90 mg NO3/kg, respectively. The levels of nitrites were 0.00-0.198, 0.00-0.123, 0.00-0.231, 0.00-0.096, 6.00-0.064, 0.00-0.261 mg NO2/kg for the fruits of apple, sour cherry, apricot, peach and nectarine and grape, respectively. The levels of nitrates and nitrites of the fruits delivered to street market from the other regions were 24,30-92.80 and 0.284-1.741 mg/kg that were lower than that of the fruits grown in the district of Van. The levels of nitrates and nitrites of all fruits were under the harmful levels to human health.
Phytochemical Variation of Native Apple Germplasm Resources From the Eastern Black Sea Region, Turkey
(Springer, 2022) Balta, Mehmet Fikret; Karakaya, Orhan; Kurt, Haydar; Yilmaz, Muharrem; Uzun, Serkan; Balta, Fikri
In order to contribute more to human health, revealing the nutritional potential of fruit germplasm sources that have rich phytochemical compounds has gained importance today and has become one of the breeding objectives of various fruit species. Many nutritional components of wild apples have been considered as useful sources for apple breeding efforts, but studies on the phytochemical compounds of native apple genetic resources grown in local areas are limited. This study was carried out to investigate the phytochemical compounds of 19 native apple genotypes grown in Giresun in the eastern Black Sea region of Turkey and to compare them with those of three commercial varieties ('Granny Smith', 'Fuji', and 'Royal Gala'). The total phenolic contents of the genotypes ranged from 141.7 mg per 100 g (Yesilsut) to 1036.8 mg per 100 g (Cipir). Antioxidant activity was determined to be between 505.6 mu mol per 100 g (Ahmet) and 5041.8 mu mol per 100 g (Cipir). The total flavonoids ranged between 11.2 mg per 100 g (Beyaz) and 95.3 mg per 100 g (Maden). Uzun had the highest content of malic acid (15.33 g l(-1)) and tartaric acid (1.008 g l(-1)). The highest values for succinic acid and oxalic acid were detected in Cipir (1.192 g l(-1) and 0.484 g l(-1), respectively). Most of the native apple genotypes had higher levels of phytochemical compounds than those of standard apple cultivars. Principal component analysis showed that the phytochemical components could effectively explain the variability among the native apple genotypes, which exhibited wide variation in terms of phytochemical compounds. Most genotypes contained higher levels of phytochemical compounds than standard apple cultivars. The data imply that the native apple genotypes are an important source of phytochemical compounds and that native apple genotypes with higher contents of bioactive compounds can be used as genetic material for apple breeding programs. They might contribute to the development of new apple cultivars with enhanced health benefits.
Studies on Breeding by Selection of Native Almonds (Prunus Amygdalus L.) Grown in Central Elazığ and Ağın District
(2002) Balta, Mehmet Fikret; Aşkın, M. Atilla
Bu araştırma, Elazığ Merkez ve Ağın ilçesi doğal badem populasyonlarında ümitvar badem genotiplerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla, 1998 ile 2001 yılları arasında Elazığ Merkez ve Ağın ilçesinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, badem ıslah amaçları doğrultusunda populasyon incelenmiş ve 84 genotip ümitvar olarak seçilmiştir. Seçilen genotiplerde çiçeklerime, meyve ve ağaç özellikleri incelenmiştir. Seçilen genotiplerde tam çiçeklenme, 1999 yılında 15 Mart (EL-131) ile 22 Mart (EL-301, EL-308, EL-314), 2000 yılında 6 Nisan (EL-363) ile 19 Nisan (EL-334, EL-331), 2001 yılında ise 05 Nisan (EL-131, EL-156) ile 17 Nisan (EL-336, EL-334, EL-331) tarihleri arasında gerçekleşmiştir. Genotiplerin tam çiçeklenme tarihleri arasında 1999 yılında 8, 2000 yılında 14 ve 2001 yılında da 13 günlük farklar belirlenmiştir. 