Browsing by Author "Eski, Funda"

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Concentrations of Nefa, Β-Hba, Triglycerides, and Certain Blood Metabolites in Healthy Colored Angora Goats During the Peripartum Period
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2015) Eski, Funda; Tasal, Ibrahim; Karsli, Mehmet Akif; Sendag, Sait; Uslu, Baris Atalay; Wagner, Henrik; Wehrend, Axel
The aim of this study was to determine the changes in serum nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA), serum beta-hydroxybutyric acid (beta-HBA), triglycerides, Ca, Na, and other metabolites (bilirubin, glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH)) in the blood of grazing, healthy goats at the time of parturition. Blood samples were taken weekly from the jugular vein of 11 goats, starting at week 2 antepartum (ap) until week 9 postpartum (pp). NEFA and beta-HBA concentrations increased from week 2 ap to 2 weeks pp. The increase in NEFA level was not significant; however, the beta-HBA levels were higher (P < 0.05) 2 weeks pp compared to the levels at 2 weeks ap. Triglycerides were recorded at maximum levels (P < 0.05) 2 weeks ap, with the lowest concentrations at 3 weeks pp. Bilirubin levels consistently increased up to 7 weeks pp, followed by a decrease. However, these changes were not significant. Similarly, GLDH activities increased until week 8 pp. A significant difference (P < 0.05) was recorded between the 1st week and 8th week pp. Ca and Na levels were lower during the 1st week pp and increased at 3 weeks pp. The results show that there are characteristic alterations of some metabolic blood parameters in goats around the time of parturition, which may be related to physiological changes.
Correlations Between Gestation Period and Age, Body Weight and Litter Size in Van Cats
(M H Schaper Gmbh Co Kg, 2009) Sendag, Sait; Alan, Muhammet; Eski, Funda; Goericke-Pesch, Sandra; Wehrend, Axel
The gestation period in Van cats is between 54 and 68 days, with high individual differences. Because of this variability, the date of birth cannot be predicted precisely, while the factors influencing the gestation period in Van cats have not been examined previously. The aim of this first study was to evaluate the influence of age, body weight of the dams and the litter size on the gestation period in Van cats. 28 Van cats aged one to nine years were used for this study. The body weight of the cats in the oestrus at the beginning of the study varied between 2.1-4.1 kg (3.1 +/- 0.6 Kg). The time from first mating until birth was regarded as being the gestation period. Correlations were determined between the duration of pregnancy and the age and body weight of the females as well as litter size. The mean duration of pregnancy in all 28 Van cats was 63.6 +/- 3.6 days (min. 54 days, max. 68 days) with a mean litter size of 3.4 +/- 1.3 kittens (min. 1, max. 6). No correlations could be found between the factors examined meaning that the duration of pregnancy does not depend on the age or body weight of the dams or on the litter size. It must be concluded that other factors may cause this high variability of pregnancy duration in Van cats and these still need to be investigated.
Dynamics of Oxidants, Antioxidants and Hormones During Different Phases of Pregnancy in Hairy Goats
(Kafkas Univ, veteriner Fakultesi dergisi, 2021) Cetin, Nebi; Eski, Funda; Mis, Leyla; Naseer, Zahid; Bolacali, Memis
The aim of the present study was to observe the variation in oxidant (MDA), antioxidants (SOD, GSH, GSH-Px) and hormones (P4 and E2) levels in pregnant hairy goats during breeding season. In the this study, twenty hairy goats were synchronized by using sponges containing progesterone (fluorogestone acetate). The animals showing oestrus were inseminated twice, first at 18th -24th h and second at 36th - 48th h of oestrus. On 35th and 42nd days after insemination, pregnancy diagnosis examination was performed with transrectal ultrasonography. The blood samples were collected from pregnant goats at 0,11, 24, 57, 100, 134, 141 days of gestation and immediately after the parturation. Serum samples collected at estrus and different stages of gestation were analyzed for MDA, SOD, GSH-Px, GSH, P4 and E2 concentrations using standard protocols. The results showed that MDA level did not change in pregnant goats. The SOD, GSH and GSH-Px levels also shown a similar pattern throughout pregnancy period. The peak (P<0.05) level of progesterone was recorded between 11th to 134th days of gestation. At time of estrus (day 0) and late gestation (day 134 and 141), the concentrations estradiol reached at maximal level (P<0.05) in hairy goats. In conclusion, the oxidants and antoixidants do not change with respect to dynamics of progesterone or estradiol level during gestation period in black hairy goats.
