Browsing by Author "Gul, Mehmet"

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The Effect of Prenatal Exposure of a Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug on the Optic Nerve of Female Rats: a Stereological, Histological, and Electron Microscopic Study
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Kaplan, Suleyman; Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Aktas, Abit; Gul, Mehmet; Onger, Mehmet Emin; Altunkaynak, M. Eyup; Ragbetli, Murat Cetin
Objective: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can have adverse effects for in both mother and fetus following administration during the prenatal period. If given during pregnancy, diclofenac sodium (DS), an NSAID, is given during the pregnancy, may also affect the development of the central nervous system (CNS) or related structures. Methods: Pregnant rats were separated into pure control (PG), saline (SG) and diclofenac groups (DG). A daily dose of 1 mg/kg of DS and 1 mL/kg saline was injected intraperitoneally to the DG and SG groups, respectively, from the 5th gestation day for a 15 day of period; the PG group received no treatment. After spontaneous delivery, female offspring were obtained from all groups. After the 20th week of postnatal life, the animals (n = 6 for each group) were perfused and the right optic nerves were resected. Sections were subjected to stereological and histological analysis. Results: There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between PG, SG and DG groups with respect to myelin thickness, axonal cross-sectional area, axon numerical density, total section area of optic nerve and axon number. Conclusions: Histological and stereological results indicated that treatment with DS or saline produced undesirable effects on female rat optic nerve development and myelinization with respect to morphology.
The Effect of Soybean Meal Treated With Formaldehyde on Amount of Protected Protein in the Rumen and Absorption of Amino Acid From Small Intestines
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2006) Yoruk, Mehmet Akif; Aksu, Taylan; Gul, Mehmet; Bolat, Duran
This study was conducted to determine the effects of soybean meal (SBM) treated with formaldehyde on rumen fermentation pattern, microbial protein synthesis, amount of by-pass protein, and amino acid absorption from small intestines. Four 1-year-old rams with ruminal, duodenal, and ileal cannulas were fed 800 g of dry clover plus a concentrate mixture containing 100 g of SBM treated with 0%, 0.3%. 0.6%, and 0.9% formaldehyde. The amount of crude protein passed through the duodenum was not affected by the formaldehyde treatment; however, the amount of microbial protein decreased in rams fed with SBM treated with both 0.3% and 0.6% formaldehyde (P < 0.05). Digestibility of acid detergent fibre (ADF) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) in the duodenum and ileum did not differ by treatments. In the rams fed SBM treated with both 0.3% and 0.6% formaldehyde, absorbability of arginine, histicline, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, and valine (essential amino acids), as well as alanine and aspartic acid (non-essential amino acids) significantly increased, whereas tyrosine absorbability notably decreased (P < 0.05). Formaldehyde treatment increased the absorbability of other essential amino acids (leucine and valine) and non-essential amino acids (serine and tyrosine) in the ileum (P < 0.05). Increasing the percentage of formaldehyde linearly increased total essential amino acid absorption in the duodenum (P < 0.05). In conclusion, 0.3% and 0.6% formaldehyde treatment enhanced the bioavailability of protein in SBM.
Study of the Neuroprotective Effect of Ginseng on Superoxide Dismutase (Sod) and Glutathione Peroxidase (gsh-Px) Levels in Experimental Diffuse Head Trauma
(Springer Wien, 2013) Demir, Ismail; Kiymaz, Nejmi; Gudu, Burhan Oral; Turkoz, Yusuf; Gul, Mehmet; Dogan, Zumrut; Demirtas, Sezin
The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of ginseng on antioxidant enzyme levels in brain damage following experimental diffuse head trauma in rats. The neuroprotective effect of ginseng was also studied. In this study, rats were divided into four groups, and the rats in group 1 received no intervention. In group 2, the rats were administered 50 mg/kg ginseng, injected intraperitoneally at 1, 24 and 48 h, and the effect of ginseng on normal tissues was studied. No drugs were administered to the rats in group 3 who had previously experienced diffuse head trauma using Feeney's falling weight method. In group 4, rats underwent Feeney's falling weight method, leading to diffuse head trauma, and they were given 50 mg/kg ginseng intraperitoneally 1, 24 and 48 h after head trauma. Rats were killed 72 h after head trauma and their brain tissues extracted for histopathological and biochemical studies. Histopathological study of brain cross sections in the trauma group demonstrated neurons in the trauma region and surrounding area, which generally had a dark-colored eosinophilic cytoplasm and a pyknotic nucleus, while the nuclei of neurons were located peripherally. However, brain cross sections in group 4 from rats given ginseng after head trauma showed fewer neurons with eosinophilic cytoplasm, pyknotic and peripheral nuclei in the trauma region and surrounding area. No statistically significant difference in the tissue SOD level was observed; however, the GSH Px level in group 4 was significantly reduced compared to that in group 3. After affecting the GSH Px level and reducing histopathological scores, ginseng was found to display antioxidant and neuroprotective activity.