Browsing by Author "Bayram, Y."

Now showing 1 - 16 of 16

Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Brucella Isolates From Various Clinical Speciemens
(Ivyspring International Publisher, 2011) Bayram, Y.; Korkoca, H.; Aypak, C.; Parlak, M.; Cikman, A.; Kilic, S.; Berktas, M.
Purpose: Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease and still constitutes a major public health problem. In the study we claimed to identify Brucella species from clinical samples of patients with active brucellosis from Van region of Eastern Anatolia and to determine in vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities of these strains to commonly used anti-Brucella agents and a possible new alternative tigecycline. Materials and Methods: A total of 56 Brucella isolates were enrolled the study and the identification of the isolates were based on conventional methods. In vitro activities of an-timicrobials were evaluated by the E test method. Results: All isolates were identified as B. melitensis. MIC90 values of doxycycline, strepto-mycin, rifampin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and tigecycline were 0.064 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 2 mg/L, 0.125 mg/L and 0.094 mg/L, respectively. Tigecycline had low MIC50 and MIC90 values against all B. melitensis strains; the highest MIC observed was 0.25 μg/mL. Conclusion: Our data suggest that tigecycline can be a therapeutic alternative option for the treatment of brucellosis. © Ivyspring International Publisher.
Antiviral Drug Resistance Rates Among Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Infection
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2023) Özlük, S.; Bayram, Y.; Özkaçmaz, A.; Parlak, M.; Özdemir, A.; Aypak, C.
Introduction and aim. Chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) affects millions of people around the world. Many clinicians find it challenging to choose therapeutic agents due to the mutations that occur in the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that cause drug resistance. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the HBV resistance rates against the currently recommended first-line therapies in the region of our country where HBV prevalence is high. Material and methods. A total of 96 patients (56 men and 40 women) with HBV infection were enrolled in the study. The serum samples collected from those were analyzed with real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis followed by pyrosequencing (PyroStar HBV Drug Resistance Test, Altona Diagnostics, Germany) for drug resistance mutations associated with lamivudine, adefovir, telbivudine, entecavir, and tenofovir. Results. HBV drug-resistance mutations were investigated in 80 treatment-naïve and 16 treatment-experienced patients (6 entecavir, 4 PEGylated-interferon, 4 tenofovir, 2 lamivudine). None of the HBV-DNA samples had mutations cause to drug resistance were detected in any codons regions that were analyzed. Conclusion. Antiviral resistance poses serious obstacles for clinicians in the treatment of CHB. Determining whether antiviral resistance exists in HBV is critical to choose the appropriate treatment agent. © 2023 University of the Philippines Manila. All rights reserved.
The Biofilm Production (Slime) and Fluconazole Sensitivity of the Candida Strains Isolated From the Mouth Flora of Newborns and Adults
(2005) Güdücüoǧlu, H.; Berktaş, M.; Bozkurt, H.; Aygül, K.; Bayram, Y.; Gülmez, S.; Andiç, S.
In this study we planned to investigate the differences of the Candida species in the newborns' and adults' mouth flora, their slime production and antimicrobial susceptibility. They were identified with conventional methods (germ tube production) and carbohydrate fermentation characteristics were evaluated by Api 20 C AUX (bioMerieux-France) kits. Stock solution of fluconazole was used for antibiotic susceptibility test. A total of 18 Candida isolates; 14 C. albicans, 2 C. tropicalis, 1 C. kefyr and1 C. lusitaneae were isolated from newborns and 18 Candida strains consisting of 13 C. albicans, 4 C. tropicalis and 1 C. ciferii were isolated from the adults with decayed teeth. Slime production and fluconazole susceptibility tests were performed on these strains. As a result, 4 of 18 (22%) Candida species from newborns and 2 of 18 (11%) strains from adults teeth were observed to be potent slime producer. None of the Candida strains isolated were resistant to fluconazole.
Characterisation of Drug Resistance of Nosocomial Esbl-Producing E. Coli Isolates Obtained From a Turkish University Hospital Between 2009 and 2012 by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis and Antibiotic Resistance Tests
(EDIMES Edizioni Medico Scientifiche, 2016) Karagöz, A.; Sunnetcioglu, M.; Ceylan, M.R.; Bayram, Y.; Yalcin, G.; Kocak, N.; Andac, C.A.
