Browsing by Author "Di Guardo, Federica"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2

Diet and Nutritional Interventions With the Special Role of Myo-Inositol in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Management. an Evidence-Based Critical Appraisal
(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2019) Reyes-Munoz, Enrique; Di Guardo, Federica; Ciebiera, Michal; Kahramanoglu, Ilker; Sathya palan, Thozhukat; Lin, Li-Te; Noventa, Marco
Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy, represents one of the most common maternal-fetal complications during pregnancy and it is associated with poor perinatal outcomes. To date, GDM is a rising condition over the last decades coinciding with the ongoing epidemic of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Objective: The aim of this review is to discuss the role of diet and nutritional interventions in preventing GDM with the explanation of the special role of myo-inositol (MI) in this matter. Methods: We performed an overview of the most recent literature data on the subject with particular attention to the effectiveness of diet and nutritional interventions in the prevention of GDM with the special role of MI. Results: Nutritional intervention and physical activity before and during pregnancy are mandatory in women affected by GDM. Moreover, the availability of insulin-sensitizers such as different forms of inositol has dramatically changed the scenario, allowing the treatment of several metabolic diseases, such as those related to glucose dysbalance. Although the optimal dose, frequency, and form of MI administration need to be further investigated, diet supplementation with MI appears to be an attractive alternative for the GDM prevention as well as for the reduction of GDM-related complications. Conclusions: More studies should be conducted to prove the most effective nutritional intervention in GDM. Regarding the potential effectiveness of MI, further evidence in multicenter, randomized controlled trials is needed to draw firm conclusions.
Management of Women Affected by Endometriosis: Are We Stepping Forward
(Sage Publications Ltd, 2019) Di Guardo, Federica; Shah, Mohsin; Cerana, Maria Cecilia; Biondi, Antonio; Karaman, Erbil; Torok, Peter; Lagana, Antonio Simone
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent chronic disease defined by the presence of endometrial-like tissue, glands and stroma in ectopic areas. Among all the pathogenic theories proposed to explain the origin of the disease, a pivotal role for immune, hormonal, and epigenetic disbalances have been hypothesized. Endometriosis affects up to 10%-15% of women in reproductive age and represents one of the most common gynecological causes of severe pelvic pain. The main symptoms reported by patients are dysmenorrhea and deep dyspareunia. Although the histological confirmation has been commonly considered mandatory, to date the possibility offered by the improvement in imagining techniques allows to make a proper diagnosis of the disease in most of the cases. Medical therapy represents only a symptomatic treatment and not the definitive solution. The aim of the hormonal therapy is to abolish the menstrual flow using progestin, oral contraceptives, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists to reduce pelvic pain. Surgical treatment consisting of laparoscopy has the goal of abolishing pain and may be conservative or radical in nature depending on the patients' desire of spontaneous conception in the future. Radical surgery seems to be associated with a higher percentage of pain relief as well as higher recurrence rates. Due to the worldwide acceptance and the ongoing evolution of minimally invasive surgery to treat both benign and malignant diseases, future investigations may be conducted to consider this approach to save the function of all the organs involved by the disease and to reduce post-operative discomfort and psychological impact.