The Effect of Hcg Administration on Reproductive Performance in Undernourished Lactating Hair Goats Synchronized During Non-Breeding Season
(veterinarni A Farmaceuticka Univerzita Brno, 2024) Cetin, Nebi; Kosal, Volkan; Kuru, Mushap; Oner, Ahmet Cihat; Eski, Funda
This study aimed to assess the effects of short and long synchronization protocols, combined with post-synchronization human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration, on the reproductive performance of lactating hair goats during the non-breeding season, considering their inadequate pasture conditions. A total of 60 goats were randomly divided into four groups used for 5 days in G1 and G2 and 12 days in G3 and G4. All received a 500 IU pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) injection 48 h before sponge removal and were exposed to bucks 12 h later. Groups G2 and G4 received a 500 IU hCG injection on the eighth day after mating. Groups G1 and G3 did not receive any application after mating. Blood samples were collected on the 8th, 15th, and 22nd days for post-mating progesterone analysis, and pregnancy examinations were performed on the 35th day. The study showed a 90% total oestrus rate (54/60). However, there were no significant differences in conception, pregnancy, and kidding rates among the groups. Serum progesterone concentrations significantly increased on the 15th day in G2 and G4, where hCG was administered. In summary, hCG raised progesterone levels but did not significantly affect the reproductive performance of undernourished, lactating goats in a nonbreeding season, suggesting that environmental factors and animal nutrition play a crucial role in synchronization outcomes.
Effects of Long-Term Release Gnrh Agonist "deslorelin" on Testicular Hsp Expression, Accessory Sex Glands and Testicular Functions in Adult Male Rats
(Elsevier Science inc, 2019) Eski, Funda; Cetin, Nebi; Uslu, Sema; Uslu, Baris Atalay; Sendag, Sait; Yoruk, Mecit; Shakeel, Muhammad
The objective of the present was to determine the effect of long-term release GnRH agonists "deslorelin" on suppression and restoration of testicular and accessory sex glands functions, and expression of HSP in testes of adult male rats. A group of twenty-eight male rats and fifty-six female rats were kept for eleven months. The male rats were subdivided into treatment (n = 18; deslorelin, an analogue of GnRH, 4.7 mg, S.C; six months) and control (n = 10; untreated), and the adult female rats were introduced with either treatment or control male rats at the 2nd, 6th and 11th months post implant insertion. At 6th month of deslorelin implants insertion, six male rats from treatment and five rats from control group were sacrificed. The remaining (twelve treatment and five control) male rats were sacrificed at 11 months. The testicular dimension were measured monthly in both treatment and control rats. The blood samples were collected for testosterone and HSP70 antibody, whereas, the testes and accessory glands were isolated for histological examination at each sacrificial time. The results showed that testicular dimension were significantly lesser in treatment group until 9 months post treatment. HSP70 protein expression was negligible at 6 months in treatment group but its intensity increased in spermatids 11 months of treatment similar to control group. Significantly lower testosterone concentrations with poor semen quality, and smaller litter size were observed in treatment group. The histological picture of accessory sex glands and seminiferous tubules shown a variable integrity in treatment group than control at 6 months implant insertion. In conclusion, the subcutaneous application of 4.7 mg of the GnRH-analogue deslorelin represents a practicable, like in the female rats, method to suppress testicular, accessory sex glands functions, testicular HSP expression and fertility in male rats. Moreover, the suppressive effects of deslorelin, continued until 11th months after removal of the implant. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Evaluation of Oxidative Stress, Immune System and Mineral Concentrations in Milk and Serum of Cows With Clinical and Subclinical Mastitis Naturally Infected by Staphylococcus Aureus
