Browsing by Author "Berköz, M."

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1800 Mhz Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation Induces Oxidative Stress in Rat Liver, Kidney and Brain Tissues
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2018) Berköz, M.; Arslan, B.; Yıldırım, M.; Aras, N.; Yalın, S.; Çömelekoğlu, Ü.
Radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) represents one of the environmental factor that influence animal organism to stress. In this study we determined the oxidative stress parameters from rat liver, kidney and brain tissues that were exposed to chronic 1800 MHz RF-EMR. Our study was designed in 3 groups as 9 animals in each group. These are; control, sham and RF-EMR exposed group. The control group was not exposed to any procedure; sham group was housed in the same room under the same conditions with equal time period, except that the generator was turned off. RF-EMR exposed group was subjected to 1800 MHz RF-EMR emitted from the signal generator for 2 h per day for eight weeks. All animals that completed the experimental period were sacrificed and liver, kidney and brain tissues of all rats were isolated for analyzing malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities. Liver, kidney and brain MDA and NO levels were higher and GSH level and SOD and catalase activities were significantly lower in RF-exposed group than control and sham groups (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed in terms of tissue MDA, GSH and NO levels and SOD and catalase activities between control and sham groups in each tissue. The results of our study shows that RF-EMR may act as an environmental stressor and cause oxidative and nitrosative damage in liver, kidney and brain tissues. © 2018, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
Advances in Current Medication and New Therapeutic Approaches in Epilepsy
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2018) Allahverdiyev, O.; Dzhafar, S.; Berköz, M.; Yıldırım, M.
Epilepsy is one of the most complicated neurological disorders associated with a brain disorder in which, after an in itial physiological insult, the networks of neurons regroup and communicate abnormally that can be defined as the neuronal hyper -synchronizayion. The affected part of brain defines the patient’s abnormality behavior. Unlike the younger patients, who can become seizure free after the age of 16-18, older patients are hardly able to overcome the seizures, especially once the type of seizure developed to generalize tonic-clonic phase. Globally, epilepsy is considered as a disease which is originated from the disorder of electrical function of the brain and estimated to effect approximately 50 million people worldwide. Pharmacoresistance, drug interactions, drug tolerability and various adverse effects are among the common problems associated with the treatments of epilepsy with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Although, approximately 70% of the patients exhibit seizures that can be controlled with most AEDs, the remaining 30% of the patients fail to respond to treatment with AEDs. Thus, looking for alternatives such as traditional treatment methods like utilizing medicinal plants, ketogenic diet, and the Atkins diet as well as self-physical therapy like relaxation and yoga, are all positive options that can be considered as replacement and supportive therapy methods for the medications which are used in seizure control of epilepsy. Medicinal plants are more commonly used by folk for making infusions administered as herbal teas for the pain relief and maintaining good health. Investigating the active components of a plant extract, isolating and identifying their structure and pharmacological effects, and finally utilizing them as a new agent from nature with fewer side effects and high economic valu e is a widely interested topic in the field of ethnoparmacology. In addition to AEDs, which are currently used, the suggested alternative therapies are also able minimize the seizures of epilepsy but the surgical intervention still remains as the last option in the treatment of epilepsy. © 2018, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Olive Leaf Extract Treatment in Diabetic Rat Brain
(De Gruyter Open Ltd, 2023) Berköz, M.; Kahraman, T.; Shamsulddin, Z.N.; Krośniak, M.
Objectives: Olive (Olea europaea L.) plays a promising role in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic production. On the other hand, olive leaf is widely used in folk medicine due to its antihyperglycemic activity. For this aim, possible effects of olive leaf extract (OLE) in the brain tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Methods: A total of 28 male rats were divided into four equal groups as control, diabetic (single dose of 45 mg/kg streptozotocin, i.p.), OLE (500 mg/kg/day), and diabetic + OLE groups. The study was terminated 21 days after the diabetes model was formed. At the end of the study, all the animals were sacrificed and blood and brain tissues were isolated. Relative brain weights, complete blood count, blood glycated hemoglobin, serum glucose, total protein, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, gonadal hormone levels, production and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators, total thiol, total oxidative stress, and total antioxidant status levels and fatty acid composition in brain tissue were measured in all study groups. Results: In diabetic rats, relative brain weight and serum insulin level decreased, glycated hemoglobin, oxidative stress, production and mRNA level of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators increased, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, degraded fatty acid composition, anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia occurred. After OLE treatment, a remarkable improvement in most of these parameters, except gonadal hormones, has been observed in diabetic rats. Conclusions: This study suggests that olive leaf can be a precious neuroprotective agent in diabetes. © 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.
