Browsing by Author "Dudu, Tuba Ersen"
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Article Agar and Sesame Oil Based Organo-Hydrogels as a Pharmaceutical Excipient in Paracetamol/Carboplatin Release Systems(indian Pharmaceutical Assoc, 2022) Alpaslan, Duygu; Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Aktas, NahitOrgano-hydrogels were synthesized by using free radical polymerization in the emulsion technique, using agar, glycerol, sesame oil, ammonium persulfate as initiator and N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide or glutaraldehyde as crosslinker. Swelling behaviors, blood compatibility, antioxidant and properties of the organo-hydrogels were investigated thoroughly. The highest swelling value was seen in organo-hydrogel synthesized with the N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide crosslinker containing 0.1 ml of sesame oil. Moreover, drug release behaviors of organo-hydrogels were studied as paracetamol and carboplatin used as model drugs. Release studies were shown that some basic parameters such as medium pH and composition of the polymer structure affect organo-hydrogels drug release behavior. As a result of drug release experiments, it was observed that the release values of organo-hydrogels changed depending on sesame oil and crosslinker content. The highest paracetamol release capacities for the p (AG-m-SO)(2) and p (AG-g-SO)(2) organo-hydrogels were calculated as 45.3 % and 79.8 %. When investigated carboplatin releases, the highest releases also were founded to be 100 % for p (AG-m-SO)(2) and 85 % for p (AG-g-SO)(2).Article Characterization of P(Pmo), P(Lo) and P(Ro) Organoparticles, Their Bioactivity Properties and Their Effect on Pancreatic Cancer Capan-1 Cell(Elsevier Science Sa, 2023) Alpaslan, Duygu; Turan, Abdullah; Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Bozer, Busra Moran; Aktas, Nahit; Turk, MustafaFor the first time in the literature, p (PmO), p (LO) and p (RO) organo-particles were synthesized from Peppermint oil, Lemon oil and Rose oil. Of the organo-particles L-929 cell line viability/cytotoxicity and anticancer effect against Capan-1 pancreatic cancer cell line were investigated. p (PmO), p (LO) and p (RO) organoparticles were featured by thermogravimetry (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Particle size (DLS), and particle charge (zeta potential, Zeta) analyses. Antioxidant, biocompatible, and antimicrobial activities and in vitro cytotoxicity specialties were investigated. In studies on Capan-1 and L-929 cell lines, it was observed that p (PmO), p (LO) and p (RO) organo-particles were effective on L-929 fibroblast cell line on Capan-1 pancreatic cancer cell line. In addition, it was observed that p (PmO), p (LO) and p (RO) organo-particles were not toxic in L-929 cell lines at high doses. When the Capan-1 cell line MTT analysis results of p (PmO), p (LO) and p (RO) organo-particles were examined, a difference was observed between cell viability rates and apoptosis and necrosis values. The highest % apoptosis rate was observed in the p (RO) organo particle.Article Developing Poly(agar-Co Oil) Based Organo-Hydrogels for the Controlled Drug Release Applications(Elsevier, 2020) Olak, Tulu; Turan, Abdullah; Alpaslan, Duygu; Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Aktas, NahitIn this study, it was aimed to investigate the synthesis, characterization and drug release behaviors of organohydrogels containing pH-sensitive Agar (A), Glycerol (G), Thyme Oil (TO). The novel organo-hydrogels containing TO were prepared in an emulsion media by the free-radical polymerization and crosslinking reactions among Agar (A), Glycerol (G), TO, N, N, methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) or glutaraldehyde (GA) reagent. Swelling ability (ethanol, acetone, ethanol/ID water (1:1), acetone/ID water (1:1) and gasoline environments and different pH), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and 5-Fluorouracil (5-Flu) drug release of the organo-hydrogels were profoundly determined and some structural parameters for organohydrogels such as blood clotting, hemolysis analysis, antioxidant analysis were also evaluated in this study. The FTIR spectra confirmed that the TO was bonded onto the organo-hydrogel structure, and the A, G and TO macromolecular chains interpenetrated through the MBA or GA reagent. When swelling analyzes were examined, it was determined that organo-hydrogels, which