Browsing by Author "Bora, G."

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Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance Among Kpc-3 Positive Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Strains Isolated From Intensive Care Unit Patients
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2025) Akgul, O.; Bora, G.
The increase in antibiotic resistance among microorganisms is an issue of utmost importance. Specifically, the resistance to carbapenem and extended-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics in gram-negative bacteria has had a considerable impact on patient morbidity and mortality rates. This research is centered around the examination of severe infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and KPC-3 in patients who have been admitted to intensive care units. P. aeruginosa strains were collected from the intensive care units of Van Training and Research Hospital. In order to conduct a thorough microbiological analysis of these strains, various methods including culture, biochemical tests, antibiogram tests, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were employed. A total of 126 carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains were extracted from patients within intensive care units. Among these isolates, 17 were identified as being both multidrug-resistant and positive for KPC-3. Interestingly, all of the identified strains exhibited sensitivity to Amikacin, Piperacillin, Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Gentamicin, Colistin, Fosfomycin and Tigecycline. The identification of KPC-3 positive P. aeruginosa strains among patients in our hospital highlights a concerning issue. It has been observed that this presence increases the risk of both mortality and morbidity in affected patients. Consequently, it has been deemed crucial to address this matter in terms of hospital surveillance practices and the implementation of strategies to combat antibiotic resistance. © 2025, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance of Kpc-2 Klebsiella Pneumoniae Strains Isolated From Blood Cultures in Van, Turkey
(Verduci Editore s.r.l, 2024) Akgül, Ö.; Körkoca, H.; Bora, G.
OBJECTIVE: Recently, Klebsiella pneumoniae strains causing bacteremia and showing significant antibiotic resistance have raised serious health concerns. Especially carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae has spread worldwide and caused an increase in mortality rates. In this study, we aimed to present information about KPC-2 carriage and molecular characteristics of K. pneumoniae strains showing multiple antibiotic resistance among patients in our hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Blood samples were collected from patients hospitalized in the intensive care units (ICU) of Van Regional Training and Research Hospital between 2020-2021. Culture, biochemical tests, antibiotic susceptibility tests, and molecular tests were performed to identify K. pneumoniae strains isolated from blood culture samples. RESULTS: Two hundred and sixteen K. pneumoniae were isolated from patients with positive blood cultures. Twenty-seven of these isolates showed multidrug resistance. Carbapenem, β-lactam, and quinolone resistance were particularly high. On the contrary, almost all of these isolates were susceptible to Amikacin (AK), Gentamicin (CN), Colistin (CT) and Tigecycline (TGC). Molecular analysis revealed that all of these isolates were KPC-2-positive and ST11 variants. CONCLUSIONS: It was observed that KPC-2positive K. pneumoniae strains with multi-drug resistance may pose a serious risk in patients hospitalized in ICU in our hospital. It was concluded that surveillance and personnel training regarding the hospital and community-acquired infections due to these isolates that show pandemic spread would be important. © 2024 Verduci Editore s.r.l. All rights reserved.
Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Gram-Positive Bacteria Isolated From Blood Culture Samples in Patients With Catheter Infection
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2023) Akgul, O.; Bora, G.
Bloodstream enfections, which is common and often lethal, is a serious public health problem. There is consensus that the incidence is increased in patients with sepsis due to an aging population, increased use of immunosuppressi ve therapy, and high-risk interventions. In this study, 750 patients with suspected sepsis hospitalized in intensive care units in the Health Education University Training and Research Hospital were evaluated. 750 patients were classified according to thei r age and sex. Bacteria were isolated from their blood cultures. Biochemical tests such as catalase test, oxidase test, Gram staining and Coagulaz test were performed. Vitek 2 Compact (Biomerieux, USA) device was used for identification of bacteria and eva luation of the antibiogram test. The mecA genes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Two hundred and four Gram-positive bacteria from 750 (375 male and 375 female) were isolated in the blood culture samples taken from the intensive care units. 101 (26.9%) and 103 (27.5%) bacteria were isolated from 375 each male and female patients, respectively. Slime factor was positive in 47 of the coagulase negative bacteria. Twelve methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates were positive for mecA gene carriage. Identification of the bacteria causing sepsis in our hospital and determining the antibiotic resistance rates were found quite important. Among the causative agents of sepsis, effect of the presence of methicillin and multidrug resistance bacteria on humman health were found to be very important. © 2023, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
Examination of Atypical Located Hydatid Cyst Disease in Eastern Turkey
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2016) Bora, G.; Sünnetçioğlu, A.; Sünnetçioğlu, M.; Bora, A.; Yılmaz, Ö.; Çim, N.; Baran, A.İ.