(Kafkas Univ, veteriner Fakultesi dergisi, 2021) Kurt, Serdal; Eski, Funda; Mis, Leyla; Demir, Pinar Ayvazoglu
The aim of this study was to investigate effect of Staphylococcus aureus on oxidative stress status (TAS, TOS, OSI), immune system (IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha), and mineral (Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Na and Ca) concentrations in milk and serum of cows with mastitis. The cows were allocated to three groups according to mammary health status as follows: healthy (Group 1), clinical (Group 2) and subclinical mastitis cows (Group 3). IL-1 beta levels in serum and milk increased in Group 2 compared to Group 1 and Group 3 (P<0.001; P<0.05). Milk IL-6 level was greater in Group 3 and Group 2 than in Group 1 (P<0.01). Blood TNF-alpha (P<0.001), TOS and OSI levels (P<0.01) were higher in Group 2 than other groups. Milk TNF-alpha level increased and blood TAS level decreased in Group 2 compared to Group 1 (P<0.05). Milk TOS (P<0.01) and OSI (P<0.05) levels increased in Group 3 compared to Group 1. Blood and milk Mg levels increased in Group 1 (P<0.05) and Group 2 (P<0.001), respectively. Milk Fe (P<0.01) and Na levels were greater in Group 2 (P<0.001). Blood Zn level was lower in Group 2 compared to Group 3 (P<0.05). While blood Cu level decreased in Group 1 compared to other groups, milk Cu level decreased in Group 3 compared to other groups (P<0.001). In conclusion, S. aureus had significant effects on oxidative stress, cytokine and mineral levels in milk and blood serum of cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis. However, since there were specific changes only in milk OSI and IL-6 levels according to other parameters, it is thought that milk IL-6 and OSI levels may be a diagnostic tool in the detection of subclinical mastitis.
Investigation of the Immunocastration Efficacy and Longevity of a Single Dose Gnrh Vaccine in Young Male Rats
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2019) Eski, Funda; Mis, Leyla; Tasal, Ibrahim; Uslu, Baris Atalay; Comba, Bahat
Conventionally, immunization protocol require an initial priming immunization followed by an antigen boost for adequate immunity and long-term immunization. In this study we were evaluate the immunocastration efficacy and longevity of immunization with a single-dose GnRH vaccine (Repro-Bloc (TM)) in young male rats. Rats in the vaccine group (VAC, n: 35) were treated with GnRH vaccine as single-dose (200 mu l) and the control group (C, n: 15) were also injected with saline solution. Blood samples from all rats were taken monthly for 6 months and at 12th month. GnRH antibody titers, testosterone and leptin levels were determined by commercial RIA kits. Rats at 6th and 12th months were sacrificed for histologic analysis of testes. GnRH antibody levels were found similar in the VAC and C groups (P>0.05) at -1 week. As compared to the C, GnRH antibody levels (pg/ml) of the VAC group at 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th months rose continuously and reached the peak level at 5th month, decreased at 6th month and increased again by the 12th month (P<0.05), whereas in the C group GnRH antibodies weren't different (P>0.05). Compared to the unchanged testosterone levels within the process in C group, serum testosterone levels of the VAC group were lower at 2nd month and higher at 3th month, and thereafter lower (P<0.05). Leptin levels were no difference between groups (P>0.05). There were significant differences in the testicle weights, sperm motility, sperm numbers and abnormal sperm rates between VAC and C groups at 6th and 12th months (P< 0.05). Histological examination showed no significant difference in testes between groups at 6th and 12th months (P>0.05). In conclusion, although the vaccine reduced the germinative and endocrine testicular function from 6th months to 12th months with the single-dose GnRH vaccine, the single-dose vaccination did not provide adequate effect in the genital organs in male rats. Further studies are needed to determine an optimal single-dose, longevity of the vaccine and route of administration for complete suppression on the genital organs in different animal species.