1150 m rakımda yetişen EL-334, EL-336 ve EL-331 en geç çiçeklenen genotipler olarak saptanmıştır Seçilen 84 badem genotipinde kabuklu meyve kalınlığı 11.99-19.48 mm, kabuklu meyve genişliği 18.46-28.38 mm, kabuklu meyve boyu 23.57-45.94 mm, iç badem kalınlığı 4.96-9.18 mm, iç badem genişliği 11.72-17.10 mm, iç badem boyu 18.72-29.44 mm, kabuklu meyve ağırlığı 1.80-8.24 g, iç badem ağırlığı 0.80-1.34 g, iç oranı % 12.98-48.01, kabuk kalınlığı 1.85-5.54 mm, çift iç oranı % 0-66, ve 1 onz'a (28.3 g) giren iç badem sayısı 21-35 arasında saptanmıştır. İç badem rengi 4 genotipte çok açık, 22 genotipte açık; iç badeni tadı 68 genotipte tatlı olarak belirlenmiştir. Seçilen 30 genotipin meyveleri az tüylü, 43 genotipin iç meyveleri düzgün ve 53 genotipin de kolay kavladığı belirlenmiştir. Ağaç şekli 54 genotipte dik-yayvan, 25 genotipte dik ve 5 genotipte de yayvan olarak belirlenirken, hasat tarihleri Ağustos sonu ve Eylül başı olarak kaydedilmiştir. Tartılı derecelendirme sonucunda seçilen genotipler, çiçeklenme durumuna göre 578 ile 906, meyve kalite özelliklerine göre ise 578 ile 874 arasında puan almışlardır. Genotip meyvelerinde oleik asit içeriği % 50.41-81.2, linoleik asit içeriği % 6.21-37.13, palmitik asit içeriği % 5.46-15.78, stearik asit içeriği % 0.80-3.83 ve palmitoleik asit içeriği de % 0.36-2.52 arasında saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, meyve karakterlerinin kalıtımı hakkında bilgi veren tekrarlanma derecesi de populasyonda meyve ağırlığı için 0.550, kabuk kalınlığı için 0.565, iç oranı için 0.652 ve çift iç oranı için de 0.633 olarak hesap edilmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: badem, seleksiyon, genotip, çiçeklenme, Elazığ, Ağın
Sugar Contents of Juniper Plants
(Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2008) Tuerkoglu, Nalan; Balta, Mehmet Fikret; Cig, Arzu
The contents of free sugar has been confirmed inside the fresh foliage and berry samples gathered from the tree types which are naturally growing in different locations of the province Van and from the tall juniper which is one of the types of Turkish frost trees. It is determined that the average fructose content inside the fresh needle foliage is 44.0-70.2 mg/100 g, average sucrose is 10.0-25.0 mg/100 g, average glucose 22.0-26.0 mg/100 g and average di-glucose (maltoz) content is 5.0-17.0 mg/100 g. It has been found that the free sugar content of berry is higher than the sugar content of foliage, except di-glucose.
Tocopherol Contents of Almond Genetic Resources From Eastern and Western Turkey
(Springer, 2019) Celik, Ferit; Balta, Mehmet Fikret; Ercisli, Sezai; Gundogdu, Muttalip; Karakaya, Orhan; Yavic, Adnan
This study was conducted in almond genetic resources selected from Eastern and Western Turkey. 71 (Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb) genotypes were selected from Balikesir (Western Turkey) and Tunceli (Eastern Turkey) districts in 2012. Alpha (alpha)-tocopherol, gamma (gamma)-tocopherol, delta (delta)-tocopherol and alpha (alpha)-tocotrienols and total vitamin E content were investigated in the selected almond genotypes. 38 almond genotypes from Balikesir province had alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, gamma tocopherol, alpha-tocotrienols and total vitamin E content to be from non detectable to 1164.36mg kg(-1) oil, non detectable to 130.03mg kg(-1) oil, non detectable to 81.38mg kg(-1) oil, non detectable to 1252.24mg kg(-1) oil, respectively. 33 almond genotypes from Tunceli district showed alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, alpha-tocotrienols and total vitamin E content to be between non-detectable and 1085.92mg kg(-1) oil, non detectable and 21.12mg kg(-1) oil, non detectable and 91.26mg kg(-1) oil, 0.86 and 1191.81mg kg(-1) oil, respectively. Delta tocopherol content was not detectable in almond genotypes selected from Balikesir and Tunceli provinces. BKS-3, BKS-16 and TUN-15 genotypes showed higher tocopherol content in comparison to the other genotypes tested. We can say that these genotypes could be a useful source for the future breeding projects in developing almond cultivars with high tocopherol content.