added thyme oil to the structure, swelled not only in pure water and tap water but also in organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, ethanol/ID water (1:1), acetone/ID water (1:1) and gasoline. All of the organo-hydrogels synthesized in the light of blood clotting, hemolysis analysis, antioxidant analysis were hemocompatible and could be used within the body. The release results indicated that the organo-hydrogel p(AG-m-TO)(3) and p(AG-g-TO)(3) had the highest 84.3% and 73.3% release capacity. In addition, it was reported that the release capacities of organo-hydrogels were inversely proportional to the increased amount of TO. When 5-Flu drug release was examined in terms of kinetic models, it was observed that the release adapted to the Korsmeyer-Peppas (KPKM) model. And it was also determined that organo-hydrogels based on p(AG-m-TO) comply with the non-Fick law and organo-hydrogels based on p(AG-g-TO) comply with the Case II transport. In the light of the results obtained, their easy formability, their appropriate mechanical and physical properties make Organo-hydrogels suitable candidates for drug delivery systems.Article Development of Onion Oil-Based Organo-Hydrogel for Drug Delivery Material(Taylor & Francis inc, 2023) Alpaslan, Duygu; Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Aktas, NahitAgar and Glycerol (AG) based Organo-hydrogels containing different cross-linkers and different amounts of Onion Oil were prepared in order to examine the in vitro release of the antibiotic drug Ceftriaxone and the anti-carcinogenic drug Carboplatin. At preparation of the organo-hydrogels was used free radical polymerization technique in the emulsion media. As a control group, Agar-Glycerol (AG) gel and Agar-Glycerol (p (AG-m) and p (AG-g)) hydrogels were synthesized. When balance swelling rates of organo-hydrogels were examined, different swelling behaviors were observed in different solvent environments. When FTIR spectra of gel, hydrogel and organo-hydrogels were examined, it was observed that Onion Oil added different bonds to the structure or deepened existing bonds. It was observed that the drug release amount of Gel, hydrogel and Organo-hydrogels with different properties changed with cross-linker type, ambient pH and drug-polymer interactions. For this purpose, organo-hydrogels were produced containing onion oil in the mass proportion of three different. In order to determine the effect of ambient pH on release rate and amount of drug released, drug release at 4 different pH (at 2.0, 5.5, 7.4 and 8.0) was examined from drug-loaded organo-hydrogels. In organo-hydrogels containing different amounts of onion oil, it was observed that the rate of release changed as the onion oil rate increased. When the amount of the release of p(AG-m-OO) and p(AG-g-OO) organo-hydrogels was compared, it was observed that the rate of release of p AG-g-OO) organo-hydrogels was higher. This is due to electrostatic interactions between the organo-hydrogels synthesized with different crosslinkers and different amounts of onion oil, and the drug. When Ceftriaxone and Carboplatin drug release kinetics were applied, it was found that drug release of organo-hydrogels conformed to Higguci (HM) and Korsmeyer-Peppas (KM) models.Article Development of Urea Uptake and Release Studies Using N, N-dimethylacrylamide/Maleic Acid/Citric Acid Based Macrogel(Springer, 2021) Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Alpaslan, Duygu; Aktas, NahitRecently, the use of polymers in agricultural and horticultural applications has been seen as a solution to reduce water consumption and excess fertilizer use in particularly. In this study, macrogels were synthesized to allow fertilizer species and water to be controlled and released in the soil. A natural macrogel derived from N,N-Dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm), Maleic Acid (MA) and Citric Acid (CA) was selected because of its ability to absorb/release a large amount of water and to have modifiable functional groups. Urea, which is an abundant source of nitrogen, was chosen to model the fertilizer. The macrogel was prepared using easily available, low-cost, modifiable starting materials by redox polymerization technique. p(DMAAm-co-MA-co-CA) (DMC1) surface was modified by hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to obtain p(DMAAm-co-MA-co-CA)/HCl (DMC2) and p(DMAAm-co-MA-co-CA)/NaOH (DMC3), which have positively and