Browsing by Author "Berktas, Mustafa"

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Antibiotics Resistance of Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia Strains Isolated From Various Clinical Specimens
(Makerere Univ, Coll Health Sciences,sch Med, 2016) Cikman, Aytekin; Parlak, Mehmet; Bayram, Yasemin; Guducuoglu, Huseyin; Berktas, Mustafa
Background: A limited number of antibiotics are recommended for the therapy of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections due to therapy difficulties caused by its numerous mechanisms of resistance. Objectives: In this study conducted over a period of approximately 5 years we aimed to determine resistance rates of S. maltophilia based on drug classification recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Methods: A total of 118 S. maltophilia strains isolated from various clinical specimens between January 2006 and June 2012 were included in the study. BD Phoenixautomated microbiology system (Becton Dickinson, USA) was utilized for species level identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Results: Sixty seven of S. maltophilia strains were isolated from tracheal aspirate isolates, 17 from blood, 10 from sputum, 10 from wound and 14 from other clinical specimens. Levofloxacin was found to be the most effective antibiotic against S. maltophilia strains with resistance rate of 7.6%. The resistance rates to other antibiotics were as follows: chloramphenicol 18.2%, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 20.3% and ceftazidime 72%. Conclusion: The study revealed that S. maltophilia is resistant to many antibiotics. The treatment of infections caused by S. maltophilia should be preferred primarily as levofloxacin, chloramphenicol, and TMP-SXT, respectively.
Assessment of Directigen™ Ez Flu a Plus B Rapid Antigen Diagnostic Test for Pandemic Influenza a (H1n1)
(Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2011) Berktas, Mustafa; Cikman, Aytekin; Yaman, Gorkem; Guducuoglu, Huseyin
Objective: Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) cases that has begun to be seen in Southern hemisphere at the beginning of summer 2009 is gradually increasing also in Northern hemisphere nowadays, at the beginning of winter. A few diagnostic tests have been developed for diagnosis of this viral disease that is difficultly detected due to its novel antigenic structure. Although sensitivity and specifity of these molecular tests are high, they may not commonly be used as they are expensive. Rapid tests that have been developed alternatively to these tests are criticized because of their low sensitivity although they are cheap. In this study, effectiveness of Directigen EZ Flu A+B test, one of the rapid tests, was investigated for diagnosis of pandemic influenza A (H1N1). Material and Methods: In the study, nasopharyngeal and pharyngeal smears concurrently obtained from 52 patients who were admitted to our hospital with suspicion of pandemic influenza were examined using Infl/H1 LC/RG Real Time-PCR test (Kit, Qiagen, Rotor-gene Q Japan) together with rapid Directigen EZ Flu A+B antigen test (Becton Dickinson, USA). Results: Positivity was detected with Directigen TM EZ Flu A+B in 17 (33%) out of 52 patients included in the study and in 35 (67%) with RT-PCR. Influenza A was detected to be positive with rapid diagnostic test in 17 (49%) of 35 patients in whom H1N1 was detected to be positive with PCR and rapid test results were negative for all patients whose results were negative with PCR. Sensitivity of Directigen TM EZ Flu A+B test for H1N1 was found as 49% and specifity was found as 100%. Conclusion: According to these results, we may conclude that Directigen TM EZ Flu A+B may be used as a screening and prediagnosis test for diagnosis of pandemic influenza A (H1N1). Although positive results are diagnostic, negative results should be confirmed with molecular microbiologic methods.
