Browsing by Author "Battal, P."

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Allelopathic Effects of Plants Extracts on Physiological and Cytological Processes During Maize Seed Germination
(Allelopathy Journal, 2008) Turker, M.; Battal, P.; Agar, G.; Gulluce, M.; Sahin, F.; Erez, M. E.; Yildirim, N.
The methanol extracts (3.3, 5.6 and 10.0%) of Berberis vulgaris L., Mentha longfolia (L) Huds., Salvia limbata C.A. Mey., Artemisia absinthium L., Achillea biebersteinii Afan., Origanum vulgare L., Medicago sativa L., Vicia cracea (Desf.) B. Fedtsch were applied to maize (Zea mays L.) seeds to determine their effects on radical, plumule growth, contents of phytohormones [giberellic acid equivalents (GAs), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), trans-zeatin (t-Z) and abscisic acid (ABA)], carbohydrates (glucose, fructose and sucrose), fatty acids, (palmitic acid and oleic acid), mitotic index and chromosome abnormalities as compared to control. The 5.0 and 10.0 % extracts inhibited the germination. The extracts also decreased the length of plumule and radicals. However, there were variable effects on plant hormones, fatty acids and sugar levels. Plant extracts decreased the mitotic index and also caused abnormalities in chromosomes.
Analysis of Sugar Composition in Nut Crops
(Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2008) Kazankaya, Ahmet; Balta, Mehmet Fikret; Yoeruek, I. H.; Balta, F.; Battal, P.
This study evaluated some fruit traits and kernel sugar components in nut crops (pistachio, walnut, hazelnut and almond) collected from different accessions of Turkey. Pistachio varieties had 0.44-0.64 kernel weight and 49.4-59.4 % kernel percentage. Walnut genotypes had 5.80-7.20 g kernel weight and 45.0-46.4 % kernel percentage. Kernel weights and kernel percentages recorded for hazelnut (Tombul var.) and almond (E-1) were 0.98 and 1.14 g and 51.5 and 26.8 %, respectively. Kernel sugar components were detected by using HPLC. Pistachio kernels belonging to different varieties contained 1.13 (Ohadi)-5.04 (Siirt) g/100 g fructose, 1.01 (Siirt) - 4.25 (Kirmizi) g/100 g glucose, 2.58 (Uzun) - 4.74 (Buttum) g/100 g sucrose and 0.26 (Kirmizi) - 0.99 (Halebi) g/100 g maltose. Walnut genotypes contained 0.35-2.67 g/100 g fructose, 0.13-6.26 g/100 g glucose, 1.76-4.17 g/100 g sucrose and 0.23-0.74 g/100 g maltose. Sugar components of hazelnut and almond were 0.80 and 4.00 g/100 g fructose, 1.52 and 0.86 g/100 g glucose, 2.91 and 3.23 g/100 g sucrose, 0.91 and 1.08 g/100 g maltose, respectively. Amounts of sugar components and the mean sugars varied to varieties, genotypes and different accessions.
Detection of Free Sugars in Almond Genotypes From Eastern and Western Turkey by Hplc
(Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2007) Balta, M. Fikret; Yoruk, I. H.; Kazankaya, A.; Battal, P.; Erez, M. E.
