Browsing by Author "Cabir, B."

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Effects of Adding Phthalocyanine To Gasoline Fuel on Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions in Spark Ignition Engine
(Begell House Inc., 2024) Yakin, A.; Cabir, B.
In this study, phthalocyanines as fuel additives were added to petrol fuel at different ratios by volume and tested in terms of engine performance and exhaust emissions. In the experimental study, the change in engine torque of PG5, PG15, and PG25 blended fuels compared to gasoline fuel was 3.5% decrease, 0.37% increase, and 3.59% increase, respectively. Specific fuel consumption decreased by 6.09% for PG5 fuel, 3.53% for PG15 fuel, and 5.08% for PG25 fuel compared to petrol fuel. The exhaust gas temperature increased by 7.18%, decreased by 0.39%, and decreased by 3.31% with the use of PG5, PG15, and PG25 blended fuels compared to petrol fuel, respectively. CO emissions of PG5, PG15, and PG25 blended fuels decreased by 58.88%, 46.99%, and 53.19%, respectively, compared to gasoline fuel. HC, CO2, and NOx emissions of blended fuels increased compared to petrol fuel. Phthalocyanines additives are a type of fuel additive that can help to reduce both fuel consumption and harmful emissions. This can lead to a decrease in vehicle-related environmental pollution. © 2024 by Begell House, Inc.
The Nonlinear Optical Characteristics of Nickel and Lanthanum Phthalocyanine Complexes Possessing Sulfonylphenoxy Functionalities
(Elsevier B.V., 2026) Cabir, B.; Kabakci, Y.G.; Kılıç, H.Ş.
Two novel sulfonylphenoxy-substituted lanthanum (LaPc) and nickel (NiPc) phthalocyanine complexes were synthesized and thoroughly characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, UV-Vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, XRD, and XPS analyses. Their third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were evaluated via femtosecond laser Z-scan measurements. Structural and spectroscopic results confirmed the successful incorporation of sulfonylphenoxy groups and coordination of the respective metal centers. Comparative analysis revealed that the central metal ion strongly influenced molecular geometry, optical absorption, emission characteristics, and crystal organization. LaPc exhibited red-shifted absorption bands, enhanced fluorescence intensity, and prolonged emission lifetimes, whereas NiPc showed blue-shifted spectra and diminished quantum yields due to efficient intersystem crossing facilitated by the Ni2+ center. XRD and XPS data further substantiated these distinctions by indicating divergent coordination environments and crystal packing arrangements. The nonlinear absorption coefficient (β), nonlinear refractive index (n2), and third-order susceptibility (χ3) for both complexes were on the order of 10-11 cm/W, 10-16 cm2/W, and 10-14 esu, respectively. These results demonstrate that rational metal ion selection can effectively tailor the electronic and photophysical properties of phthalocyanines, highlighting their potential as advanced optical limiting materials for optoelectronic and photonic technologies. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.