Detection of Putative Virulence Genes in Aeromonas Isolates From Humans and Animals
(J infection developing Countries, 2014) Korkoca, Hanifi; Alan, Yusuf; Bozari, Sedat; Berktas, Mustafa; Goz, Yasar
Introduction: Aeromonas are food-and water-borne bacteria that are considered to be zoonotic human pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the presence of genes associated with virulence in human and animal Aeromonas isolates and the potential role of animal isolates with regards to human Aeromonas infections. Methodology: The presence of aerA, hlyA, alt, ast, laf, ascF-G, stx1 and stx2 putative virulence genes in 40 human and animal Aeromonas isolates (16 human and 24 animal isolates) were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA fragments of expected sizes were purified and sequenced. BLAST in the NCBI was used to verify any amplified products. Results: PCR screening showed that hlyA, alt, and laf genes were determined at ratios of 6.25%, 50%, and 6.25%, respectively, in human isolates. The ratios of hlyA, alt, ascF-G, laf, stx2, and stx1 genes in animal isolates were 58.3%, 20.83%, 33.3%, 20.83%, 8.33%, and 4.17%, respectively. Neither aerA nor ast genes were detected in any isolates. Any one of eight putative virulence genes was not detected in seven human and eight animal isolates in the study. Conclusions: The current study is the first to investigate the presence of the virulence gene in gull Aeromonas isolates. The manifestation of the presence of the virulence gene and gene combinations was considerable, especially in fish and gull isolates when compared with clinical human isolates. The current study demonstrates the potential importance of fish and gulls in terms of human Aeromonas infections.
Effect of Probiotics on the Treatment of Children With Atopic Dermatitis
(Korean dermatological Assoc, 2012) Yesilova, Yavuz; Calka, Omer; Akdeniz, Necmettin; Berktas, Mustafa
Background: Atopic dermatitis, a chronic recurrent disease, is frequently encountered in clinical practice. In the last 30 years, the prevalence of atopic dermatitis has rapidly increased due to industrialization. Therefore, there have been attempts in recent years to find new ways of treating and preventing atopic dermatitis. Objective: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, a combination of Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, and Lactobacillus salivarius strains were evaluated in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in pediatric patients. Methods: Forty pediatric patients (23 males and 17 females) aged 1 similar to 13 years were enrolled. One eligible individual who was approached declined to participate. The probiotic group was administered a probiotic complex containing B. bifidum, L. acidophilus, L. casei, and L. salivarius for 8 weeks. The placebo group, on the other hand, was administered skim milk powder and dextrose. All of the parameters including serum cytokines, eosinophil cationic protein), SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index, and total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) were measured in both the probiotic group and the placebo group at the end of 8 weeks. Results: Probiotic intervention in pediatric atopic dermatitis patients effectively reduced the SCORAD index and serum cytokines interleukin (IL)-5, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and total serum IgE levels, but did not reduce levels of serum cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, ECP, or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) compared to the placebo group. Conclusion: Our study found probiotics to be effective in reducing atopic dermatitis patients' SCORAD index, serum IL-5, IL-6, IFN-gamma, and total serum IgE levels but not effective in reducing serum IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, ECP, or TNF-alpha levels. (Ann Dermatol 24(2) 189 similar to 193, 2012)
Evaluation of Colistin-ampicillin/Sulbactam Combination Efficacy in Imipenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Strains
(Ankara Microbiology Soc, 2013) Cikman, Aytekin; Ceylan, Mehmet Resat; Parlak, Mehmet; Karahocagil, Mustafa Kasim; Berktas, Mustafa
The increasing emergence of multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains as nosocomial pathogens lead to the use of antimicrobial combinations in the treatment of infections due to these bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the MIC values of colistin and ampicillin/sulbactam and their in vitro synergistic activities by E-test in order to evaluate the effect of this combination against imipenem-resistant A.baumannii isolates. A total of 33 A.baumannii strains isolated from clinical specimens as etiologic agents of nosocomial infections and identified as imipenem-resistant were included in the study. Identification of the isolates was performed by conventional methods and their imipenem resistance was detected with BD Phoenix automated system (Becton Dickinson, USA). MIC values and in vitro synergistic activity of colistin and ampicillin/sulbactam combination were analyzed by E-test (AB Biodisk, Sweden) on Mueller-Hinton agar medium. Synergistic, additive, indifferent and antagonist effects of A.baumannii strains were evaluated by fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index. The combination was considered to be synergistic when the FIC index was <= 0.5, additive when it was 1- > 0.5 and antagonistic when >= 2. Of the 33 strains included in the study, 21 were resistant to colistin; 30 were resistant and 3 were moderately susceptible to ampicillin/sulbactam. MIC50 and MIC90 values and MIC range of A.baumannfi strains for colistin were 8, 32 and 0.13-128 mu g/ml; for ampicillin/sulbactam those values were 48, 256 and 12-256 mu g/ml, respectively. According to the FIC indices, 15 strains showed synergistic, four additive, five indifferent and nine antagonistic activity to colistin and ampicillin/sulbactam combination. Among the 12 colistin-susceptible strains, nine showed antagonistic, two indifferent and one synergistic activity to the tested combination while among the 21 colistin-resistant strains 14 showed synergistic, four additive and three indifferent activity. As a result, the combination of colistin with ampicillin/sulbactam, demonstrated high synergistic activity in vitro. While the synergistic effect of this combination was more significant in colistin-resistant strains, antagonistic effect of colistin-susceptible strains was found to be notable. Therefore, colistin resistance should be primarily determined before using colistin and ampicillin/sulbactam combination in A.baumannfi infections since this combination seemed to be more effective in case of colistin resistance. However, these data should be supported by further advanced clinical studies.