The hydatid cyst disease is a zoonotic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus. It usually causes infection in the liver and lungs. To a lesser extent, it may cause infection in the spleen, heart, bones and central nervous system. In this study, serological examination of hydatid cyst cases showing localization out of liver and lungs has been aimed. The clinical, radiological, and serological findings of a total 435 patients included to the examination between May 2010 and 2013, have been evaluated together. The indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test results were retrospectively scanned from hospital database of 288 patients among those who have received treatment because of hydatid cyst. The findings have been evaluated statistically through Chi-square trend analysis method according to ages and their localizations. According to the data obtained, 12 (7.2%) of 288 patients showing atypical localization in IHA (Indirect hemagglutination) results were positive and 13(9.6%) of them were found negative (p=3.393). According to the IHA results of 263 patients showing localization in liver and lungs 151 of them were positive and 112 of them were negative (p=3.393). The hydatid cyst is a disease that can be seen in every age range, besides, atypical localizations can also be seen in any age range. In terms of protecting public health, the public’s awareness should be raised and a greater emphasis on prevention methods are needed. © 2017 Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
Investigation of Antibiotic Resistance Genes of Beta-Hemolytic and Non-Hemolytic Streptococci With Molecular Methods
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2019) Bora, G.; Akgül, Ö.; Kıymaz, E.N.
Infectious diseases have been one of the most important problems affecting all societies since the existence of mankind. Streptococci, one of the causes of these diseases, can be found in the normal flora of the mouth, nose, throat, skin, digestion and genital system in humans. Streptococci are an important cause of diseases in humans such as meningitis, acute otitis media, rhinosinusitis and community-acquired pneumonia. In this study, various clinical samples belonging to the disease were taken between January and September 2015. All necessary permission documents and the ethics committee approval numbered 2 and dated 13.11.2014 for clinical investigations were obtained. The collected samples were brought to the Microbiology Laboratory of Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Medical Faculty. Analyzes of determined and identified antibiotic resistance genes of isolated and identified streptococci strains were carried out in the Microbiology laboratory of Yüzüncü Yıl University Faculty of Pharmacy by PCR. The detection of pbp1a for penicillin G antibiotic, pbp2x for cefotaxime antibiotic, and gyrA resistance genes for quinolone antibiotics were targeted. In this study, the primers used in Table-2 were taken as reference. A total of 30 streptococcus strains were isolated and identified from various clinical samples including 8 sputum, 6 urine, 5 BOS, 4 blood, 4 nasopharyngeal swab, 2 ear effusion and 1 abscess. As a result of the PCR analysis, the resistance of pbp1a was found in 6 of the streptococcal isolates, pbp2x in 8, and resistance in the gyrA gene region in 5. In our study, no three resistance genes were found in 22 isolates and the presence of all three (pbp1a, pbp2x and gyrA) resistance genes in 5 isolates was determined. It is expected that the data obtained from this research will contribute to national and international knowledge accumulation. © 2019, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All Rights Reserved.
Investigation of Brucella Seroprevalence in Human and Livestocks in Igdır, Turkey
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2016) Bora, G.; Akkoyunlu, Y.; Berköz, M.; Açıkgöz, G.; Berktaş, M.; Altındağ, F.; Bora, A.