This study evaluated the sugar contents in almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb.] genotypes, depending on their kernel sizes and kernel colours. Based on small kernel (SK) and large kernels (LK), sugar contents were compared both in sweet kernelled almond genotypes from Balikesir (western Anatolia, Turkey) and in bitter kernelled almond genotypes from Tunceli (eastern Anatolia, Turkey). Sugar contents were detected by HPLC. In all sweet and bitter LK and SK genotypes, contents of sucrose, maltose, glucose and fructose did not differ statistically except for only fructose content in bitter almonds. The LK and SK sweet genotypes contained 2.14-2.79 g/100 g sucrose, 0.61-0.44 g/100 g maltose, 1.20-2.05 g/100 g glucose and 3.28-3.45 g/100 g fructose, respectively. The LK and SK bitter genotypes contained 3.08-1.80 g/100 g sucrose, 0.85-1.34 g/100 g maltose, 2.28-2.38 g/100 g glucose and 3.67-2.73 g/100 g fructose, respectively. On the other hand, sugar contents were also compared based on light coloured kernel (LCK) and dark coloured kernel (DCK) in sweet and bitter genotypes. In sweet genotypes, sucrose, maltose and glucose contents of LCK and DCK did not differ statistically. In bitter genotypes, sucrose and glucose contents of LCK and DCK differed statistically. The sweet LCK and DCK genotypes contained 2.36-2.10 g/100 g sucrose, 0.60-0.74 g/100 g maltose, 1.58-2.32 g/100 g glucose and 3.28-2.56 g/100 g fructose, respectively. The bitter LCK and DCK genotypes contained 3.73-2.05 g/100 g sucrose, 1.10-1.36 g/100 g maltose, 3.56-1.56 g/100 g glucose and 2.63-4.05 g/100 g fructose, respectively. In addition, the mean sugar was usually fructose in LK, SK, LCK and DCK.
Determination of Physiological Responses on Hyacinth (Hyacinthus Orientalis) Plant Exposed To Different Salt Concentrations
(Academic Journals, 2011) Turkoglu, N.; Erez, M. E.; Battal, P.
Plant growth is restricted by many environmental factors. Soil salinity is considered as an important agricultural problem for dry and semi-dry fields in many regions around the world. It is known that salinity is an important stress factor restricting water and nutrient intake of plants. In this study, the physiological responses of hyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis) exposed to different salt concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mM) were investigated. The stomata status, osmotic potential, proline content, chlorophyll and caretonoid contents and protein variances were examined in the plants exposed to salt. The physiological responses of the hyacinth varied depending on the salt concentration. Stress was kept under control at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 mM; however, bulbs were decayed and necrosis was formed on the leaves at concentration of 400 mM. This study on hyacinth will help us to learn about tolerance mechanisms raised by plants with bulb against salt stress. It was seen in this study that the stomata size decreased when the salt concentration was increased and the chlorophyll and caretonoid contents also decreased. A significant decrease was seen in proline content and it increased at 400 mM and some protein bands which existed in control group disappeared in electrophoresis study.
Free Sugar Compositions Based on Kernel Taste in Almond Genotypes Prunus Dulcis From Eastern Turkey
(Springer, 2009) Balta, F.; Battal, P.; Balta, M. Fikret; Yoruk, H. I.
Hplc Determination of Sugar Contents Based on Harvest Season in Almonds
(Chemical Publishing Co., 2007) Balta, M.F.; Yörük, I.H.; Dogan, A.; Erez, M.E.; Battal, P.
This study presents in comparison with harvest seasons sugar contents in 18 promising almond selections [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb.] from Balikesir (western Anatolia, Turkey). Their majority had kernel weight over one gram since large kernel is a desired fruit characteristics for almond breeding efforts. Nuts of almond genotypes were collected at two seasons based on their harvest times. The harvest seasons were late August for 8 promising genotypes and early September for other 8 genotypes. Sugar contents were detected by HPLC Selections harvested in late August and early September averagely contained 2.19-2.31 g/100 g sucrose, 0.68-0.92 g/100 g maltose, 2.09-1.82 g/100 g glucose and 4.08-3.41 g/100 g fructose. Sugar contents of selections did not differ by harvest season statistically. Whereas, significant differences were found among selections for each harvest season. In addition, the mean sugar was fructose in 12 genotypes, sucrose in 4 genotypes and glucose in one genotype.
Hplc Determination of Sugar Contents Based on Harvest Season in Almonds [Prunus Dulcis (Mill.) D.a.!webb.]
(Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2007) Balta, M. Fikret; Yoeruek, I. H.; Dogan, A.; Erez, M. E.; Battal, P.