Evaluation of Hbv-Dna in Patients With Different Serologic Markers
(Galenos Yayincilik, 2005) Guducuoglu, Huseyin; Bozkurt, Hamza; Yaman, Gorkem; Kutluay, Nihat; Berktas, Mustafa
In this study, patients infected with HBV with uncharacteristic serologic markers were interpreted and their probable clinical stages were determined. With this purpose, 75 patients were evaluated for HBV-DNA and hepatitis serologic markers. HBV-DNA results were obtained using bDNA-Bayer kits and serologic markers were detected using microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA) kits. From 75 patients, 54 (72%) were HBV-DNA positive, and 35 (64.8%) of them were HBeAg positive. From 21 (28%) patients who are HBV-DNA negative, only 1 (4.8%) patient was HBeAg positive. HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBc IgM and anti-HBc IgG of 46 patients were compared with HBV-DNA results simultaneously and 31 (67.4%) patients were HBV-DNA positive and HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBc IgM, anti-HBc IgG results were positive in 29 (63%), 22 (48%), 7 (15%), 1 (2%), and 29 (63%) patients respectively. In 15 (33%) patients with negative HBV-DNA results, HBsAg in 14 (30%), HBeAg in 1 (2%), anti-HBe in 13 (28%), anti-HBc IgG in 14 (30%) were positive, and none of them were positive for anti-HBc IgM.
Evaluation of Nosocomial Infections.and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles in the Anesthesiology Intensive Care Unit
(Galenos Yayincilik, 2010) Goktas, Ugur; Yaman, Gorkem; Karahocagil, Mustafa Kasim; Bilici, Adnan; Kati, Ismail; Berktas, Mustafa; Akdeniz, Hayrettin
Objective: We aimed to determine the etiological agents of nosocomial infections and susceptibility patterns in our intensive care unit (ICU). Materials and methods: The study included 341 patients (mean age 47.8-122.7 years) who were admitted to our ICU longer than 72 hours between May 2007 and July 2008. All the patients were followed-up daily together with infectious disease specialists. Nosocomial infections were defined according to the CDC criteria (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Blood cultures and cultures from infectious foci were taken from patients who were thought to have a nosocomial infection. Results: A total of 141 episodes of nosocomial infection developed in 57 patients (16.7%), including ventilator-associated pneumonia (74 episodes, 52.5%), primary bacteremia (n=49, 34.8%), urinary system infections (n=15, 10.6%), and surgical site infections (n=3, 2.1%). Isolated bacteria were as follows: S. aureus (22%), P. aeruginosa (15.6%), Acinetobacter spp. (14.2%), E. coli (14.2%), Klebsiella spp (11.4%), coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CNS) (7.8%), Enterococcus spp. (5%), Enterobacter spp. (4.3%), S. pneumoniae (2.8%), and S. maltophilia (2.1%). Resistance rates to oxacillin were 90.3% in S. aureus and 81.8% in CNS isolates. In Enterococcus spp., resistance to ampicillin was 71.4%, high-level aminoglycoside resistance was 85.7%, with no resistance to vancomycin. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-positive strains accounted for 70% for E. coil and 93.7% for Klebsiella species. Conclusion: Monitoring of nosocomial infections and infectious agents together with resistance rates in the ICU has great importance in both the prevention of infections and rational antibiotic use.
