Browsing by Author "Cirka, Mustafa"

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Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of Schinus Molle L. Essential Oil From Turkey
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Eryigit, Tamer; Yildirim, Bunyamin; Ekici, Kamil; Cirka, Mustafa
In traditional medicine, Schinus molle was used in treating a variety of wounds and infections due to its antibacterial and antiseptic properties. Based on this, the chemical constituents, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Schinus molle fruit essential oils were investigated. The hydro-distillation was used for the essential oil extraction of Schinus molle fruits and the chemical composition of extracted essential oils were identified by GC-MS. Antibacterial activities were evaluated by the agar disc diffusion method. Antioxidant properties were determined according to the TEAC method. The major components were identified as alpha-phellandrene (31.74%), limonene (16.82%), beta-phellandrene (16.49%) and p-cymene (11.36%), respectively. The results showed that essential oils of the fruits had weak biological effects against five of eight tested bacterial and yeast species. The essential oil extract prepared from S. molle fruits had weak antioxidant activity with 4.7 +/- 1.2 mM Trolox values which monitored slightly good radical scavenging activities.
Determination of the Effects of Pgpr Isolates and Algae on Plant Growth in Broad Bean (Vicia Faba L.) Grown Under Water Stress Conditions
(Univ Life Sciences Lublin, 2022) Cirka, Mustafa
In regions exposed to drought stress, the use of bacteria applications to promote yield and quality has increased. This study was carried out to determine the effects of rhizobacteria and algae treatments on some biochemical and physiological properties of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) grown under water stress conditions. According to the completely randomized experimental design, the study was carried out in 4 replications in factorial order. In the experiment, the Filiz-99 broad bean variety was used as a plant material. In the study, 4 different biological applications (control, blue-green algae, and 2 different bacteria) and 3 different irrigation levels - 100% (NI), 50% (RI1), and 25% (RI2) - have been applied. In the study, properties such as root and stem length, stem and root fresh weight, stem, and root dry weight, nitrogen balance index, antioxidant, flavonoid, and phenolic properties were examined. Root length changed between 21.37-25.62 cm in bacteria and algae applications, and the highest value was obtained from the B1 application with 25.62 g. At increasing water stress levels, the nitrogen balance index varied in the range of 128.01-77.50%. In bacteria and algae applications, the highest value was obtained from the B1 application. While the phenolic content ranged between 127.53 and 134.31 mg GAE (Gallic Acid Equivalents) g(-1) with increasing water stress, the highest value among biological applications was B1 application with 138.06 mg GAE g(-1). As a result of the interaction of factors, the highest phenolic values were obtained from B1 x RI2 (149.85 mg GAE g(-1)), B2 x RI2 (137.05 mg GAE g(-1)), B0 x NI (127.43 mg GAE g(-1)), and B0 x RI2 (123.69 mg GAE g(-1)) applications, while the lowest values were obtained from B2 x NI (123.22 mg GAE g(-1)), Alg x RI2 (126.65 mg GAE g(-1)), Alg x NI (127.75 mg GAE g(-1)), and B1 x NI (131.73 mg GAE g(-1)) applications. In the study, it was determined that bacterial applications were more effective than algae applications.
Determination of the Effects of Urban Sewage Sludge and Boron Applications on Seedling Development and Nutritional Content of Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L.)
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2022) Cirka, Mustafa
This study was carried out to determine the effects of urban sewage sludge and boron applications on some chemical and physiological properties of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.). The experiment was carried out in a factorial pattern with 3 replications according to a randomized plot design. In the study, Karagoz cowpea variety, 4 boron doses (B-0 - 0, B-1 - 50, B-2 - 100, B-3 - 200 mg kg(-1)), and 4 sewage sludge doses (SS0 - 0, SS1 - 2.5%, SS2 - 5%, SS3 - 10%) were used. In the experiment, seedling and root length (cm), seedling and root fresh weight (g), seedling and root dry weight (g), number of leaves (number), leaf area (cm(2)), and macronutrient elements in the plant were examined. As a result, the effects of sewage sludge and boron applications on seedling and root length, seedling and root fresh weight, leaf number, leaf area, and seedling and root dry weight were found to be significant. In the study, it was determined that the effect of the mutual interaction of the factors on the seedling and root length, seedling and root fresh weight, and root dry weight was significant. In addition, the effects of boron and sewage sludge applications on plant nutrients (P, Ca, K, Mg) were found to be significant. The effect of the interaction of the factors on the elements was found to be significant and the highest phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and magnesium values (1.662 mg kg(-1), 3.159-3.158%, 3.524% and 1.309%) were obtained from B(0)xSS(3), B(0)xSS(0)-B(2)xSS(0), B(0)xSS(0), B(3)xSS(0) applications, respectively, while the lowest values (0.414-0.413 mg kg(-1), 0.454%, 1.361%, and 0.312%) were obtained from B(1)xSS(0)-B(2)xSS(1), B(1)xSS(3), B1xSS(3), B (2)xSS(2) applications, respectively.
Effects of Salt Stress on Some Growth Parameters and Biochemical Changes in Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.)