Investigation of the Usability of Kisspeptin and Oxidative Stress Parameters in the Early Diagnosis of Asymptomatic Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia in Dogs
(Wiley, 2021) Kurt, Serdal; Eski, Funda; Mis, Leyla
This study aimed to investigate the differences in oxidative stress index (OSI) and kisspeptin levels in clinically asymptomatic dogs with cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) compared to healthy and pregnant dogs, and to determine the usability of the obtained results in the diagnosis of asymptomatic CEH. The study comprised three groups; a healthy (n = 8), a pregnant (n = 10) and a CEH (n = 10). All dogs in the three groups were included in the study at the 30 +/- 3th day after estrus, and blood samples were collected for analysis of kisspeptin, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), progesterone (P4), estradiol (E2) and some biochemical parameters (TSH; thyroid stimulating hormone, ALT; alanine aminotransferase, AST; aspartate aminotransferase, ALP; alkaline phosphatase, LDH; lactate dehydrogenase, CRE; creatine and BUN; blood urea nitrogen). In addition, OSI value was calculated. P4 and ALT and BUN levels were significantly lower and higher in CEH group than the pregnant group, respectively (p < .05). While kisspeptin and TAS levels were significantly lower in CEH group compared to the healthy and pregnant groups (p < .01), OSI level increased dramatically. In conclusion, it was confirmed that CEH clearly affected kisspeptin and OSI levels, and it is thought that these parameters may be an alternative diagnostic tool for the detection of CEH after further studies.
Monitoring of Oxidative Stress and Tnf-Α Status During the Healing Process in Hair Goats With Metritis
(2022) Eski, Funda; Kurt, Serdal; Mis, Leyla
Objective: This study aimed to monitor oxidative stress parameters including total antioxidant status\r(TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) level during the healing\rprocess in hair goats with metritis.\rMaterials and Methods: This study was carried out on a total of 25 hair goats with metritis (n=10; Group\r1) and healthy (n=15; Group 2). The beginning of the study was accepted as day 0. In both Group 1 and\rGroup 2, blood samples were collected on days 0 (first measurement day), 14 (second measurement day)\rand 28 (third measurement day) of the study for TAS, TOS and TNF-α analyzes. In addition, oxidative\rstress index (OSI) was calculated using TAS and TOS values.\rResults: It was found that TAS level decreased in Group 1 compared to Group 2 at the first measurement\rday (p<0.05). However, TOS, OSI and TNF-α levels increased in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (p<0.01).\rAt the second measurement day, TOS and OSI values were higher in Group 1 than Group 2 (p<0.05).\rConclusion: In conclusion, the antioxidant system weakened, oxidative stress and TNF-α levels increased\rin animals with metritis compared to healthy animals. However, at the third measurement time, all\rparameters became similar between groups.