Evaluation of Pandemic Influenza a (H1n1) Cases in Van Region
(Nobel Ilac, 2014) Cikman, Aytekin; Berktas, Mustafa; Parlak, Mehmet; Bayram, Yasemin; Yaman, Gorkem
Objective: Influenza viruses have retained their importance throughout history by creating pandemics since the segmental structure of the RNA undergo frequent genetic changes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) cases detected our region. Material and Method: Totally 570 patients were registered with pre-diagnosis of Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) infection in five different hospitals located in Van region between 15 October 2009 - 15 January 2010. After nasopharyngeal/throat swab samples were taken from patients, they were sent to Refik Saydam Hygiene Center (RSHC) in accordance with the rules of biosafety, and specimens were investigated for Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) 2009 by using Real-Time PCR method. Results: Pandemic Influenza A (HI NI) was determined by RSHC as positive for 220 patients. 36 of these patients were in intensive care conditions, 85 were hospitalized and 16 passed away. 109 patients, who were diagnosed with Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1), were within range of 6-25 years. All patients in this age range were treated and discharged. The most common symptoms of patients who were hospitalized were defined as cough and fever In these patients, the most common risk factors were as follows; being <5 years, having the cardiovascular disease, using immunosuppressive drugs and having lung disease. Conclusion: Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) infections are more frequent in young adults and patients without risk factor, unlike seasonal flu. When examining its effect on the society, Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 constitutes a good opportunity in terms of preparation of inevitable struggling with pandemics in the future.
Evaluation of Western Blot Method for the Detection of Antibodies To Helicobacter Pylori Antigens in Patients With Gastric Carcinoma and Cases With Epigastric Complaints
(Ankara Microbiology Soc, 2010) Guducuoglu, Huseyin; Berktas, Mustafa; Bozkurt, Hamza; Ozer, Turkan Toka; Bulut, Guelay; Ozturk, Oznur; Ilhan, Mahmut
Helicobacter pylori proteins CagA (cytotoxin-associated gene A) and VacA (vacuolating cytotoxin A) are among the virulence factors of this species. CagA gene carrying H.pylori strains are particularly associated with gastric adenocarsinoma. This study was conducted to evaluate Western Blot (WB) method to determine specific H.pylori antibodies in a group of patients with gastric cancer and in a control group with no malignancy. A total of 99 patients with gastric cancer (94 adenocarcinoma, 2 adenosquamous cell carcinoma, 3 non-Hodgkin lymphoma) and 150 control cases with epigastric complaints such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastroesophageal reflux and abdominal pain, were included to the study. H.pylori IgG-ELISA was positive in all study (mean age: 56.7 +/- 1.2 years, 62 male) and control (mean age: 24.2 +/- 1.3 years, 64 male) patients. Specific antibodies against CagA, VacA, OMP (outer membrane protein)-67, urease-A, urease-B, HSP (heat shock protein) and flagellin antigens determined by a commercial WB-based kit (RIDA Blot Helicobacter, R-Biopham GmbH, Germany). Interestingly, no anti-VacA positivity was detected in none of the patient and control groups. The positivity rates for H.pylori CagA, OMP-67, urease A, urease-B, flagellin and HSP specific antibodies were as 78%, 54%, 37%, 60%, 53% and 82% in the gastric cancer group and 85%, 71%, 55%, 43%, 61% and 75% in the control group, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05) between gastric carcinoma and control groups in terms of CagA, HSP and flagellin antibodies (p> 0.05). On the other hand, a statistically significant difference was found between the 2 groups in terms of urease-A, urease-B and OMP-67 (p< 0.01). These results suggested that this test should be assessed again by the manufacturer for its detection power directed towards specific H.pylori antibodies, especially for Vac-A. Further molecular and clinical studies are necessary to determine the factors that affect H.pylori virulence and disease prognosis.