In this study, drug resistance of 28 ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolates obtained from 144 patients hospitalized at the Yüzüncüyil University Hospital at Van (YUH), Turkey, between 2009 and 2012 were characterized by pulsed field gel electrophoresis and antibiotic susceptibility tests. Antibiotic resistance profile was determined by a Phoenix automated system (BD, USA). The ratio of ESBL-producing E. coli strains was determined to be 19.4% (28 out of 144 E. coli isolates). It was determined that the anaesthesiology, paediatrics and thoracic medicine intensive care units in YUH were cross-contaminated between 2009 and 2012 by ESBL-producing E. coli strains, which is a sign of nosocomial infection in YUH. Analysis of PFGE results gave rise to two main PFGE profiles, profile-A with four subprofiles and profile-B with three subprofiles, where profile-A predominates over profile-B (14%). Comparison of the antibiotic resistance profile with the PFGE profile yielded similarities while some differences also exist due to either identical restriction enzyme cutting sites with slightly different genetic sequences in between the cutting sites or newly formed restriction enzyme cutting sites that do not affect antibiotic resistance genes. Enterobacteriaceae, particularly E. coli, have developed resistance in YUH by producing ESBLs against oxyimino and non-oxyimino cephalosporins, and penicillin-type antibiotics. Therefore, more effective antibiotics such as cefoxitin or cefoperazone- sulbactam should be used for the treatment of future nosocomial infections in YUH while hospital staff should take care with hygiene, such as hand washing. © 2016, EDIMES Edizioni Medico Scientifiche. All rights reserved.
Correlation of Slime Production Investigated Via Three Different Methods in Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci With Crystal Violet Reaction and Antimicrobial Resistance
(Sage Publications Ltd, 2009) Bozkurt, H.; Kurtoglu, M. G.; Bayram, Y.; Kesli, R.; Berktas, M.
This study investigated slime production by coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) using the standard tube (ST), Congo red agar (CRA) plate and Christensen's tube (CT) methods, and compared the results with those of the crystal violet reaction (CVR) test. The potential correlation between slime production and antimicrobial resistance was also evaluated. In total, 205 CNS strains were isolated from biological samples: 92 (44.9%) were shown to produce slime by the ST method; 96 (46.8%) by the CRA plate method; 90 (43.9%) by the CT method; and 89 (43.4%) strains were CVR positive. Eighty-three (40.5%) CNS strains were positive for slime production by the ST, CRA and CT methods. The findings of the ST, CRA and CT test methods were consistent with each other but were not related to CVR positivity. Based on the ST method, rates of antibiotic resistance to several antimicrobial agents were higher in slime-positive strains than in slime-negative strains and, in some cases, this was statistically significant.
The Determination of Meca Gene Presence in Mrsa Strains Isolated From Intensive Care Unit by Conventional, Automated and Pcr Method
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2021) Deniz, N.Y.; Bayram, Y.; Parlak, M.; Irden, Ş.; Güdücüoğlu, H.
Meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains are becoming increasingly important as a cause of hospital and community-acquired infections. The aim of this study is to compare PCR, gradient tests and automated system which are the methods for determining methicillin resistance in S. aureus strains. The study included 50 MRSA strains isolated from various samples (wound, blood, sputum, respiration, abscess, osteomyelitis, etc.) from the microbiology laboratory of Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Medical Faculty between 2010-2016. A single isolate was obtained from each patient. In our study, the presence of mecA gene in MRSA strains was investigated by conventional, automated and PCR methods. The presence of methicillin resistance was found in 49 of 50 MRSA strains which were examined by Oxacillin E-test method (MIC˃2). All of the strains which were tested by cefoxitin E-test were found resistant to methicillin (MIC˃4). Vitek 2 automated system detected that all of the strains are resistant to methicillin. All samples examined by PCR method were positive, the presence of mecA gene was determined. Sensitivity rate of strains examined by oxacillin E-test method was 98%, while the susceptibility rate of strains examined by cefoxitin E-test, Vitek 2 automated system and PCR methods was 100%. In order to obtain the necessary precautions in hospitals with high MRSA ratio, mecA investigation is of great importance in achieving the correct results. Since the results of the three methods are almost close to each other, three methods can be used to determine the correct results. © 2021, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Iga Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase in Celiac Disease in Van-Turkey
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2015) Bayram, Y.; Parlak, M.; Aypak, C.; Bayram, İ.; Yılmaz, D.; Çıkman, A.