Plasma Macro and Trace Element Levels of Male Rats Vaccinated With Gnrh Hormone
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2018) Mis, Leyla; Eski, Funda; Cilingir-Yeltekin, Asli
GnRH hormone is important in both male and female reproduction. Chemical agents are preferred to prevent fertility in some animals. Trace elements play an important role in reproduction. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the changes in macro- and trace element levels in blood plasmas of 6th and 12th months of GnRH vaccination (Repro-Bloc (TM)) male rats. 50 male Wistar Albino rats were used in the study. Each rat in the experimental group was administered a single 200 mu l intramuscular dose of GnRH. The levels of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Se, K, P, Ca, and Mg elements were determined by analyzing the collected plasma samples using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). It was determined that zinc, manganese and selenium levels of the trace elements showed statistically significant changes in the first 6 months and Cu and Fe levels were statistically significant (P<0.05). In the twelfth month, it was observed that the levels of Fe, Mn, Se and Zn trace elements differ statistically. In the macro elements, K, P elements in the first 6 months period and Ca, Fe and Mg element levels in 16 months period gave statistically significant results (P<0.05). Conclusions: It was observed that levels of macro and micro elements were affected in male rats administered GnRH vaccine for immunocastration
Postpartum Uterus Involution Observed by Real-Time Ultrasound Scanning and Vaginal Cytology in Van Cats
(Sage Publications Ltd, 2016) Sendag, Sait; Alan, Muhammet; Eski, Funda; Uslu, Sema; Uslu, Baris A.; Wehrend, Axel
Objectives The objective was to investigate postpartum uterus involution by real-time ultrasonography and vaginal cytology in Van cats. Methods This study included 15 healthy Van cats belonging to the Van Cat Research Centre (Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey). Starting 24 h postpartum, ultrasonographic measurements were performed on the placental and interplacental uterine horn regions every day. Decreases in the diameters and uterine content were considered as criteria for uterine involution. Vaginal discharge samples were collected every day for 4 weeks postpartum. The smears were stained with Papanicolaou stain. Results The average diameters of placental and interplacental regions (IPRs) in the uterine horns were 3.12 +/- 0.29 cm and 2.36 +/- 0.43 cm, respectively, at 24 h postpartum. Placental regions (PRs) shrank faster than IPRs. At 48 h postpartum, it became difficult to distinguish PRs from IPRs in the uterine horns. The uterine horns could be seen in the abdominal cavity up to 5.60 +/- 0.99 days postpartum. The mean of the last assessable diameter of the uterine horns from days 4 to 7 in all cats was 0.49 +/- 0.07 cm. The vaginal epithelial cells appeared to be under the effect of oestrogen for 4 weeks postpartum. Conclusions and relevance The morphological involution of the uterus completes, to a large extent, within the first 48 h postpartum in Van cats. A more detailed hormonal analysis would contribute greatly to the understanding of the physiological processes involved in this period. Although postpartum involution appeared complete by 5.60 +/- 0.99 days after parturition in Van cats, histological verification of this finding is needed.
Tiftik Keçilerinde Doğum Şeklinin Bazı Oksidatif Stres Belirteçleri ve Hormon Konsantrasyonları Üzerine Etkisi
(2021) Eski, Funda; Kurt, Serdal; Çetin, Nebi
Güç doğum, spontan doğumun belirli bir zaman içerisinde herhangi bir müdahale olmadan gerçekleşemediği olguolarak tanımlanmaktadır. Güç doğum steroid hormon seviyesi ile ilişkili olabilmekte ve oksidatif stres üzerine etkiedebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, normal ve sezaryen ile doğum yapan Tiftik keçilerinde malondialdehid (MDA),süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), glutatyon peroksidaz (GSH-Px), total glutatyonun (GSH) progesteron (P4) ve östradiol (E2)konsantrasyonlarını değerlendirmektir. Yapılan çalışmada, keçiler normal (n=10) ve sezaryen ile doğum (n=10) olmak üzere2 gruba ayrıldı. Her iki grubun kan örnekleri, doğumdan sonraki ilk yarım saat içinde jugular venadan alındı. MDA, GSH-Px,total GSH seviyelerinde gruplar arasında önemli bir farklılık (P>0.05) görülmedi. Sezaryen grubunda hem SOD (P <0.01), hemde P4 ve E2 konsantrasyonları anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (P <0.05). Sonuç olarak, sezaryen ile doğum yapan keçilerdeSOD, P4 ve E2 seviyelerinde farklılıklar gözlemlendi. P4 ve E2 konsantrasyonlarındaki farklılıkların güç doğumunetiyopatogenezinde rol alabileceği ve güç doğuma bağlı artan strese karşı mücadele için endojen bir antioksidan madde olanSOD’un üretiminin arttığı kanaatine varıldı.