negatively charged, respectively. After being analyzed for intermolecular interactions (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy,FT-IR) and thermal properties (Thermogravimetric Analysis,TGA), the macrogels were tested in terms of sorption isotherms and thermodynamic parameters. However, in order to examine the urea release mechanism, the macrogels were tested using four release models such as Zero Order Kinetic Model(Z-O), First Order Kinetic Model(F-O), Higuchi(H) and the Korsmeyer-Peppas(K-P) power law. Cumulative urea release values for DMC1, DMC2 and DMC3 macrogels were calculated as 100% at pH 4 and 10, 100% at pH 6, 8 and 10, 100% at pH 4, 6, 8 and 10, respectively. Analyzes confirmed that synthesized macrogels can be good water holder for soil and can be a slow release of urea.Article Disentangling the Enhanced Catalytic Activity on Ga Modified Ru Surfaces for Sodium Borohydride Electrooxidation(Elsevier, 2021) Ulas, Berdan; Alpaslan, Duygu; Yilmaz, Yonca; Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Er, Omer Faruk; Kivrak, HilalHerein, multi walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) supported RuGa nanocatalysts (RuGa/MWCNTs) are synthesized at varying atomic molar ratio via sodium borohydride (SBH) reduction method toward SBH electrooxidation (SBHE) and SBH hydrolysis (RSBH). From the X-ray diffraction (XRD) results, Ru and Ga metals are found to be in the alloy form and the average crystal size is determined as 2.77 nm. The distribution of RuGa particles on MWCNT is confirmed using SEM-EDX. These nanocatalysts were employed for RSBH and further measurements were performed to investigate their SBHE activity. For RSBH for RuGa/MWCNT nanocatalysts, one could note that Ga addition to Ru enhanced the initial rate, H-2 generation rate, and turnover frequency values and Ru99Ga1/MWCNT has the highest initial rate, H-2 generation rate, and turnover frequency value. According to the cyclic voltammetry (CV) results of the prepared RuGa/MWCNT nanocatalysts, Ru99Ga1/ MWCNT show the highest electrocatalytic activity for SBHE and this result is in line with the results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). In addition, chronoamperometric curves indicate that Ru99Ga1/MWCNT possesses long term stability compared to these of other nanocatalysts. Catalytic RSBH results of Ru99Ga1/MWCNT show that this nanocatalyst is more active than others. As a result, it is clear that RuGa/ MWCNT is a promising nanocatalyst for fuel cells.Article Eco-Friendly and Biodegradable Dimethylacrylamide/Starch Hydrogels for Controlled Release of Urea and Its Water Retention(2022) Alpaslan, Duygu; Dudu, Tuba ErsenIn this study, we focused on the synthesis of polymeric hydrogels that will support the sorption and controlled release of urea, which is a rich nitrogen source, from aqueous solutions and their usability in agricultural applications. N, N-Dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm) and Starch (St) were selected as monomers, and their superior properties, such as chemical stability, high sorption properties, biocompatibility, and the presence of modifiable groups, were utilized. A redox polymerization technique was used to create a poly(DMAAm-co-St)-based hydrogel that was then modified with acidic and basic agents to improve the properties of starch. The synthesized acid- and base-modified hydrogels were named DSt, DSt1, and DSt2, respectively. Swelling analyses were performed to examine the structural and morphological properties of DSt, DSt1, and DSt2 hydrogels, and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Thermogravimetric Analyzers (TGA) were used. Intense cross-linking, porosity, and the presence of hydrophilic groups were successfully detected by instrumental analysis and swelling results. The successful results of urea sorption by DSt, DSt1, and DSt2 hydrogels show that they can both minimize the harmful effects of urea in the environment and contain the nitrogen necessary for plants. At the same time, urea sorption behaviors were evaluated in terms of sorption isotherms and thermodynamic properties, and it was observed that urea sorption conformed to the Langmuir isotherm. The urea release results showed that DSt, DSt1, and DSt2 hydrogels exhibited different release properties in different pH solutions, and these results reached 94% at pH 6–8, 100% at pH 6, and 100% at pH 8–10, respectively. As a result of the gradual decrease in the