This study presents in comparison with harvest seasons sugar contents in 18 promising almond selections [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb.] from Balikesir (western Anatolia, Turkey). Their majority had kernel weight over one gram since large kernel is a desired fruit characteristics for almond breeding efforts. Nuts of almond genotypes were collected at two seasons based on their harvest times. The harvest seasons were late August for 8 promising genotypes and early September for other 8 genotypes. Sugar contents were detected by HPLC. Selections harvested in late August and early September averagely contained 2.19-2.31 g/100 g sucrose, 0.68-0.92 g/100 g maltose, 2.09-1.82 g/100 g glucose and 4.08-3.41 g/100 g fructose. Sugar contents of selections did not differ by harvest season statistically. Whereas, significant differences were found among selections for each harvest season. In addition, the mean sugar was fructose in 12 genotypes, sucrose in 4 genotypes and glucose in one genotype.
Investigation of Some Physiological and Biochemical Parameters in Pseudomonas Syringae-Infected Tomato Plants
(Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2010) Berber, I.; Onlu, H.; Ekin, S.; Battal, P.; Erez, M. E.
In the present study, the levels of manganese, magnesium, plant hormones (indole-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid), sugars (fructose and maltose), total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in tomato plants following inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato were investigated. The trace element analysis showed that the levels of Mn significantly decreased in bacterium-infected tomato plants, comparing to the healthy plants. In contrary, the content of Mg in the bacterium-infected plants was higher than the uninfected plants. Manganese deficient in the bacterium-infected plants might be an important indicator against attempted bacterial infection. The results of phytohormone analysis showed that there may be an opposite relationship between the concentrations of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid and the enhance disease resistance in bacterium-infected tomato plants. Therefore, it seems that indole-3-acetic acid, like abscisic acid, acts as a negative regulator of plant defense. Fructose concentrations increased in second, fourth, eight days after treatment with pathogen, but there was a decrease in tenth days. However, maltose levels decreased in all the periods after inoculation with the pathogen bacterium comparing to the control healthy plants. These results were also affirmed to the reduction in the total contents of chlorophyll and an increase of total carotenoids in the bacterium infected-plants. The investigation confirmed that there are complex relationships among trace element levels, endogenous plant hormone and sugar in the regulation of defense mechanisms against attacks by bacterial pathogens.
Seasonal Changes in Cambial Activity in Rosa Canina
(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2005) Türker, M.; Yörük, I.; Battal, P.; Kazankaya, A.; Tileklioǧlu, B.
In the present study, cambial activity and the differentiation of phloem and xylem was studied in plants of Rosa canina L. growing in the Van province, Turkey. This species belongs to the dogroses, which are frequently harvested for their fruits (rose hips). The cambial zone was up to three cells wide. Cambial activity started in the third week of April. Summer wood formation was observed toward the end of May. The mean length and width of cambium cells during spring wood formation was 15.06 μm and 2.70 μm, respectively. During the summer wood formation, length and width was 14.16 μm and 3.16 μm, respectively. In spring wood, the lumen diameter of the biggest vessel was 54.41 μm, whereas the smallest one was 9.58 μm. The equivalent measurements in summer wood yielded 44.16 μm and 9.58 μm, respectively. The mean cell wall thickness of vessels and tracheids in spring wood was 1.87 μm and 3.33 μm, respectively, and 2.08 μm and 5.41 μm in summer wood. Cambial activity ceased toward the end of July. © ISHS 2005.
Seasonal Changes of Endogenous Plant Hormones in Rosa Canina
(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2005) Yörük, I.; Türker, M.; Battal, P.; Kazankaya, A.; Tileklioǧlu, B.
Seasonal changes of gibberellins (GAs), the cytokinin trans-zeatin (t-Z), the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) in Rosa canina L. were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The concentration of GAs increased during the period of rapid growth in April and May, and coincided with the time of the increase in t-Z concentration. The concentration of IAA decreased slightly from January until March, increased strongly in April and then decreased again after the cessation of rapid growth. The concentration of ABA decreased steadily from January to May, followed by a slight increase which became most notable during the fruiting period, reaching a peak in January. © ISHS 2005.