Üreme Sezonunda Oral Progestagen Uygulamasının Senkronize Keçilerin Fertilitesi Üzerine Etkileri
(2024) Çetin, Nebi; Kuru, Mushap; Koca, Davut; Eski, Funda; Uslu, Barış Atalay; Şendağ, Sait; Wehrend, Axel
Bu çalışmanın amacı, üreme mevsiminde senkronize edilen keçilerde çiftleşmeden sonra uygulanan oral progesteronun (altrenogest) fertilite üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmektir. Çalışmada, toplam 47 Kıl keçisi kullanıldı. Hayvanlara 12 gün boyunca progesteron emdirilmiş intravajinal süngerler uygulandı. Vajinal sünger uygulamasının 10. gününde 480 IU PMSG ve 0.075 mg kloprostenol intramüsküler olarak uygulandı. Östrüsdeki hayvanlar, arama tekesi ile tespit edildikten sonra 12 saat tekelere maruz bırakıldı. Keçiler rastgele iki ayrı gruba ayrıldı: Grup 1 (G1, n=23) ve Grup 2 (G2, n=24). G1 keçilerine çiftleşmeden sonraki 30 gün boyunca günde 4.4 mg altrenogest oral olarak uygulandı. G2 keçileri ise kontrol grubu olarak değerlendirildi. Gebelik muayeneleri çiftleşmeden sonraki 30. ve 42. günlerde transrektal ultrasonografi ile yapıldı. Kan örnekleri çiftleşmeden sonraki günden 30 güne kadar (3 günlük aralıklarla) alındı. G1 ve G2 arasında istatistiksel analiz, progesteron konsantrasyonları, konsepsiyon oranı, gebelik oranı, kuzulama oranı, çoklu doğum oranı, fekundite ve bir batındaki yavru sayısı açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığını ortaya çıkardı (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada oral progesteron kullanımının fertilite parametreleri üzerine herhangi bir etkisinin olmadığı tespit edildi. Ayrıca, çeşitli oral progesteron analoglarının etkinliğini araştırmak için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.
Üreme Üzerine Etkili Gnrh Hormonu ile Aşılanmış Dişi Sıçanların Serum Makro ve Eser Element Düzeyleri
(2018) Mis, Leyla; Eski, Funda; Yeltekin, Aslı Çilingir
Amaç: Hormonlar ile eser elementler arasında önemli birilişki vardır. Eser elementler konsantrasyonlarına bağlıolarak hayvan ve insan yaşamı üzerine faydalı ve zararlıetkilere sebep olabilir. Bu çalışmada, GnRH aşısı (Repro-Bloc™) uygulanan dişi sıçanların 6. ve 16. aylarına ait kanplazmalarında, makro ve eser element düzeylerindekideğişimin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 50 adet dişi Wistar Albinosıçan kullanılmıştır. Deney grubundaki her sıçana GnRHaşısından 200 μl kas içi tek doz olarak uygulanmıştır.Alınan kan plazma örneklerine gerekli işlemleruygulandıktan sonra ICP-OES (inductively-coupledplasma-optic emission spectroscopy) cihazında analizedilerek Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Se, K, P, Ca, Mg elementlerinindüzeyleri tespit edilmiştir.Bulgular: Çalışmada eser elementlerden Zn, Mn, Sedüzeylerinin ilk 6 aylık süreçte, Cu, Mn düzeylerinin ise16 aylık süreçte istatik olarak anlamlı değişikliklergösterdiği tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Makro elementlerde,ilk 6 aylık süreçte Ca, P elementleri, 16 aylık süreçte iseCa, Mg element düzeyleri istatik olarak anlamlı sonuçvermiştir (p<0.05).Sonuç: Çalışmada, sıçanlara uygulanan GnRH aşısınınmakro element ve eser element düzeylerine etki ettiğiortaya çıkmıştır.