Although the IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase test (IgA anti-tTG) has been recommended as the first step in the diagnosis of celiac disease (CD), there are controversial data about the real accuracy of the test in clinical practice. Therefore we evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of the IgA anti-tTG in a group of patients who were suspected of having CD. The study was performed at Van Training and Research Hospital, Van-Turkey. Details of patients in whom the IgA anti-tTG was requested from January 2009 to April 2012 were obtained from databases. Duplicate requests were excluded. Histopathologic examination of duodenal biopsies and serologic evaluations were compared. A total of 1614 IgA anti-tTG were requested from different patients. In all, 49.6% of requests were in females and 29.8% from children under the age of sixteen. A total of 192 (11.9%) requests were found to be positive. Duodenal biopsies were performed to 61 (31.8%) of seropositive patients. The overall sensitivity and specificity of IgA antitTG were 93.3% and 9.5%. Our data have revealed that clinicians should be aware of solely relying on the results of the IgA anti-tTG test could result in unnecessary diagnostic procedures and treatments. © 2015 Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
Distribution of Hepatitis C Prevalence in Individuals According To Their Age Level in Eastern Turkey
(2008) Bozkurt, H.; Kurtoglu, M.G.; Bayram, Y.; Kesli, R.; Berktas, M.
The Effects of Sugammadex on Coagulation in Pregnant Rats
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2021) Keskin, M.E.; Kaplan, H.S.; Gülhas, N.; Bayram, Y.; Basbugan, Y.
Some studies have reported that sugammadex affects coagulation parameters. However, the effects of sugammadex on coagulation in pregnant women have not been adequately evaluated. This study investigated the effects of sugammadex administration on routine coagulation tests and levels of coagulation factors (FII, FV, FVII, FVIII, FIX, and FX) in pregnant rats. After ethics committee approval (2019/06), 24 female Wistar albino rats (n = 12; 19–20 days of gestation; weight 230–380 g) were randomly divided into four groups: control (n = 6), sugammadex (n = 6), pregnant (n = 6), and pregnant sugammadex (n = 6). Ketamine (50 mg/kg) and xylazine (10 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally to all groups. Saline (SF) (1 ml/kg) was administered to the control and pregnant groups. Sugammadex was administered to the sugammadex and pregnant sugammadex groups at a dose of 16 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected at 30 min after SF and sugammadex administration in all rats. The levels of PT, INR, aPTT, fibrinogen and coagulation factors were measured in plasma obtained from blood samples. All animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation after the procedure. The mean weights of the rats were significantly higher in the pregnant groups (pregnant and pregnant sugammadex groups) than in the non-pregnant groups (control and sugammadex groups). The mean PT and INR values were significantly lower in the pregnant than non-pregnant groups. No significant differences were observed in any of the parameters evaluated between the sugammadex-and SF-administered groups. Sugammadex administration did not affect routine coagulation tests or the levels of coagulation factors in pregnant rats. © 2021, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
Epidemiological Characteristics and Molecular Typing of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi During a Waterborne Outbreak in Eastern Anatolia
(Maney Publishing, 2011) Bayram, Y.; Guducuoglu, H.; Otlu, B.; Aypak, C.; Gursoy, N. C.; Uluc, H.; Berktas, M.
In this study, we aimed to study the molecular and epidemiological characteristics of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. typhi) outbreak in Eastern Anatolia. Six hundred and thirty-seven patients from the same county with clinical diagnosis of typhoid fever were investigated with conventional methods from stool, urine and blood specimens. Antibiotic susceptibility tests and identifications were performed for positive specimens. Clonal relationships between the isolates were investigated using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) method. A questionnaire was completed for the water consumption habits of patients. Of 91 culture positive specimens, 76 were blood, 13 were stool and 2 were urine. The isolates were resistant to ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, chloramphenicol, cefuroxime, amikacin, gentamicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Although there was a single band difference in some isolates, PFGE results indicated that this was an outbreak caused by single strain according to the Tenover criteria. This outbreak thought to be associated with the consumption of tap water contaminated with sewage represents a breakdown of the basic public health and civil engineering infrastructure. Appropriate public health measures should be taken in order to avoid such outbreaks in the future.
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates by Years
(Hindawi Limited, 2016) Raǧbetli, C.; Parlak, M.; Bayram, Y.; Guducuoglu, H.; Ceylan, N.
