Browsing by Author "Demirel, M."

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Determination of Fermentation and Digestibility Characteristics of Corn, Sunflower and Combination of Corn and Sunflower Silages
(Medwell online, 2008) Demirel, M.; Bolat, D.; Celik, S.; Bakici, Y.; Eratak, S.
This study was conducted to determine in vivo digestibilities and fermentation property of various silages made of green herbage of Sunflower (SF), Corn (C) and corn-sunflower mixtures at different rates [75% com+25% sunflower (75C25SF), 50% corn+50% sunflower (50C50SF), 25% corn+75 sunflower (25C75SF)] ensiled in 120 1 plastic barrels for 90 days. PH values of C and mixture silages were lower than that of SF silage (p<0.05). Concentrations of lactic, acetic, propionic and butyric acids were higher in SF silage than C silage (p<0.05). Lactic and propionic acid concentrations increased in mixture silages as the sunflower ratio increased, whereas decreases in butyric acid concentration were observed as corn ratio incresed in the mixture (p<0.05). While digestibility of DM, OM, ADF and NDF were high in C silage, digestibility of CP and EE were high in SF silage. The digestibility of DM, OM, ADF and NDF in mixture silages increased with the increases in corn ratio in mixture and digestibility of CP and EE of increased as sunflower ratio increased in mixture. It can be concluded that high quality silages could be obtained from green herbage of corn or sunflower alone, however their nutritive values could be improved if they are mixed at 50% ratio.
Determination of Qualities of Corn, Sorghum, Sudangrass and Sorghum X Sudangrass Hybrid Silages
(2004) Bakici, Y.; Demirel, M.
To determine the silage qualities plants of corn (C), sorghum (S), sudangrass (SU) and sorghum x sudangrass hybrid (SSUH) were harvested at milk stage and incubated in concrete silos for 70 days. The corn silage was superior to the other three silages in terms of lactic and butyric acid contents, digestibilities of proximate principles except CP, the other three generally not differing among themselves. All the four silages were of high quality in terms of physical properties and flieg points and these crops are recommended for silage making. © GSP, India.
Effect of Flushing on the Kid Growing in the Hairy Goats
(Centenary University, 2017) Kor, D.; Demirel, M.
In this study, growing kids of Hair goats fed level of maintenance ration (MR), MR x 1.25, MR x 1.50 and MR x 1.75 were evaluated for 40 days including 20 days before mating period and 20 days after that. The birth weights of single female kids (3.08 kg) from goats fed the level of MR were found lower than single female kids from other feeding groups, significantly (P<0.05). The average daily gain (ADG) of twin male kids (0.161 kg) from goats fed the level of MR x 1.50 was observed higher than twin male kids from other feeding groups, significantly (P<0.05). Difference among the groups in the survival rate of the kids was not significant. However, the survival rate of kids from the goats fed level of MR remained at 86.36% while that of kids from the goats fed level of MR x 1.75 was determined 100%. In present study, the effect of flushing in the Hair goats has not become very decisive on the kid growing in terms of observed criterions. As a result, designing energy and protein levels of rations at more extreme points, utilizing different feedstuff in the rations and studying with genotypes that have higher genetic capacity in terms of fertility in researches should be suggested. © 2017, Centenary University. All rights reserved.
The Effect of Replacement With Different Levels of Sulfur and Sulfur-Free Broad Bean in Soybean Meal and Barley Based Rations on Some Rumen Fermentation Parameters
(Centenary University, 2016) Guney, M.; Demirel, M.
In this study, a total of 7 different isocaloric and isonitrogenic rations with and without sulfur (0.5% CaSO4) were constituted so as to meet 25, 50 and 75% of the protein and energy obtained from soybean meal (SBM) and barley from the control ration (C) with broad bean (BB). Wheat straw (WS) and hay grass (HG) were used as roughage sources in the rations. The effects on rumen parameters of the rations prepared were analyzed in 3 yearling sheep fitted with rumen fistula and duodenal cannula. No difference was observed between groups in terms of pH, NH3-N, propionic (PA) and butyric acid (BA) concentration of the rumen fluid (P<0.05). While rumen fluid pH was high before feeding, it decreased after feeding. Rumen NH3-N, acetic acid, PA and BA concentrations also increased (P<0.05). As a result, it was concluded that 75% of protein and energy obtained from soybean and barley used in sheep rations can be met with broad bean, but addition of sulfur to rations with broad bean additive has no effect on rumen fermentation parameters. © 2016, Centenary University. All rights reserved.
The Effect of Urea and Niacin Addition in the Mixed Feed With Dried Sugar Beet Pulp and Tapioka on Degradability of Certain Food Matter in the Rumen
(Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, 1997) Demirel, M.; Bolat, D.