Exploring the Antimicrobial Effects of Cervical Mucus in Pregnants and Its Relationship With the Course of Pregnancy
(Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2010) Gul, Abdulaziz; Tuncer, Hatice; Berktas, Mustafa
Objective: To investigate whether the cervical mucus in pregnants has antimicrobial activity in vitro and to determine its relationship with prognosis of pregnancy. Material and Methods: Cervical mucus samples were collected from 50 women with single pregnancy during the first trimester. Sterilized Wartman papers were soaked into mucus samples and dried under sterile conditions. Culturing was performed by disk diffusion method which uses Miller Hinton medium and Mac-Farland 0.5 solution prepared with Staphylococcus amens, Escherichia colt, Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida albicans. Positive or negative zones were determined by measuring the diameters of inhibition zones occurred following 18 hours incubation period. Prognosis of pregnants with or without antimicrobial effect of cervical mucus were compared. Results: In 28 cases, it was demonstrated that cervical mucus had antimicrobial effects. During the follow-up period of 27 pregnants, 22(81.5%) gave viable birth in term, 3 (11.1%) had abortus, and 1 (3.7%) had early membrane rupture at 36th week of gestation. In 22 cases, cervical mucus showed no antimicrobial effect. 20 of these followed-up and 14 (70.0%) participants gave viable birth at term, 3 (15.0%) had abortus, and 2 (10.0%) had preterm delivery. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of pregnancy prognosis. Conclusion: Cervical mucus prevents infections from vagina to upper genital organs not only mechanically but also by functioning as a chemical barrier. In our study, it is established that presence or absence antimicrobial effect of mucus does not have a significant impact on the prognosis of pregnancy. We think that studies with greater number of participants may give different results.
Hepatitis D Virus Seroprevalence Determined During Periods of Hepatitis B Virus Infections in Eastern Turkey
(Galenos Yayincilik, 2009) Guzel Kurtoglu, Muhammed; Ustun, Cerna; Bozkurt, Hamza; Tuncer, Oguz; Berktas, Mustafa
A serological marker of Hepatitis D virus (HDV), anti-HDV JgG was investigated in the sera of 955 patients with Hepatititis B virus (HBV), who were admitted to Van Yuzuncu Yil University Medical School Hospital and Van Yuksek Ihtisas Education and Research Hospital in Van between January 2004 and December 2005. In this prospective study, markers of HBV serology were investigated in Axsym System device via macro-ELISA method, but anti-HDV JgG was investigated via HDV JgG Qua/it kits using micro-ELISA method. HBV DNA tests were conducted using Bayer Versant HBV DNA3.0 Assay reactives and Quantiplex TM System b-DNAAnalyzer device. A total of, 955 HBV-infected patients between 6 and 97 years of age were included into the study. Of the patients, 35.3% had acute HBV infections, 54.6% had chronic HBV-infections and 10.2% were inactive HBsAg carriers. Of 955 HBV-infected patients, 5.8% were anti-HDV lgG positive. Of HDV seropositive patients, 43.6% had acute HBV infections, 52.7% had chronic HBV infections, and 3.6% were inactive HBsAg carriers. HDV seroprevalence rate found in the study was determined to be lower than that among general population in Turkey. Since HBV/eads to HDV in only HBV-infected individuals,. HDV should be investigated in HBV-infected patients.