Objective. Recently, community and hospital-acquired infections with Staphylococcus aureus have increased and raised antibiotic resistant isolates. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profile of S. aureus isolates over several years in various clinical specimens from our hospital. Materials and Methods. S. aureus strains from 2009 to 2014 were isolated from various clinical samples at Yuzuncu Yil University, Dursun Odabas Medical Center, Microbiology Laboratory, and their antibiotic susceptibility test results were retrospectively investigated. The isolates were identified by conventional methods, and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by the Phoenix (Becton Dickinson, USA) automated system method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standards. Results. A total of 1,116 S. aureus isolates were produced and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) to 21% of all S. aureus isolates between 2009 and 2014. According to the results of susceptibility tests of all isolates of S. aureus, they have been identified as sensitive to vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, and levofloxacin. While the resistance rates to nitrofurantoin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were determined as 0.3%, 2.4%, and 6%, respectively, resistance rates to penicillin, erythromycin, rifampicin, gentamicin, and clindamycin were determined as 100%, 18%, 14%, 14%, and 11%, respectively. The highest percentage of methicillin resistance was determined as 30% in 2009, and the resistance was determined to have decreased in subsequent years (20%, 16%, 13%, 19%, and 21%) (p < 0.001). Conclusion. Currently, retrospective evaluations of causes of nosocomial infection should be done periodically. We think that any alteration of resistance over the years has to be identified, and all centers must determine their own resistance profiles, in order to guide empirical therapies. Reducing the rate of antibiotic resistance will contribute to reducing the cost of treatment. © 2016 Cennet Raǧbetli et al.
The Evaluation of the Resistance Rates of Staphylococcus Aureus Strains To Antimicrobials According To the Years
(2007) Bozkurt, H.; Güzel Kurtoǧlu, M.; Bayram, Y.; Berktas, M.
In our hospital, sensitivity tests of 290 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated in 1998-2000 years and 280 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated in 2003-2004 years were performed and investigated the alterations on resistance rates. At two periods the resistance was not established to vancomycin; but, it was established an increase statistically unsignificant at the second period, amikacin, teicoplanin, gentamicin, tetracycline, oxacillin and eritromycin but increase in to ciprofloxacin and rifampicin significantly.
The Investigation of Brucella Seropositivity in Blood Donors
(Refik Saydam National Public Health Agency (RSNPHA), 2021) Sümer, K.; GüDüCüOĞlu, H.; AkyüZ, S.; Parlak, M.; Bayram, Y.
Objective: Although brucellosis is controlled in developed countries, it is a public health problem that is seen as endemic in our country. Although most people living in endemic areas do not have clinical signs of infection, the serological indicators of brucellosis may be positive. The illness can be transmitted to healthy people from asymptomatic patients through blood transfusion. In this study, it is aimed to investigate Brucella seropositivity in healthy blood donors in our region. Methods: The study included 4018 healthy blood donors who donated to the Blood Center of Van Yuzuncu Y.l University Medical Faculty between May 2016 and June 2017. Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) was applied to all blood serums and samples with agglutination were confirmed by Standard Tube Agglutination (STA) test. Serum samples with low titer positive (1/40 and 1/80 titer) who were considered.1/160 titer positive as a result of the STA test were studied with Coombs test..1/160 titer positive in Coombs test. Results: In the study, 107 (2.7%) of the total 4018 serum samples were positive for RBPT screening. As a result of the STA test applied to positive blood samples, 13 were suspect positive and 13 (0.3%) were positive. Of the 13 serum samples that gave suspected positivity with the STA test, 3 of them were positive with Coombs test. Therefore, in our study, seropositivity rate among all samples was 2.7% (n=107) with RBPT, 0.3% (n=13) with STA test and 0.4% (n=16) by Coombs test+STA test. Conclusion: It should be considered that patients with positive Brucella serology due to active disease but without clinical findings, carry the risk of Brucellosis associated with blood transfusion in endemic regions including our country. © 2021, Turk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi. All Rights Reserved.
Investigation of Cross-Reactions With Francisella Tularensis Antibodies To Brucella
(2013) Kiliç, S.; Çelebi, B.; Bayram, Y.; Çitil, B.