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease of worldwide and still remains endemic in some developing countries, especially in Turkey. Milk is the main food product serving as a vector for Brucella. In this study we aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of human and animal brucellosis. The study group consisted of 358 subjects who had high risk occupations of animal breeder and farmer. The test results were interpreted and titers equal or in excess of 1/40 were considered significant. 189 farm animals were incorporated to our research. Among these animals, 104 of them were sheep and goat and 85 of them were cattle. The Brucellosis Milk Ring Test was used to test raw milk samples collected the selected herds in the study area. The seroprevalence of human brucellosis was 6.7%. Seroprevalence of animal brucellosis was found as 22.75% in livestocks. This study is important for being the first study in recent years that demonstrates the Brucella seropositivity rates in Igdır Province. This high seropositivity in our region may depend on the high rates of animal brucellosis; those of which were inadequate under control by veterinary and by vaccination and people who consume the milk by without boiling. © 2016 Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
The Molecular Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance and Identification of the Aerobic Bacteria Isolated From Pleural Fluids Obtained From Patients
(Verduci Editore s.r.l, 2022) Bora, G.; Akgül, Ö.; Gülaçar, E.; Sayir, F.
OBJECTIVE: Pleural effusion is a common clinical condition due to various etiological causes. Infectious pleural effusion can be seen in 20-40% of patients. In this study, follow-up of patients admitted to our hospital and diagnosed with pleural effusion are reported. It was aimed to investigate the prevalence of bacteria isolated from patients with pleural effusion and their antibiotic resistance profiles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The pleural fluids obtained from the patients during surgical operations were analyzed microbiologically. Conventional culture, Vitek 2, 16S rRNA, and single Polymerase Chain Reaction (sPCR) were used for microbiological analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-two (12.2%) bacteria were isolated from 180 patients. The most prominent of them were 16 (8.8%) Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. As for the antibiotic sensitivity, gram-negative bacteria showed the highest sensitivity to colistin, while Gram-positive bacteria showed sensitivity to different antibiotics. In 16S rRNA PCR, 22 samples were found to be positive. In the analysis of antibiotic resistance genes, the OXA-48 gene was determined as the highest. CONCLUSIONS: In our region, it is essential to perform a microbiological analysis of the sample in patients with pleural effusion. It was thought that revealing both the phenotype and genotype of the antibiotic resistance of the patients was important in terms of treatment. In hospital surveillance, it was considered important to reveal and record the resistance gene profiles of the patients. © 2022 Verduci Editore s.r.l. All rights reserved.
Molecular Analysis of Ndm-1 Positive Klebsiella Pneumoniae Strains Isolated From Patients With Bacteremia Due To Urinary System Infection
(Aras Part Medical International Press, 2022) Akgül, Ö.; Bora, G.
Introduction: Health concerns about Klebsiella pneumoniae, which causes urinary tract infections (UTIs) and sepsis, are increasing worldwide. In addition, New Delhi metallo-ß-lactamase (NDM) carrier K. pneumoniae and other Gram-negative bacteria appear to cause serious clinical problems. This study aimed to reveal NDM-1 positive K. pneumoniae carrier status, molecular properties, and antibiotic resistance differences of patients who have bacteremia due to urinary system infections. Methods: Blood culture, biochemical tests, Vitek2, polymerase chain reaction, sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) methods were used for the microbiological analysis of K. pneumoniae strains. Results: Overall, 146 K. pneumoniae strains were obtained from the cultures, 16 of which were found to be NDM-1 positive. Although these strains were discovered to have resistance to the authorized antibiotics, they were sensitive to gentamicin (CN), colistin (CT), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT). Furthermore, it was found that the resistance rates of carbapenem (ertapenem (Etp), imipenem (Ipm), and meropenem (Mem)) were high. All K. pneumoniae strains represented extended-spectrum beta-lactam resistance. It was found that the phylogenetic affinities of K. pneumoniae strains were higher with Asian strains. Five and eleven K. pneumoniae isolates were determined to be ST17 and ST147 type variations, respectively, as a conclusion of the MLST study. Conclusions: It was observed that the presence of NDM-1-positive K. pneumoniae may pose a serious problem in patients with bacteremia caused by UTI. It has been demonstrated that it is important to develop preventive and control measures in the hospital by considering NDM-1-positive K. pneumoniae strains with multi-drug resistance. © 2022, Aras Part Medical International Press. All rights reserved.