Determination of Genotoxic Effects of Hookah Smoking by Micronucleus and Chromosome Aberration Methods
(International Scientific Literature Inc., 2016) Eker, E.D.; Koyuncu, H.; Şahin, N.Ö.; Yüksel, A.; Berköz, M.; Diler, S.B.; Akgül, S.A.
Background: Use of a hookah (a type of water pipe) is a traditional way of smoking tobacco, particularly in the Middle East. In Turkey, its popularity has been growing in recent years, especially among young people. It is known that cigarette smoking has genotoxic effects and causes mutations, but no comprehensive study has been done on the genotoxic effects of hookah usage, particularly in Turkey. Material/Methods: We collected peripheral blood/buccal smear samples from 30 subjects who did not smoke cigarettes but who regularly smoke a hookah an average of 2 times per week, and from 30 control subjects who had never smoked cigarettes or a hookah. Chromosome analyses were performed on the samples obtained from peripheral blood of each individual, 25 metaphase plaques were counted for each, and chromosome/chromatid breakage/gap parameters were evaluated. Micronucleus analysis was done on buccal smear samples and micronucleus/binucleus parameters were investigated by counting 2000 cells of each individual. Results: Chromosome breakage ratios were found to be 0.64±0.86 and 0.46±0.71 in the study and control groups, respectively, while chromatid breakage ratios were 0.53±0.83 and 0.53±0.71; fragment ratios were 0.82±1.24 and 0.21±0.49 (p<0.05); and gap ratios were 0.57±0.83 and 0.18±0.53 (p<0.05), respectively. Micronucleus ratio was 6.03±2.06 and 4.43±2.27 (p<0.05) in the study and control groups, respectively, and binucleus ratios were 8.53±3.23 and 12.15±5.18, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions: Results of our study reveal significant statistical differences between the individuals who smoked hookah and those who did not in terms of fragment, gap, micronucleus, and binucleus parameters, suggesting that smoking a hookah may cause genotoxic effects. © Med Sci Monit.
Effect of Postmenopausal Strontium Ranelate Treatment on Oxidative Stress in Rat Skin Tissue
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2017) Berköz, M.; Sağır, Ö.; Yalın, S.; Çömelekoğlu, Ü.; Söğüt, F.; Eroğlu, P.
Strontium ranelate is one of the most common post-menopausal osteoporosis medications that have been used in recent years. The effects of strontium ranelate treatment on the free radical-antioxidant balance of the skin have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of strontium ranelate treatment on oxidative stress parameters in the skin tissue of rats with the experimental osteoporosis model. Total 35 rats were divided to five groups as control group (Group I), oophorectomy group (Group II), strontium ranelate group (Group III), oophorectomy + strontium ranelate group (immediately after the oophorectomy) (Group IV) and oophorectomy + strontium ranelat group (after three months of oophorectomy) (Group V). In Group III, IV and V, 500 mg/kg doses of strontium were given to rats by orally. At the end of the study, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities, malondialdehyde (MD A) and glutathione (GSH) levels of the rats’ skin tissues were determined. Catalase and SOD activities and GSH levels of all groups were significantly lower than Group I (p<0.05). MDA levels of all groups were significantly higher than Group I (p<0.05). Catalase and SOD activities and GSH levels of Group IV and V were significantly lower than Group II (p<0.05). MDA levels of Group IV and V were significantly higher than Group II (p<0.05). In conclusion, strontium ranelate treatment in oophorectomized rats has resulted in an increase in oxidative stress in skin tissue and can cause to several skin disorders. © 2017, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
Investigation of Brucella Seroprevalence in Human and Livestocks in Igdır, Turkey
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2016) Bora, G.; Akkoyunlu, Y.; Berköz, M.; Açıkgöz, G.; Berktaş, M.; Altındağ, F.; Bora, A.