water resources on the earth, the increase in the use of fertilizers in agricultural production, and the insufficient use of fertilizers, our study draws attention to the development and support of materials that absorb/store water, and forms of controlled release fertilizers and provides potential ease of applicationArticle The Efficiency of Cationic-Based Hydrogels in Heavy Metal Removal From Wastewater(Springer, 2024) Bakyt, Borkoev; Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Kalipa, Salieva; Alpaslan, DuyguThe present study draws attention to arsenic (V) (As(V)), chromium (III) (Cr(III)), and chromium (VI) (Cr(VI)) heavy metal pollutants, which have negative effects on aquatic ecosystems and indirectly pose a serious threat to the health of living things in the environment. Homopolymer and copolymer hydrogels were synthesized by the UV polymerization technique using 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propansulfonic acid sodium salt (AMPS) and 3-acrlylamidopropil-trimethyl ammonium chloride monomers, and a crosslinker aimed to improve the swelling properties and metal sorption of the prepared hydrogels. The swelling balance values of hydrogels were determined by the gravimetric method in deionized water and different pH values, and their structural characterizations were carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. Sorption efficiencies and sorption capacities of the synthesized hydrogels were determined using aqueous solutions containing As(V), Cr(III), and Cr(VI) heavy metal ions at 25 degrees C. It was determined that there was a significant increase in p(AMPS) (AM1)-based hydrogel's balance swelling value in deionized water compared to p(AP1) and p(AMPS-co-APTMACl) (AMAP1)-based hydrogels. The lowest equilibrium swelling value was reached in the AMAP1 hydrogel, and the main reason for this result was thought to be due to the closure of the active functional groups of the increased cross-links between AMPS and APTMACl monomer. When sorption results were examined, it was observed that the highest heavy metal ion removal for AM1, AP1, and AMAP1 was in As(V) metal. The highest metal ion holding capacity of AM1, AP1, and AMAP1 was found to be 494 mg/g, 2336 mg/g, and 1439 mg/g for As(V), 323 mg/g, 111 mg/g, and 276 mg/g for Cr(III), and 303 mg/g, 723 mg/g, and 554 mg/g for Cr(VI), respectively. Considering the swelling and sorption results, it is thought that the synthesized hydrogels will provide a significant advantage in the removal of heavy metal ions, which have negative effects on environmental pollution and live health.Article Evaluation of Particle Biosynthesis, P(Okra) Particle Bioactivity, and Drug Release Properties Using Abelmoschus Esculentus (Okra) Plant Extract(Springer, 2024) Alpaslan, Duygu; Turan, Abdullah; Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Aktas, NahitInterest in synthesizing functional materials from natural compounds has increased recently. For this reason, compound particles attract attention due to their multifunctional properties. Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Okra) is a vegetable species belonging to the Hibiscus family, widely used for its edible unripe fruit. This study synthesized the particle from the Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) extract (Oe) by emulsion polymerization. In this synthesis, ammonium persulfate (APS, initiator) to form free radicals at the Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) extract (Oe) and ethylene glycol di methacrylate to cross-link the formed radicals were used. The synthesized poly(Okra) ((p(O)) particles structure Field emission scanning and Fourier transform infrared and biological activities (biocompatible, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging) were characterized. The p(O) particle showed good antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans. It has been measured to have high antioxidant and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity with p(O) particles.Article Evaluation of Poly(agar-Co Oil) Organo-Hydrogel as a Controlled Release System Carrier Support Material(Springer, 2022) Alpaslan, Duygu; Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Aktas, NahitThe aim of this study was to synthesize organo-hydrogels, by using agar, glycerol and different amounts of castor oil in one step, with biocompatible, blood-compatible and antioxidant properties using a new approach to the synthesis