Molecular Analysis of Oxa-48 Producing K. Pneumoniae Strains Isolated From Patients With Catheter-Associated Sepsis Br
(verduci Publisher, 2022) Akgul, O.; Bora, G.
OBJECTIVE: K. pneumoniae is an important cause of hospital and community-acquired infections. In particular, carbapenem-resistant strains of K. pneumoniae spread globally, increasing the public health risk. This study aims to sequence and phylogenetically analyze K. pneumoniae strains isolated from blood cultures of patients in intensive care units in our hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, blood samples were collected from patients with catheter-related sepsis. Culture, biochemical, antibiotic susceptibility, and molecular tests were performed as microbiological analyses. RESULTS: Twenty-four K. pneumoniae strains showing multidrug resistance by isolating 276 K. pneumoniae were included in the study. It was determined that they showed the highest resisAcid, Ceftazidime, and Ceftriaxone. The comparison determined that K. pneumoniae isolates from different countries isolated from blood cultures had closeness and distance in OXA-48. CONCLUSIONS: After multilocus sequence typing, all of our 24 K. pneumoniae isolates were determined to be ST11.
Pai-1 and Tpa Gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility To Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Sample of Turkish Population
(Pakistan Medical Association, 2020) Sunnetcioglu, A.; Berkoz, M.; Yildirim, M.; Bora, G.; Yalin, S.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) 4G/5G or tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) I/D polymorphisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cases in a sample of Turkish population. Methods: PAI-1 4G/5G and tPA Alu-repeat I/D genetic polymorphisms in 153 COPD subjects and 160 controls were investigated using PCR-RFLP and PCR methods, respectively. Results: 4G allele frequency was 0.62 and 0.39 for COPD and control groups, respectively. 4G allele had an estimated 2.56-fold [95% CI = 1.85-3.53] increased risk of COPD. tPA I allele frequency was 0.55 and 0.50, for COPD and control groups, respectively. I allele had an estimated 1.19-fold [95% CI = 0.87-1.62] increased risk of COPD Conclusions: PAI-1 4G/4G and 4G/5G genotypes seemed to play a key role in the pathophysiology of COPD in Turkish individuals. © 2020 Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis of the Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Gram Negative Bacteria Isolated From the Blood Culture Samples
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2021) Akgul, O.; Bora, G.; Kustan, A.
Sepsis, which is common and often lethal, is a serious public health problem. There is consensus that the incidence is increased in patients with sepsis due to an aging population, which leads to an increase in the use of immunosuppressive therapy, and high-risk interventions. Seven hundred fifty patients with suspected sepsis hospitalized in intensive care units in the Health Education University Van Training and Research Hospital were evaluated. These patients were classified according to their age and sex. Bacteria were isolated from their blood cultures. Biochemical tests such as catalase, oxidase tests and Gram staining were performed. Vitek 2 Compact (Biomerieux, USA) device was used for identification of bacteria and evaluation of the antibiogram test. The blaOXA-48 and blaIMP genes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for those which display multidrug resistance to certain antibiotics. One hundred and sixteen Gram negative bacteria were isolated. Among them, 44 Klebsiella pneumoniae (37.9%), 40 Acinetobacter baumannii (34.5%), 27 Escherichia coli (23.3%) and 5 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.3%) were identified. Eleven multidrug-resistant bacteria were assessed by Vitek 2 Compact device. Among them, two K. pneumoniae isolates were found to be blaOXA-48 carriers, whereas blaIMP gene was not found in any of eleven isolates. The presence of the bacteria with carbapenem, extended β-lactamase and multidrug resistance among the infectious bacteria may create a risk for human health. The risk factors may vary depending on age and gender in patients with sepsis and bloodstream infections. It was concluded that surveillance reports should be regulated according to this fact. © 2021, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.