Browsing by Author "Cicek, Gokhan"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Diverging Sex-Specific Long-Term Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Fasting Insulin and Glucose Levels in Non-Diabetic People
(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2012) Onat, Altan; Can, Gunay; Cicek, Gokhan; Dogan, Yuksel; Kaya, Hasan; Gumrukcuoglu, Hasan Ali; Yuksel, Husniye
Objectives: We determined in non-diabetic persons the associations of current smoking with future glucose and insulin concentrations. Design and methods: Middle-aged non-diabetic adults (n = 1071) were studied in whom these values were measured at baseline and 5.2-years later. Results: Age-adjusted fasting insulin concentrations in 137 smoking men remained lower than never smokers at both surveys. While age-adjusted fasting glucose values in male never smokers declined at follow-up (p = 0.037), they rose in male smokers. In 94 female smokers, age-adjusted fasting insulin values marginally declined, and fasting glucose was reduced (by 0.09 mmol/L., p = 0.055) during follow-up. In contrast in never-smoking women, insulin and glucose concentrations rose (p < 0.001 in both). Age-adjusted insulin levels in former smokers exhibited similar trends as never smokers. Trends were essentially unchanged when adjustment included body mass index. Current male smokers demonstrated evidence of reduced insulin sensitivity, female smokers of improved one, as assessed by QUICKI. Conclusion: Smoking among Turks induces at long-term lower fasting insulin levels which represent improved insulin sensitivity in women, yet a reduced one in men. (C) 2011 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Regional Distribution of All-Cause Mortality and Coronary Disease Incidence in Turkey: Findings of Turkish Adult Risk Factor Survey 2010
(Turkish Soc Cardiology, 2011) Onat, Altan; Murat, Sani Namik; Cicek, Gokhan; Ayhan, Erkan; Ornek, Ender; Kaya, Hasan; Can, Gunay
Objectives: We analyzed the distribution of cumulative allcause and cardiovascular mortality and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) across the seven geographic regions of Turkey and presented overall and coronary mortality findings of the 2010 survey of the Turkish Adult Risk Factor Study. Study design: A total of 1406 participants were surveyed. Information on the mode of death was obtained from firstdegree relatives and/or health personnel of local heath offices. Information on survivors was obtained from history, physical examination, and 12-lead electrocardiography. Results: Of the surveyed participants, 686 were examined; information on health status was obtained in 577 subjects, and 32 participants (14 women, 18 men; mean age 72.3 +/- 15.6 years) were ascertained to have died. The total duration of follow-up was 2,520 person-years. Nineteen deaths were of coronary (n=16) or cerebrovascular (n=3) origin. Cumulative 20-year assessment of the entire cohort for the age bracket of 45-74 years disclosed a high coronary mortality rate, being 7.4 and 4.1 per 1000 person-years in men and women, respectively, and representing a limited decline after year 2000. Ageadjusted Cox regression analysis comprising 433 deaths and 506 incident CHD cases over a 7.3-year follow-up showed similar mortality rates across the regions, and a significantly high CHD incidence in males of the Black Sea and Marmara regions and in females of the Southeast Anatolia. Currently, 480,000 incident CHD cases are estimated yearly in Turkey. Conclusion: The high age-adjusted overall mortality in Turkey shows nonsignificant differences across geographic regions, whereas the age-adjusted CHD incidence is high in the Black Sea and Marmara regions.
The Turkish Adult Risk Factor Survey 2009: Similar Cardiovascular Mortality in Rural and Urban Areas
(Turkish Soc Cardiology, 2010) Onat, Altan; Ugur, Murat; Cicek, Gokhan; Ayhan, Erkan; Dogan, Yuksel; Kaya, Hasan; Can, Gunay
Objectives: We analyzed the 2009 survey of the Turkish Adult Risk Factor (TARF) Study to assess the distribution of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in urban and rural areas and gender-specific coronary mortality in the age-range of 45 to 74 years. Study Design: The Marmara and Central Anatolian regions have been surveyed every odd year in the TARF Study. In 2009, 1,655 participants were surveyed. Information on the mode of death was obtained from first-degree relatives and/or health personnel of local heath office; 960 participants underwent physical examination and ECG recording, and 572 subjects were evaluated on the basis of information obtained regarding health status. Results: In the survey, 23 men and 20 women were ascertained to have died. Twenty-one deaths were attributed to coronary disease and four deaths to cerebrovascular events. Assessment of the entire cohort in the age range of 45-74 years after a 19-year follow-up disclosed a high coronary mortality with 7.5 per 1000 person-years in men and 3.9 in women. In a Cox regression analysis comprising 405 deaths (235 cardiovascular) and over 24,000 person-year follow-up, age- adjusted cardiovascular mortality was similar in rural and urban participants. All- cause mortality was higher in females living in urban areas than those living in rural areas (HR 1.41; 95% CI 1.02-1.96). Conclusion: Cardiovascular mortality both in absolute terms and as a share of overall mortality persists to be high among Turkish adults, with similar rates in urban and rural areas. Age-adjusted all-cause mortality rate is higher among urban versus rural women.