(Univ Life Sciences Lublin, 2022) Cirka, Mustafa; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Kulaz, Haluk; Tuncturk, Murat
Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that affect plant cell metabolism and reduce plant productivity. In the study, some growth and biochemical characteristics of two different types of dwarf and lantern beans were investigated. The study was carried out in an aeroponic environment in a fully controlled climate room with 6 repetitions according to a completely randomized experimental design. In the experiment where two bean types (dwarf and pole types) were used as material, four different salt doses (0, 25, 50, 100 mM NaCl) were used for the salt stress conditions desired to be created. In the study, root length, seedling length, seedling fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weights, and leaf area were measured as some growth parameters, while MDA, APX, CAT, SOD activities, and proline and chlorophyll content were observed as biochemical parameters.For both genotypes, salinity induced a marked reduction in growth parameters. In parallel with the aggravation of salinity stress conditions, an increase in MDA, SOD, and proline content occurred. In the other investigated biochemical enzyme activities (APX and CAT), there was an increase up to a certain dose compared to the control and a decrease in the subsequent doses. Additionally, it has been determined that chlorophyll content is stable until the third dose but a significant decrease started after the fourth salt application. These results show that there has been a significant increase in enzymatic defense systems to reduce the effects of salt-induced stress in beans, and it has been observed that dwarf and pole bean types show close responses to salt stress.
Effects of Urban Sewage Sludge on Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Seedling Emergence Rate and Development
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2021) Basdinc, Turgay; Cirka, Mustafa
This study was carried out to determine the emergence rate and development of bean seedlings in response to the treatment with urban sludge in increasing doses (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) applied to a dwarf (Efsane) and pole (Oz Ayse) bean cultivar grown under climate chamber conditions. The following traits were investigated: first emergence and first leaf formation time, seedling length, root length, leaf color, leaf area, number of leaves, seedling age weight, seedling dry weight, root age weight and root dry weight of plant morphological properties and Na, Ca, K, Mg, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, Co, Ni, Cr, Cd concentrations. Morphological measurements show that 25 % and 50% sludge treatment doses have a positive effect on the seedling emergence and the first true leaf formation but sewage sludge is not effective at 75% and 100% doses. A significant increase in the content of heavy metals, such as Cu, K, Mg, Mn and Zn, could be expected under increasing doses of sludge, whereas in fact there was a decrease in Ni, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Na and Ca values. It was determined that the Ca content of plants was beneficial for the plant growth. Concentrations of the heavy metals Cu, Cd, Ni, Mn, Zn and Cr were high enough in some cases to cause toxic effects, which affected adversely the plant growth. In addition, it was determined that there is no plant emergence at the 100 % sludge treatment dose. It has been determined that the resistance of the dwarf variety Esfane to the application of sewage sludge in increasing doses is higher than that of the Oz Ayse variety. The analyses showed that the dwarf variety contained more heavy metals than the pole type and in both types the content of heavy metals was above the toxic thresholds.
Influence of Temperature and Salinity Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Soybean (Glycine Max L.)
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2021) Cirka, Mustafa; Kaya, Ali Rahmi; Eryigit, Tamer
Background: The high salt level of a germinating environment can lead to reduced, delayed, and even complete inhibition of germination and seeding growth due to osmotic action and/or ion toxicity. Based on this viewpoint, the aim of this study was to investigate germination temperature and salinity effects on germination and early seedling growth of soybean, which can be sown as first and second crops. Methods: Soybean seeds were subjected to NaCl induced saline germinating media prepared in petri dishes under two different germination temperatures (20 +/- 2 and 25 +/- 2 degrees C). Thirty sterilized seeds per petri dish were sown in ten salt treatments (0, 100, 150, 250, 750, 1000, 2250, 5000, 7500 and 10000 ppm NaCl L-1). The study was carried out according to the completely randomized design with four replications. Result: Lower temperature promoted seed germination, while the high temperature significantly inhibited the seed germination at all NaCl doses tested. As a result, 25 degrees C temperatures, which can only be measured at the time of the second sowing, have been found to negatively affect germination and also increase the negative effects of salt. Due to the moderate tolerance of soybeans to salt stress, the germination rate was positively affected up to 750 ppm NaCl L-1 dose and resulted in severe reductions in subsequent doses. Also, the tolerance of soybean was negatively influenced by the interaction of temperature and NaCl concentration.
Sewage Sludge and Farmyard Manure Ratios in Growing Media Affect Nutrient and Heavy Metal Contents in Cucumber
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2006) Sensoy, Suat; Turkmen, Onder; Cirka, Mustafa; Dursun, Atilla; Tufenkci, Serik
This study aimed to determine the effects of substituting sewage sludge for farmyard manure in seedling growing, media on the total dry weight, as well as nutrient and heavy metal contents of cucumber plants. Seedling growing, media consisted of 2:1:2 soil (S), pumice (P) and an organic fertilizer mixture [farmyard manure (FM) + sewage sludge (SS)]. Then, SS was progressively substituted for FM, at rates of 0%, 25 %, 50%, 75 %, and 100%. Treatments were placed in a growth chamber. No additional nutrients were applied. Dry weight, and Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Cu, Mo and Cd contents were found to increase with increases in SS ratios. Conversely, N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S contents increased with increases in FM ratios. Applications of 0:1 and 1:3 FM:SS ratios provided the best results based on dry weight of seedlings; however, when plant nutrient an heavy metal contents were taken into consideration, 1:1 and 3:1 FM:SS ratios were found to be preferable.