Identification and Determination of Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Brucella Strains Isolated From Patients in Van, Turkey by Conventional and Molecular Methods
(Ivyspring int Publ, 2013) Parlak, Mehmet; Guducuoglu, Huseyin; Bayram, Yasemin; Cikman, Aytekin; Aypak, Cenk; Kilic, Selcuk; Berktas, Mustafa
Purpose: Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease and still constitutes a major public health problem. In this study, we aimed to identify biovars of Brucella strains isolated from clinical specimens taken from brucellosis patients from the Eastern Anatolia region as well determine the susceptibility of these isolates to tigecycline and azithromycin, drugs that may serve as alternatives to the conventional drugs used in the therapy. Materials and methods: Seventy-five Brucella spp. isolates were included in the study. All strains were identified by both conventional and molecular methods. Brucella Multiplex PCR kit (FC-Biotech, Code: 0301, Turkey) and B. melitensis biovar typing PCR kit (FC-Biotech, Code: 0302, Turkey) were used for molecular typing. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of all strains were determined by E-tests. Results: By conventional biotyping, 73 strains were identified as B. melitensis biovar 3 and two strains as B. abortus biovar 3. Molecular typing results were compatible with conventional methods. The MIC50 and MIC90 values of doxycycline were 0.047 and 0.094; tigecycline 0.094 and 0.125; trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 0.064 and 0.19; ciprofloxacin 0.19 for both; streptomycin 0.75 and 1; rifampin 1 and 2 and azithromycin 4 and 8. According to the MIC values, doxycycline was found to be the most effective antibiotic, followed by tigecycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Currently recommended antibiotics for the treatment of brucellosis such as doxycycline, rifampin, streptomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin were found to be still effective. While our results showed that tigecycline can be used an alternative agent in the treatment of brucellosis, azithromycin has not been confirmed as an appropriate agent for the treatment.
Investigation of Borrelia Burgdorferi Seroprevalence in Van Region of Turkey
(Galenos Publ House, 2008) Bozkurt, Hamza; Ciftci, Ihsan Hakki; Guducuoglu, Huseyin; Berktas, Mustafa; Korkoca, Han F.; Akdeniz, Hayrettin
A total of 460 sera (226 from women and 234 from men) were obtained randomizedly in the region of Van. In the sera samples, the antibody of B. burgdorferi was investigated. For the purpose of distinguishing between B. burgdorferi antigens and the other diseases with similar antigenic characteristics, rheumatoid factor and Treponema pallidum antibody assays were performed. At the end of the study, total seropositivity was found as 6.3%, being 5.75% in women and 6.84% in men. Besides, the rate of seropositivity in the rural areas of Van, especially Ozalp (22.58%), Caldiran (18.75%) and Baskale (10%) was found higher. In conclusion, Lyme borreliosis can not be ignored in the region of Van, especially in rural areas and preventive medicine services should be aware of this disease.
Investigation of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (Esbl) Genes in Esbl-Producing Escherichia Coli and Klebsiella Pneumoniae Strains
(Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi, 2018) Bektas, Abdullah; Guducuoglu, Huseyin; Gursoy, Nafia Canan; Berktas, Mustafa; Gultepe, Bilge Sumbul; Parlak, Mehmet; Takerekoglu, Mehmet Sait
Introduction: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae is an important health problem all over the world. In this study, it was aimed to determine the ESBL genes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated for approximately four-year period. Materials and Methods: A total 100 ESBL-producing E. coli and 100 ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae strains which were isolated between January 2008 and October 2012 were included into this study. The strains were identified using classical bacteriologic methods and BD Phoenix (Becton Dickinson, US) automatized bacterial identification device. CTX-M, TEM, SHV, VEB, GES, PER and OXA beta-lactamase genes were analyzed with the PCR method. Results: The beta-lactamase genes detected in ESBL-positive K. pneumoniae strains were as follows: 99% for CTX-M, 91% for SHV, 71% for TEM, 10% for OXA-10 group, and 5% for OXA-2 group. In E. coli strains, the prevalence of CTX-M was 92%; TEM was 70%, SHV was 21%, and OXA-2 group was 3%. CTX-M alone was found to be positive in 25 of the 98 (25.5%) in E. coli strains; TEM alone was found to be positive in 2 of 98 (2%) and SHV alone was found in 2 of 98 (2%). CTX-M alone was found positive in 3 of 100 (3%) K. pneumoniae strains. No other resistance genes alone were found in the strains. No GES, VEB and PER-producing strains were determined in this study. Conclusion: In the study, high prevalence of CTX-M beta-lactamase was found in ESBL-producing strains. It was thought that the high potential of mobility with CTX-M genes was the most possible reason for this result. Determination of ESBL genes will be useful to understand resistance epidemiology, develop effective therapeutic strategies, and plan the appropriate preventive measurements.