of smart polymers. Then, the target was to investigate the applicability of these organo-hydrogels as a drug release system. In the synthesis of organo-hydrogels, crosslinking was achieved with MBA or GA reagent and the redox polymerization technique was applied in the emulsion medium. The swelling behaviors of organo-hydrogels, which were synthesized using different crosslinkers and varying amounts of castor oil, were investigated in different solvent systems (ethanol, acetone, ethanol/DI water (1:1), acetone/DI water (1:1) and gasoline) and in different pH (2.0-12) media. In addition, FTIR, antioxidant, blood clotting and hemolysis analyses were evaluated in light of the results obtained. In the last stage of the study, drug-loaded organo-hydrogels were synthesized by the direct drug loading method and used as a drug delivery vehicle. Vitamin D-3, which is of great importance in the human body and used as an antibiotic, was selected as a model drug. Release studies were carried out in different pH media because various areas of the human body were the main targets in this study and the plan was to provide controlled release of the drug substance in these regions. The pH values of these regions were important in terms of application. Therefore, pH (2.0-12) values for various parts of the human body were imitated in the laboratory environment and release behaviors were examined in experimental studies. It can be said that the synthesized organo-hydrogels were suitable for use as drug transport systems in light of the obtained results.Article Green Energy Source H2 Production From Nabh4 Hydrolysis Using P(Oxalic Acid) Based Non-Metallic Catalyst(Springer, 2023) Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Seker, Esra OzerIn this study, for the first time, metal-free polymeric catalysts for H-2 production from NaBH4 hydrolysis were synthesized from Oxalic acid (OxA) by redox polymerization technique in a surfactant-free emulsion medium. The structural and physicochemical properties of these polymeric catalysts [p(OxA)] were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. In addition, the effects of parameters such as reaction temperature, amount of polymeric particle, and NaBH4 concentration on H-2 gas production were investigated. It was found that the NaBH4 hydrolysis reaction by oxalic acid-based catalysts follows first-order kinetics. At the same, the maximum hydrogen production rate was reached at 50 degrees C in hydrolysis reactions performed at different temperatures in the presence of different amounts of p(OxA) particles. These values for 0.1 g, 0.3 g, and 0.5 g p(OxA) were calculated as 29.41 mL H-2 g(catalys)(-1) dak(-1), 27.78 mL H-2 g(catalys)(-1) dak(-1), 21.74 mL H-2 g(catalys)(-1) dak(-1), respectively. The results obtained suggest that metal-free oxalic-based polymeric particles are promising catalyst systems in the production of H-2 gas.Article Highly Active Rupd Bimetallic Catalysts for Sodium Borohydride Electrooxidation and Hydrolysis(Springer, 2022) Kaya, Sefika; Yilmaz, Yonca; Er, Omer Faruk; Alpaslan, Duygu; Ulas, Berdan; Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Kivrak, HilalIn the present study, bimetallic RuPd/carbon nanotube (RuPd/CNT) electrocatalysts were synthesized at different molar ratios by sodium borohydride (NaBH4) reduction. These catalysts were characterized with advanced surface characterization techniques such as x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray (SEM-EDX), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The activities of these catalysts towards electrooxidation of NaBH4 and hydrogen production from hydrolysis/methanolysis of NaBH4 were investigated. According to XRD results, the particle sizes of Ru/CNT and Ru60Pd40/CNT catalysts were calculated as 3.16 and 3.05 nm, respectively. The distribution and elemental composition of Ru and Pd nanoparticles on CNT were obtained by SEM-EDX analysis. The XPS method was used to determine the oxidation states of Ru and Pd on the CNT surface. The electrochemical activities of these catalysts were determined by cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The results show that the Ru60Pd40/CNT catalyst has the highest current mass activity with 2161.94 mA/mg Ru (12.72 mA/cm(2)) current density. Consequently, the RuPd/CNT catalyst is a promising anode catalyst for direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFC) with good stability and high activity.Article