In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of different energy sources feeds, which are dried sugar beet pulp (pulp) and tapioka added 2% urea and 400 mg/kg niacin on the feed consumption and degradation of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) in rumen. Rumen fistulated four Akkaraman rams were fed ad libitum according to 4×4 latin suquare design in this study. The first experimental mixed feed groups, consisted of control (C). pulp (P). pulp added niacin (p+Ni) and pulp added niacin and urea (P+Ni+U). The second mixed feed groups, consisted of control (C). tapioca (T), tapioca added niacin (T+Ni) and tapioca added niacin and urea (T+Ni+U). In the first experiment, daily average feed consumption was found as 1322.3, 1204.8, 1394.1 and 1478.5 g. respectively (p<0.05). Degradations by naylon bag method of the same feeds in rumen in 48 hours were found as 77.89%, 78.35, 79.05 and 81.10% for DM matter and 82.26, 74.01. 75.01 and 91.25 % for CP for C, P, P+Ni and P+Ni+U mixed feeds, respectively (p<0.01). Daily average feed comsumption was found as 1432.2, 1439.7.1520.4and 1347.8 g. for feed groups of the exeriment II. respectively (p<0.0). Degradations by naylon bag method of the same feeds in rumen in 48 hours were found as 77.20, 75.63. 78.63. 78.57 and 79.40 % for DM and 81.70%, 61.80. 69.41 and 84.80 % for CP for C. T, T+Ni and T+Ni+U mixed feeds, respectively (p<0.01).
The Effect of Urea and Niacin Addition in the Mixed Feed With Dried Sugar Beet Pulp on the Rumen Liquid and Blood Parameters
(Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, 1996) Demirel, M.; Bolat, D.
Four rumen fistulated and ad-libitum fed Akkaraman rams were used in this study by using 4x4 latin square desing. Four types of treatment, namely control (K). pulp (P). pulp added niacin (P+Ni) and pulp added niacin and urea (P+Ni+Ü) were used in this experiments. The rate of dried sugar beet pulp was 50%. urea was 2% and niacin was 400 mg/kg in the mixed feed. The rumen liquid pH of animal consumed these feed were 5.89. 6.48. 6.47 and 6.50; rumen ammonia-N concentrations 24.40. 41.27, 37.48 and 41.41 mg/100 ml for K, P, P+Ni and P+Ni+Ü feeds respectively. The level of rumen liquid pH and ammonia-N were found to be higher in the other feed groups than K group (P<0.05). The times after feeding didn't effect rumen ammonia-N in all feed groups (P<0.05), but decreased on the pH of rumen liquid (P<0.05). In the groups the asetic acid concentrations of rumen liquid were 6.68, 6.59, 6.54 and 7.35 mmol/100 ml; propionic acid concentrations were 1.73, 1.14, 1.09 and 1.44 mmol/100 ml and butyric acid concentrations were 1.73. 1.14. 1.09 and 1.44 mmol/100 ml for K, P, P+Ni. P+Ni+Ü respectively (P<0.05). Effect of the time after feeding on the VFAs were significant (P<0.05), the highest concentration observed two-six hours after feeding. The effect of niacin and urea on pH. ammonia-N and VFAs were insignificant (P>0.05). The different betwen effects of K and P fed groups on blood serum total protein, glucose and ürea-N were insignificant (P>0.05). However the level of serum glucose in P+Ni feed and serum urea-N in P+Ni+U feed were highest than other pulp feed groups (P<0.05).
Effects of Urea, Molasses and Urea Plus Molasses Supplementation To Sorghum Silage on the Silage Quality, in Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility and Metabolic Energy Contents
(Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2007) Güney, M.; Demirel, M.; Çelik, S.; Bakici, Y.; Levendoǧlu, T.
Silage type sorghum harvested at milk stage were ensiled for 70 days with no additive or differing levels of Urea (U), Molasses (M) and Urea+Molasses (U+M) to determine silage quality, in vitro organic matter digestibilities (IVOMD) and metabolic energy contents (ME). According to physical properties, all silages are either excellent or satisfactory. While addition of urea decreased organic matter digestibilities and metabolic energy contents of the silages, it was not negatively affect fermentation quality. It has been noted that it is possible to produce high-quality silages with all of the additives and 0.5U%+5M% addition into silages produced the best quality silages in terms of fermentation quality criteria, organic matter digestibility and metabolic energy contents. © 2007 Asian Network for Scientific Information.
Evaluation of Fermentation Qualities and Digestibilities of Silages Made From Sorghum and Sunflower Alone and the Mixtures of Sorghum-Sunflower
(Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2006) Demirel, M.; Bolat, D.; Çelik, S.; Bakici, Y.; Tekeli, A.
The objectives of this study were to evaluate fermentation qualities and digestibilities of silages prepared om sorghum (S) and sunflower (SF) alone and the mixtures of sorghum and sunflower at differing rates 75% sorghum+25% sunflower (75S25SF), 50% sorghum+50% sunflower (50S50SF) and 2% 5sorghum+75 sunflower (25S75SF)] ensiled in 120 L plastic barrel for 90 days. pH values of sorghum and the mixtures were significantly lower than that of sunflower silage (p<0.05). Concentrations of lactic, acetic, propionic and butyric acids were significantly greater in sunflower silage compared with sorghum silage (p<0.05). Silage acid concentration tended to decrease with increasing levels of sorghum in the mixtures. While concentrations of DM, OM and NDF were lower, concentrations of CP and EE were higher in sunflower than sorghum silage (p<0.05). Sunflower had greater DM, CP and EE but lower ADF and NDF digestibilities compared with sorghum silage (p<0.05). As percentage of sunflower increased, DM, CP and EE digestibilities increased but ADF and NDF digestibilities decreased in the mixtures. It has been concluded that better quality silages could be obtained by mixing sorghum and sunflower at 50% ratio. © 2006 Asian Network for Scientific Information.