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease of worldwide and still remains endemic in some developing countries, especially in Turkey. Milk is the main food product serving as a vector for Brucella. In this study we aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of human and animal brucellosis. The study group consisted of 358 subjects who had high risk occupations of animal breeder and farmer. The test results were interpreted and titers equal or in excess of 1/40 were considered significant. 189 farm animals were incorporated to our research. Among these animals, 104 of them were sheep and goat and 85 of them were cattle. The Brucellosis Milk Ring Test was used to test raw milk samples collected the selected herds in the study area. The seroprevalence of human brucellosis was 6.7%. Seroprevalence of animal brucellosis was found as 22.75% in livestocks. This study is important for being the first study in recent years that demonstrates the Brucella seropositivity rates in Igdır Province. This high seropositivity in our region may depend on the high rates of animal brucellosis; those of which were inadequate under control by veterinary and by vaccination and people who consume the milk by without boiling. © 2016 Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
The Neuroprotective Effect of Cornus Mas on Brain Tissue of Wistar Rats
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2014) Francik, R.; Kryczyk, J.; Kros̈niak, M.; Berköz, M.; Sanocka, I.; Francik, Sł.
Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas) is a valuable source of phenolic antioxidants. Flavonoid derivatives as nonenzymatic antioxidants are important in the pathophysiology of many diseases including neurological disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease) or heart disease. In this study, we examined the effect of an addition of freeze-dried fruit of cornelian cherry on three types of diets: control diet, fructose diet, and diet enriched in fats (high-fat diet). This effect was studied by determining the following antioxidant parameters in both brain tissue and plasma in rats: catalase, ferric reducing ability of plasma, paraoxonase, protein carbonyl groups, and free thiol groups. Results indicate that both fructose diet and high-fat diet affect the antioxidant capacity of the organism. Furthermore, an addition of cornelian cherry resulted in increased activity of catalase in brain tissue, while in plasma it caused the opposite effect. In turn, with regard to paraoxonase activity in both brain tissue and plasma, it had a stimulating effect. Adding cornelian cherry to the tested diets increased the activity of PON in both tested tissues. Moreover, protective effect of fruits of this plant was observed in the process of oxidation of proteins by decreasing levels of protein carbonyl groups and thiol groups in brain tissue as well as in plasma. © 2014 Renata Francik et al.
Nigella Sativa L
(Springer International Publishing, 2022) Berköz, M.
Nigella sativa (also known as black seed) has recently become popular for its many effects and is among the most demanded herbs. Nigella sativa seeds, which are among the herbs used for medicinal purposes, are used in traditional medicine in Asia, Far East, and Middle East countries for purposes such as headache, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, asthma, cough, and rheumatism. The anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticancer, antitumoural, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, immunological, antidiabetic, antihistaminic, antisestodal, and hepatoprotective effects of the plant’s seed have been determined through in vitro and in vivo biological activity studies conducted for about 30 years. Various pharmacological effects of the plant, which is generally used as a spice to decorate and flavour donuts in our country, have also been discovered in recent years, supported by experimental data. In this section, studies on the botanical characteristics, chemical content, and biological activity of N. sativa have been compiled. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.
Punicalagin Isolated From Punica Granatum Husk Can Decrease the Inflammatory Response in Raw 264.7 Macrophages
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2017) Berköz, M.; Allahverdiyev, O.
Punicalagin, a natural occuring phytochemical extracted from pomegranate (Punica granatum) husk shows antioxidant and anti-tumoral activities. Previous studies have shown that Punica granatum can scavenge reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) and suppress the biosynthesis of prostaglandins (PGs). However, the anti-inflammatory property of punicalagin has not yet been elucidated. For this aim, we purposed to display the anti-inflammatory effects of punicalagin via measuring prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) production and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression in LPS induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with punicalagin at concentrations of 0-10 µM. NO levels in all groups were measured by the Griess method and PGE2 levels by ELISA kit. COX-2 and iNOS gene expression levels were measured using Real Time PCR. According to our experiments, punicalagin decreased the production of PGE2 and NO by RAW 264.7 macrophages in a dose-dependent manner without affecting the viability of cells. Punicalagin attenuated the mRNA expression of iNOS and COX-2 of murine macrophages in a concentration dependent manner. Thus, the inhibition of NO and PGE2 production is at least partly because of the suppression of the transcription of the iNOS and COX-2 gene, respectively. In conclusion, punicalagin is a potent natural compound in inhibiting the inflammatory mediators. Its action can be delivered in vivo through an appropriate feeding scheme. Because the lower toxicity of punicalagin, it might be a suitable compound that can be used for clinical applications. © 2017, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.