Highly Efficient Removal of Paracetamol From Wastewater Using Novel Crosslinked Okra-Based Metal Composite Sorbents(Elsevier, 2025) Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Alpaslan, Duygu; Saliyeva, Kalipa; Borkoyev, BakitOne of the most essential resources for sustainable development, water is useful for all living things as well as for a variety of human endeavors, including industry, agriculture, and household tasks. However, as a result of advances in science, technology, and national economies, the number of chemicals produced is increasing sharply each year, and in parallel with this, some pollutants, called micropollutants, are emerging. This article reports paracetamol removal from water using novel polymeric particles prepared from waste okra extract. Okra/metal based polymeric material was synthesized for the first time by redox polymerization technique in an emulsion medium using okra extract obtained from okra wastes and iron solution. These okra/metal-particles were characterized using various analytical techniques. Structural and morphological properties indicate that p(Okra)/Fe particles were successfully produced. The prepared sorbents were tested for the batch sorption of paracetamol under different operating conditions. The maximum adsorption capacities of p(Okra)/Fe3 and p (Okra)/Fe8 particles were determined to be 869.4 mg/g and 854.7 mg/g, respectively. The efficiency of various factors, including particle type, paracetamol concentration, particle amount, pH, and temperature, in the removal of paracetamol from environmental waters was examined separately. The optimal experimental parameters were determined to be p(Okra)/Fe3 and p(Okra)/Fe8, with a paracetamol concentration of 50 mg/L, 2.5 mg of particle amount, pH 5, and a temperature of 30 degrees C. Equilibrium sorption and thermodynamic parameters in the sorption of paracetamol onto p(Okra)/Fe particles were evaluated using different isotherm models and mathematical calculations. The findings showed that the Langmuir and Freundlich models fits the experimental data best. Okra/metal-particles showed the best sorption capacities for the removal of paracetamol in batch sorption. This study introduces an innovative, sustainable, and efficient approach to water purification, leveraging natural waste products to address the growing challenge of removing micropollutants from water systems.Article Hydrogen Production From Methanolysis of Sodium Borohydride by Non-Metal P(Co) Organo-Particles Synthesized From Castor Oil(Springer, 2022) Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Alpaslan, Duygu; Aktas, NahitIn this study, the poly (Castor Oil) (p(CO)) organo-particle from natural castor oil (CO) was synthesized for the first time in literature for sodium boron hydride (NaBH4) methanolysis hydrogen production. As is known, catalysts are used in most reactions performed in the chemical industry. Here, by analytical method, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA) and Ultra Field Emission Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM) analyzes of the catalyst were performed and the characteristics of the catalyst were determined. Also for the methanolysis of the p(CO) catalyst NaBH4; The effect of the optimum NaBH4 concentration, catalyst amount and kinetic parameters at different temperatures were investigated. In the methanolysis reaction, the reaction rates for 0 and 30 degrees C were found to be 96.9 and 527.1 ml min(- 1) gcat(- 1), respectively. The activation energy of the p(CO) catalyst was calculated as 24 +/- 0.01 kJ mol(- 1).Article Non-Metal Polymeric Bioparticles Based on Maleic Acid/Citric Acid as a Catalyst for H2 Generation From Nabh4(Springer, 2022) Alpaslan, Duygu; Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Aktas, NahitNovel metal-free catalysts were synthesized form maleic acid (MA) and citric acid (CA) based polymers for hydrogen generation form NaBH4. Surfactant-free-self-emulsion polymerization technique was used to synthesize poly(Maleic acid)(poly(MA)), poly(Citric acid)(poly(CA)) and poly(Maleic acid-co-Citric Acid) poly(MA-co-CA)) polymeric micro-particles in a single step. The prepared catalysts were characterized by zeta potential, SEM, FTIR and TGA. The hydrodynamic diameter of the poly(MA), poly(CA) and poly(MA-co-CA) micro-particles were found to be 0.681, 1.273, 1.604 mu m and the zeta potential of this micro-particles were found to be -6.90, -5.69 