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Strains Isolated From Van Region Four Different Sensitivity Detection Method Antimycobacterial Agents
(Turkish Assoc Tuberculosis & Thorax, 2014) Baykal, Elif Sanem; Guducuoglu, Huseyin; Yaman, Gorkem; Berktas, Mustafa
Introduction: The purpose of this study is detecting the susceptibility rates of 58 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains which were isolated from patient specimens sent to our mycobacteriology laboratory, for major anti-tuberculosis drugs like streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol with three different systems and agar proportion method and compare the accessibility, speed, specificity and sensitivity of these three systems. Materials and Methods: With this purpose, 58 (96.6%) strains out of 60 which were isolated from the patients attended to the mycobacteriology laboratory were identified as M. tuberculosis complex with conventional methods. These strains susceptibilities to four major anti-tuberculosis drugs were detected with Manuel MGIT AST SIRE system, BacT/ALERT 3D system MB/BacT SIRE, TK anti-TB system and compared with reference method in Middlebrook 7H10 media. Results: As a result, INH resistance in Van province with agar proportion method was detected as 12%, followed by INH + RIF resistance of 1.7% and INH + SM resistance of 1.7%. These result compared with other studies conducted country wide are in median range. The systems included in our study were determined to have 100% sensitivity for all of the drugs for detecting resistance and sensitivity rates. Specificities for INH for TK anti-TB, MGIT and MB/BacT were detected as 98%, 96% and 95% respectively. Multidrug resistance rates were detected in 100% sensitivity and specificity with all of the three systems. Only MB/BacT system gave a false negative RIF resistance for 1 strain. Fastest system according to resistance determination times is found to be the MGIT system. Conclusion: However, presence of INH + RIF resistance pattern, indicates inadequate treatment programs in our region. As a result these three systems are fast and reliable systems for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium spp. to be used in routine mycobacteriology laboratories.
The Occurrence and Antibiotic Resistance of Motile Aeromonas in Livestock
(Springer, 2009) Ceylan, Ebubekir; Berktas, Mustafa; Agaoglu, Zahid
The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence of motile Aeromonas spp. in the faeces of clinically healthy sheep, cattle and horses and evaluate their susceptibility to some anti-microbial agents. Rectal swabs from 120 sheep, 85 cattle and 20 horses were examined for Aeromonas species using alkaline peptone water (pH 8.4) as the enrichment medium and Aeromonas Selective Agar containing 5 mg/l ampicillin as the isolation medium. Identification and antibiotic resistance of motile Aeromonas strains was performed using Gram Negative Enteric ID panel. Motile aeromonads were isolated from 12 (10%) sheep, 7 (8.2%) cattle and 1 (5%) horse. Of these 20 aeromonad isolates, 13 were A. caviae, 6 were A.sobria and 1 was A. hydrophila. Aeromonas species in the faeces of livestock might pose a public health problem for humans who are in direct contact with contaminated animals. However, further studies should be performed on aeromonads relating to their transmission between animals and humans.
The Prevalence of Brucellosis in Adults in Northeastern Region of Turkey
(Ahvaz Jundishapur Univ Med Sci, 2013) Arvas, Gulhan; Akkoyunlu, Yasemin; Berktas, Mustafa; Kaya, Bulent; Aslan, Turan
Background: Brucellosis is prevalent in the Mediterranean basin, the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian peninsula, and in parts of Central Asia, Africa, Central and South America. However it continues to be one of the major health problems in developing countries, including Turkey. Objectives: The current study aimed to determine the incidence of brucellosis, which is previewed to be very common in the northeastern region of Turkey, in order to emphasize the problem. Materials and Methods: Seroprevalence of brucellosis was examined in sera of 2913 patients who referred to Igdir State Hospital between February and December of the year 2010 by Standard Tube Agglutination Test method. Results: Results were statistically evaluated using chi-square trend analysis method. Significantly high level (1/40 dilution) of specific antibodies were detected in 525 (18 %) patient sera (P = 0.111). Conclusions: We hope that Turkey will be one of the brucellosis-free countries in near future with highlights from the current and further studies.
