Browsing by Author "Ekin, IH"

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Characterization of Bovine and Human Group B Streptococci Isolated in Turkey
(Soc General Microbiology, 2006) Ekin, IH; Gurturk, K
In the study, group B streptococci (GBS) isolated from bovines and humans in and around Van, eastern Turkey, were serotyped, and their haemagglutination and lectin-agglutination properties were also determined. This study is the first epidemiological survey of GBS serotypes performed in Turkey. A total of 148 GBS isolates, 76 from bovine milk and 72 from women attending a maternity polyclinic, were examined by co-agglutination, slide haemagglutination and slide lectin-agglutination tests. By the co-agglutination test, 34 (44.7%) of bovine isolates and 49 (68%) of human isolates could be serotyped. In bovine isolates, type VII (11.8%), III (10.5%) Ic (6.5%) and VIII (3.9%) were the most frequently detected serotypes. The most frequent human serotypes were Ic (33.3%), IV (8.3%), VIII (6.9%), V (5.5%) and R (5.5%). In the haemagglutination test using rabbit erythrocytes, 23 (33.3%) bovine and 15 (23.4%) human isolates were found to be positive. The bovine GBS isolates showed a significant positive agglutination reaction with Dolichos biflorus lectin (30.4%), whereas the human GBS isolates were found to be positive for Arachis hypogea (18.8%) and Canavalia ensiformis (37.5%) lectins. The treatment of GBS with trypsin was also found to be important for the demonstration of the haemagglutination and lectin-agglutination properties of GBS. The results of the study provide data on serotype distribution and the formulation of a possible GBS vaccine in Turkey, and the lectin-agglutination tests may also be useful for differentiating bovine and human GBS strains.
Detection of Campylobacter Antibodies in Sheep Sera by a Dot-Elisa Using Acid Extracts From C-Fetus Ssp Fetus and C-Jejuni Strains and Comparison With a Complement Fixation Test
(Wiley, 2002) Gürtürk, K; Ekin, IH; Aksakal, A; Solmaz, H
In this study, a dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Dot-ELISA) was evaluated in comparison with a complement fixation test (CFT) for the detection of Campylobacter antibodies in sheep sera. Acid glycine extracts (AGE) of both Campylobacter ssp. fetus and Campylobacter jejuni strains that had been isolated from the gall-bladder of slaughtered sheep was used as antigen in both tests. A total of 153 sheep sera from aborted (74) and slaughtered (79) sheep were examined by both Dot-ELISA and CFT. Twenty-two sera showed anti-complementary activity were not suitable for CFT. Of the 22 sera showing anti-complementary activity, two sera were found to be positive in Dot-ELISA. Eighty-eight (67.2%) of the remaining 131 sera were negative by both Dot-ELISA and CFT using AGE of both Campylobacter strains whereas 43 sera (32.8%) gave different reaction patterns in Dot-ELISA and CFT with the extracts of both Campylobacter strains. Twelve sera were positive by both tests using AGE of C. fetus ssp. fetus but CFT failed to detect antibodies in nine of these sera when AGE of C. jejuni was used. Twelve sera were positive by both tests only when AGE of C. fetus ssp. fetus was used. Eleven sera were positive only, by CFT. Seven of these reacted only with the AGE of C. fetus ssp. fetus and four sera were positive by using AGE of both Campylobacter strains. The remaining eight sera were found to be positive only by dot-immunobinding assay either with the AGE of both Campylobacter strains or with the AGE of one of the Campylobacter strains. It is concluded that Dot-ELISA using AGE from C. fetus ssp. fetus could be employed for the detection of Campylobacter antibodies in sheep sera and the additional use of AGE from C. jejuni as antigen appeared not to be profitable for this purpose.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Campylobacter Species Isolated From Gallbladder of Slaughtered Sheep in Van, (Eastern) Turkey
(veterinarni A Farmaceuticka Univerzita Brno, 2006) Ekin, IH; Gürtürk, K; Arslan, A; Boynukara, B
To determine the prevalence of campylobacter species in gallbladder of sheep in Van, ( Eastern) Turkey, a total of 220 gallbladder samples from healthy slaughtered sheep were examined bacteriologically in October 2000 and 2002. Of the 110 samples examined each year, 27 ( 24.6%) and 24 ( 21.8%) campylobacter strains were isolated, respectively. Of the 27 campylobacter strains isolated in the year 2000, 14 ( 51.9%) were identified as C. jejuni, 7 ( 25.9%) C. fetus, 3 ( 11.1%) C. coli and 3 ( 11.1%) C. lari. Similar results were obtained in the study performed in 2002, but C. lari could not be isolated. Growth and biochemical characteristics of all identified Campylobacter species with some exceptions were typical of each species. Six of 13 examined C. fetus strains grew well at both 25 degrees C and 42 degrees C in thioglycollate medium and on blood agar. C. jejuni strains differed from C. coli only by Na-hippurate hydrolysis test. Results of the present study revealed that C. jejuni is the most common campylobacter species isolated from gallbladders of sheep. The thermophilic campylobacters in significant proportions may cause contamination of carcass during slaughter and transmission of the food-borne pathogens to humans.
Prevalence of Rotavirus, Escherichia Coli K99 and O157:h7 in Healthy Dairy Cattle Herds in Van, Turkey
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2001) Çabalar, M; Boynukara, B; Gülhan, T; Ekin, IH
A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of rotavirus, Escherichia coli K99 and O157:H7 in healthy dairy cattle herds in Van and environs. Turkey. Some of the cattle herds had a history of recurrent neonatal diarrhoea for previous years, and even while sampling was being done, some newborn calves were diarrhoeic. Three hundred and twelve faecal specimens from dairy cattle farms free of clinically apparent diarrhoea were tested both for the presence of rotaviruses by PAGE silver staining and for Escherichia coli K99 and O157:H7 by latex agglutination using specific antisera after the growth of each colony. The enteropathogenic characteristic of K99 and O157:H7 isolates was determined by rabbit ileal loop test. No rotavirus was detected from clinically normal cows, heifers or calves. Only 1 of 9 diarrhoeic calves was found to be positive for rotavirus. Out of the 235 E, coli isolates from non-diarrhoeic animals, 28 were positive for K99 and 4 for O157:H7. While 14 of 28 K99 isolates were found to be positive for enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), 2 of 4 O157:H7 isolates were also positive for EPEC. An in vitro antibiotic sensitivity test of K99 and O157:H7 isolates indicated that the most sensitive antibiotics were enrofloxacin and danofloxacin.