and -7.73 mV, respectively. Various parameters affecting the rate of H-2 production of polymeric catalysts, such as the amount of microparticles, the amount of NaBH4 and the ambient temperature were investigated. Hydrogen generation rate(HGR) was calculated as 84 +/- 44 ml H-2 g(-1) min(-1) for 50 mg poly(MA-co-CA)micro-particles in the hydrolysis of 50 mM NaBH4. The activation energy(E-a) of hydrolysis of NaBH4 catalyzed by poly(MA-co-CA)micro-particles was calculated as -1.66 +/- 0.76 kJ mol(-1), which is much lower than similar studies reported in the literature. The prepared poly(CA), poly(MA) and poly(MA-co-CA) micro-particles were shown to be very effective catalysts in H-2 generation by hydrolysis of NaBH4.Article Novel Ca-125 Antigen Determination in Serum by Electrochemical Methods With Onion Oil-Containing Organo-Hydrogels(2023) Alpaslan, Duygu; Kivrak, Hilal Demir; Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Er, Ömer FarukCA-125 antigen is a glycoprotein that can be found at distinct levels in blood samples according to the phases of ovarian cancer. Herein, we designed novel onion oil-organo-hydrogels (OOHGs) to detect CA-125 antigen at high sensitivity and selectively via electrochemical methods. OOHGs produced are characterized by swelling analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), Electro impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques in the potentiostat triple electron system are used for performing the electrochemical measurements. Performances and electron transfer resistances of OOHGs and OOHG+CA-125s are researched via CV and EIS, and the sensitivity properties such as LOD and LOQ of the sensor are determined via DPV. OOHG-2 among OOHGs produced exhibited the highest performance with 0.8151 mA/cm2 (815.1 A/cm2) value at determining CA-125 in serum medium. Moreover, this electrode is found that exhibit a wide linear range like a 1-500 ng/mL concentration range. The limit of quantification (LOQ) and the lowest of detection (LOD) for the OOHG-2 electrode are calculated as 0.531 U/mL and 0.265 U/mL (S/N=3), respectively. Further, the CA-125 antigen of the OOHG-2 electrode in interference results is observed that can be detected with high selectivity. With these results, it can be noted that the OOHG-2 electrode holds great hope for detection ovarian cancer by electrochemical methods.Article Novel Cacao Oil-Based Organo-Hydrogels To Detect Carcinoma Antigen 125 in Serum Medium; Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrochemical Measurements(Elsevier Science Sa, 2022) Er, Omer Faruk; Alpaslan, Duygu; Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Aktas, Nahit; Kivrak, HilalIn present study, cacao oil-based organo-hydrogels (OHCOs) are synthesized to detect carcinoma antigen 125 (CA-125) in serum medium with electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). OHCOs are prepared by the free radical polymerization reaction with agar, glycerol, and distinct ratios of cacao oil with glutaraldehyde (GA) crosslinker or methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) crosslinker. OHCOs are characterized via Fourier Transform Infrared Spec-troscopy (FT-IR), in different solvent environments and pHs. Electrochemical measurements are performed on OHCOs at the presence and absence of CA-125 antigen in serum medium. For the electrochemical sensor, two distinct linear ranges are determined as 0.00083-41.5 U/mL and 83.0-2075 U/mL. LOD and LOQ values are found as 0.34 mu U/mL and 1.01 mu U/mL, respectively. These results clearly show that OHCOs is a promising sensor material for the determination of CA-125 in human serum, sensitively.Article A Novel Carbohydrate Antigen 125 Electrochemical Sensor Based on Sweet Almond Oil Organo-Hydrogels(Elsevier Science Sa, 2023) Er, Omer Faruk; Alpaslan, Duygu; Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Aktas, Nahit; Celik, Sebahattin; Kivrak, HilalOvarian cancer is a gynecological disease causing many deaths among women around the world. Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125) is a single biomarker known to be a tumor marker of ovarian cancer. CA-125 is widely used to monitor the treatment process, recurrences, and for the detection of ovarian cancer. Herein, organo-hydrogels were prepared in order to detect CA-125 sensitively in serum medium with electrochemical methods. Organo-hydrogels were obtained by the free radical polymerization reaction using agar and glycerol with varying pro-portions of sweet almond oil using methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) or glutaraldehyde (GA) crosslinkers. Elec-trochemical measurements were performed with cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) on organo-hydrogel sweet almond oil (OHSAO) prepared in the presence and absence of CA-125. As a result of these measurements, two distinct linear ranges of 1-50 ng/mL and 100-1000 ng/mL were obtained. In addition, LOD and LOQ values for the sensor were calculated as 0.41 mu U/mL and 1.24 mu U/mL, respectively. In conclusion, the OHSAO-based electrochemical sensor is a promising electrode for CA-125 detection.Article One-Step Electrochemical Sensing of Ca-125 Using Onion Oil-Based Novel Organohydrogels as the Matrices(Amer Chemical Soc, 2024) Er, Omer Faruk; Kivrak, Hilal; Alpaslan, Duygu; Dudu, Tuba ErsenTo reduce the high mortality rates caused by ovarian cancer, creating high-sensitivity, quick, basic, and inexpensive methods for following cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) levels in blood tests is of extraordinary significance. CA-125 is known as the exclusive glycoprotein employed in clinical examinations to monitor and diagnose ovarian cancer and detect its relapses as a tumor marker. Elevated concentrations of this antigen are linked to the occurrence of ovarian cancer. Herein, we designed organohydrogels (ONOHs) for identifying the level of CA-125 antigen at fast and high sensitivity with electrochemical strategies in a serum medium. The ONOH structures are synthesized with glycerol, agar, and glutaraldehyde and at distinct ratios of onion oil, and then, the ONOHs are characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Electrochemical measurements are performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in the absence and presence of CA-125 on the designed ONOHs. For the prepared ONOH-3 electrode, two distinct linear ranges are determined as 0.41-8.3 and 8.3-249.0 U/mL. The limit of quantitation and limit of detection values are calculated as 2.415 and 0.805 mu U/mL, respectively, (S/N = 3). These results prove that the developed electrode material has high sensitivity, stability, and selectivity for the detection of the CA-125 antigen. In addition, this study can be reasonable for the practical detection of CA125 in serum, permitting early cancer diagnostics and convenient treatment.Article Poly(CnO) and Poly(CcO) Organo-Particles Produced from Coconut Oil (CnO) and Cocoa Oil (CcO): Synthesis, Characterization, Bio and Anticancer Activity(Horizon Research Publishing, 2025) Alpaslan, Duygu; Dudu, Tuba Ersen; Bozer, Busra Moran; Aktas, Nahit; Turk, MustafaWith the increasing number of cancer cases in recent years, the solution methods suggested for these cases are also of great importance. Within the scope of the presented study, we aimed to develop an alternative material in cancer immunotherapy by synthesizing poly(coconut oil) (p(CnO)) and poly(cacao oil) (p(CcO)) organo-particles from coconut and cocoa oils. The structural features of these particles synthesized using the redox polymerization technique were elucidated by various characterization methods. The chemical structure and functional groups of p(CnO) and p(CcO) organo-particles were determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Organo particle size and zeta potential values were determined by the dynamic light scattering (DLS) method using Zetasizer device. The morphological features of the particles were determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Bioactivity properties were determined by antioxidant, antimicrobial and biocompatibility analyses. In this study, the effects of p(CnO) and p(CcO) organo-particles on cytotoxicity and apoptotic processes against L-929 fibroblast and Capan-1 pancreatic cancer cell lines were also investigated. p(CnO) and p(CcO) organo-particles Capan-1 cell lines were determined to have significant cytotoxic activity at all doses studied. An increase in cell number was observed in L-929 fibroblast cells treated with p(CnO) and p(CcO) organo-particles. As a result, findings have been obtained that the p(CcO) organo particle triggers the apoptotic mechanism. On Capan-1 pancreatic cancer cells, p(CcO) was found to have a fatal impact akin to that of doxorubicin. It is anticipated that combining p(CcO) with doxorubicin could potentially lead to better outcomes than using doxorubicin alone.