Prevalence of Hdv-Rna in Hbv-Dna Positive Patients
(Galenos Yayincilik, 2012) Berktas, Mustafa; Parlak, Mehmet; Cikman, Aytekin; Yuce, Metin; Yaman, Gorkem
Objective: Hepatitis D virus (HDV) requires Hepatitis B virus(HBV) for replication and may cause to severe acute and chronic hepatitis. HDV is more frequently detected in our region In this study, HDV-RNA frequency was investigated in HBVDNA-positive acute hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis B and HBsAg carriers. Materials and Methods: Results of 145 serum samples were examined for HDVRNA that was detected as HBV-DNA positive in our laboratory from September 2009 to June 2010. After isolation in serum samples using magnetic particle isolation technology (Easy One), the HBV-DNA (HBV Rotor Gene PCR Kit, Qiagen((R)), Hilden) and HDV-RNA (Primer Design, UK) were examined. Results: From a total of 145 patients with HBV-DNA positive serum samples, HDVRNA positivity was found in 15 (10.3%). Conclusion: Ratio that was obtained as 10.3% in this study is compatible with the data obtained from previously studies. Considering the presence of HBV DNA negative, delta IgG positive and HDV RNA negative cases with chronic Hepatitis D, it should be addressed that the given rate would further rise. Routine HDV screening in patients presenting with findings of acute or chronic liver diseases, implementation of appropriate isolation precautions for HBV and community-wide vaccination against HBV are crucial to combat with HDV infection.
The Relationship of Hepatitis C Seroprevalence and Age, Sex, and Hemodialysis Time of Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
(Galenos Yayincilik, 2006) Kurtoglu, Muhammet Guzel; Bozkurt, Hamza; Kesli, Recep; Berktas, Mustafa
In the present study which investigates the effect of hemodialysis time to hepatit C virus (HCV) seroprevalence, sera belonging to 216 patients treated with hemodialysis from three centers were used as materials. Microparticle Enzyme Immune Assay (MEIA) and chemiluminescence assays were used to investigate anti-HCV antibodies in patients sera and the obtained results were recorded. The relationship among sex, age and hemodialysis time of the patients and the obtained results were investigated. It was established that anti-HCV positivity is 23.2% in men and 14.4% in women, and mean HCV seroprevalence is 19%. The mean age of the patient is 47.8 +/- 17.3 year, mean dialysis time is 47.8 +/- 42.5 month. In conclusion, while there is not any relationship among anti-HCV positivity, sex and the age of patients, there was statistically important relationship between anti-HCV positivity and beginning time to dialysis (r=0.501, p=0.0001).
The Research of Clonal Relationship Among Aeromonas Strains Isolated From Human, Animal and Drinking Water by Pfge
(Kafkas Univ, veteriner Fakultesi dergisi, 2013) Korkoca, Hanifi; Berktas, Mustafa; Durmaz, Riza; Gursoy, Nafia Canan
Aeromonads infect human through potable water and causes various infections. Their existence in animal are being assessed as potential risk for human health. The aim of this study was to investigate clonal relationship among 52 Aeromonas strains isolated from human with diarrhea (14 strains), healthy food workers (2 strains), animals (24 strains) and drinking water (12 strains) by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Clonal relation was determined between one diarrheic human isolate and one cattle isolate. No clonal relation was determined between drinking water and human isolates. Two fish isolates, A. caviae and A. sobria, were not distinguished PFGE patterns. Consequently no predominant clone was determined while clonal related strains were determined. Particularly, it is necessary to elicit the epidemiological importance of animals in respect of human Aeromonas infections and extensive studies are required for identification of environmental isolates.