Objective: Cross-reactions with Francisella tularensis antibodies to Brucella, Legionella, Yersinia, and Mycoplasma species have been described. F.tularensis LPS is able to induce serological crossreactions indistinguishable from brucellosis due to a similar immunodominant epitope in the Brucella O-polysaccharide. In agglutination tests, cross-reaction occurred only between F.tularensis and Brucella abortus, cross reactivity with Brucella can confuse interpretation of the results. Method: The aim of this study was to assess cross reactions and whether IgM or IgG antibodies are responsible for Brucella and F.tularensis crossreactions, by the use of microagglutination, Brucella ELISA and 2-mercaptoethanol microagglutination test. Results: Cross-reaction agglutinin titers to B.abortus antigen were found in 49 of 260 (18.8%) tularemia positive serum specimens, and cross-reaction titers to F.tularensis antigen were found in 23 of 252 (9.1%) Brucella positive serum specimens. While thirty six (73.5%) tularemia positive serum titers had Brucella cross reactivity at the titers of 1:20-1:80, cross-reaction with =1:160 titers was found in 13 samples (26.5%). The cross-reaction titers to B.abortus antigen were reduced to equal or less 1:40 titers by 2-ME. Cross- reactivity at the titers of 1:20-1:80 was determined in 22 of 23 Brucella positive samples. Conclusion: The cross-reaction titers determined with MA test in both infections were reduced to 40 or less by 2-ME, suggesting that the titers are due to immunoglobulin M antibody.
Parvovirus B19 Igm Seropositivity in Cases With Reumotoid Factor
(2007) Kurtoǧlu, M.G.; Ozkurt, H.; Bayram, Y.; Tuncer, O.; Berktaş, M.
At the present study, for the purpose of finding out whether to effect the result of existence of Rheumatoid Factor (RF), determining in different level of RF obtained but 100 sera without semptoms was examined in different level by ELISA. Parvovirus B19 IgM antibody positivity was established at the rate of 22 % on the sera of 100 patients between 0-71 years with RF positive patient. With this study, at the investigation of Parvovirus B 19 IgM antibody, the positivity should prevent dependent to RF.
Seroprevalence of Tularemia in Risk Groups of Humans and Animals in Van, East of Turkey
(Ankara Microbiology Society, 2015) Bayram, Y.; Özkaçmaz, A.; Parlak, M.; Basbugan, Y.; Kiliç, S.; Güdücüoʇlu, H.
Tularemia has become a re-emerging zoonotic disease in Turkey recently. The aims of this study were to determine the seroprevalence of tularemia in humans and their animals living in rural risky areas of our region and to investigate the risk factors. Between January and July 2012, people living in rural areas of Van province (located at eastern part of Turkey) and their domestic animals were included in the study. The sample size was determined by using cluster sampling method like in an event with known prevalence and planned as a cross-sectional epidemiological study. Proportional random sampling method was used to determine which individuals will be included in the study. Presence of tularemia antibodies in the sera of a total 495 voluntary persons (343 female, 152 male; age range: 18-79 years, mean age: 40.61) and their 171 animals (40 cattle, 124 sheep and 7 goats) were screened by microagglutination test using safranin O-stained F.tularensis antigen (Public Health Agency of Turkey). For the evaluation of cross-reactivity between Brucella spp., tularemia positive serum samples were also tested with brucella microagglutination test. Among human and animal samples, 11.9% (59/495) and 44% (76/171) yielded positive results with the titers of ≥ 1:20 in F.tularensis microagglutination test, respectively. However, 69.5% (41 /59) of human sera and 78.9% (60/76) of animal sera demonstrated equal or higher titers in the brucella test, so those sera were considered as cross-reactive. After exclusion of these sera, the seroprevalence for F.tularensis were calculated as 3.6% (18/495) for humans and 9.4% (16/171) for animals. Among the 16 animals with positive results, 12 were sheep, three were cattle and one was goat. The difference between seropositivity rates among the domestic animal species was not statistically significant (p< 0.05). In addition, no statistically significant differences were found between risk factors including insect bite, tick bite, contact with rodents, eating the meat of hunted animals (rabbit), having pet (cat) in home (p> 0.05). In this study, the rate of tularemia seropositivity among humans was similar to the results of previous studies which were performed in our country; however the seropositivity rate of tularemia among domestic animals in our study was higher than the results of a few studies which were conducted on domestic animals. In conclusion, preventive procedures and precautions must be taken into consideration to control the transmission of the infection.