Browsing by Author "Gulaydin, Ozgul"

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Determination of Mic Values of Various Antimicrobial Agents and Presence of Resistance Genes in Pasteurella Multocida Strains Isolated From Bovine
(Kafkas Univ, veteriner Fakultesi dergisi, 2021) Gulaydin, Ozgul; Gurturk, Kemal; Ekin, Ismail Hakki; Ozturk, Cihat
Pasteurella multocida is an important bacterium that can cause respiratory infections in cattle. Due to the usage of antimicrobial agents in the treatment of the disease frequently, it is critical to follow the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates. In this study, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of various antimicrobial agents and presence of genes related to resistance were investigated in 59 P. multocida strains isolated from the respiratory tract of cattle. According to MIC values determined by E-test, all of the isolates were susceptible to enrofloxacin, chloramphenicol and gentamicin, but resistant to cefoxitin. In addition, high resistance to ampicillin (88.14%), tilmicosin (64.41%), clindamycin (83.05%) and streptomycin (59.32%) were observed in the isolates. When the resistance genes were examined by PCR, it was determined that blaROB-1, tet H, sul II, str A/aphA 1 and erm 42 genes could play an important role in penicillin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprime, aminoglycoside and macrolide resistance, respectively. It was concluded that the usage of ampicillin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprime, macrolide and aminoglycosides should be considered for the treatment of respiratory tract infections caused by P. multocida in cattle. Also, it was determined that antimicrobial resistance genes could play an important role in the development of resistance in P. multocida.
Investigation of Biotype, Genotype and Virulence Associated Genes in Pasteurella Multocida Capsular Type a Strains From the Respiratory Tract of Cattle and Their Relationship With Disease Cases
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2020) Gulaydin, Ozgul; Gurturk, Kemal
Pasteurella (P.) multocida, which causes respiratory disease in cattle, can also be found commensally in the upper respiratory tract. Therefore, it is epidemiologically important to determine the possible difference between pathogenic and commensal strains for the diagnosis of the disease. In this study, phenotypic and genotypic characteristics and virulence associated genes of P. multocida capsular type A strains isolated from the respiratory tract of sick and healthy cattle were investigated. Also, the relationship between the disease status of animals and the characteristics of the isolates were evaluated. Total of 51 P. multocida capsular type A strains were biotyped and genotyped by using commercial bacteria identification kits and PCR-fingerprint, respectively. Four major biotypes generated from xylose and sucrose test results were detected in 39 (76.47%) isolates. Eleven different biotypes were detected in the remaining 12 isolates (23.53%), which were separated from the 4 major biotypes by mannitol, indole, sorbitol, nitrate, VP, lactose, arabinose, salicin, and rhamnose test. Four genotypes were detected in P. multocida isolates and most of them (90.2%) had genotype I profile. Virulence associated genes, such as hgbA, exbB, exbD, tbpA, ptfA, hsf-2, tadD, nanB, nanH, pmHAS, sodA, sodC, and oma87 were detected in all isolates whereas hgbB, toxA, and hsf-1 genes were not found by PCR. PfhA gene were found in 49 isolates (96.07%) but, ompH gene could be detected only in 10 (18.86%) isolates. The findings of the study indicated that P. multocida capsular type A strains generated as xylose positive/sucrose negative (biotype II) and genotype II may be associated with respiratory diseases of cattle. However, ompH gene was observed to be associated with sucrose negative isolates, but not with disease cases. As a result, it was concluded that xylose positive/sucrose negative biotype and genotype II determined in P. multocida capsular type A strains isolated from respiratory diseases of cattle, might be important epidemiological criteria in the differentiation of commensal and pathogenic isolates.
Investigation of Selected Bacterial Agents Causing Sheep Abortion in the Van Province by Rt-Pcr and Histopathological Methods
(veterinarni A Farmaceuticka Univerzita Brno, 2023) Gulaydin, Ozgul; Ozturk, Cihat; Ekin, Ismail Hakki; Ilhan, Ziya; Ilhan, Fatma
Abortion causes significant economic losses in the sheep industry. Determination of the aetiology is important in dealing with abortions. The present study was aimed to identify selected important bacterial pathogens in the abortion cases of sheep. A total of 113 samples (105 aborted sheep foetuses, 4 placentas, and 4 vaginal swab samples) from 85 different sheep flocks were examined by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) regarding Chlamydia (C.) spp., C. abortus, Brucella (B.) spp., B. melitensis, Salmonella (S.) spp., S. Abortusovis, Coxiella (C.) burnetii, Listeria (L.) spp., L. monocytogenes, and Campylobacter spp. All cases that were found to be positive for bacterial agents by RT-PCR, were examined pathologically. Tissue samples of foetuses that were found to be positive for B. melitensis and L. monocytogenes by RT-PCR were also investigated immunohistochemically. A total of 35 (30.9%) samples were found to be positive by RT-PCR, with 15 (42.8%), 9 (25.7%), 5 (14.2%), 4 (11.4%), 1 (2.8%), and 1 (2.8%) of them being identified as C. abortus, B. melitensis, S. Abortusovis, C. burnetii, L. monocytogenes and Campylobacter spp., respectively. The presence of the antigen was confirmed also immunohistochemically in the cases with B. melitensis and L. monocytogenes. As a consequence, C. abortus was found to cause the highest rate of sheep abortion cases, which should be taken into account when implementing control measures in epidemiological investigations.
The Investigation of The Presence of Some Bacterial and Viral Agents in Pearl Mullet (Chalcalburnus Tarichii, Pallas 1811) by Real-Time Pcr and The Histopathological Examination
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2018) Gulaydin, Ozgul; Ozturk, Cihat; Onalan, Sukru; Karapinar, Zeynep; Arabaci, Muhammed; Ekin, Ismail Hakki; Ilhan, Fatma
The aim of this study was to identify some bacterial (Vibrio cholerae, Listonella anguillarum, Yersinia ruckeri, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria and Aeromonas caviae) and viral (infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, viral hemorrhagical septicemia virus and infectious hematopoietic virus) pathogens by comparing the bacteriological culture and molecular methods with histopathological examination of various tissues seen in Pearl mullet from freshwater rivers inflowing to the Van lake. Accordingly, bacterial and viral agents were detected in a total of 180 pearl mullet samples by bacteriological culture and Real-Time PCR methods. The samples were collected from six different freshwater rivers that flows to Van lake by random sampling. In the study, Vibrio cholerae, Listonella anguillarum, Yersinia ruckeri, Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus, Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus and Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus could not be isolated. However, Aeromonas spp. was identified by bacteriological culture and Real Time PCR methods at 22.22% and 53.33% respectively. The most dominant species was observed to be Aeromonas hydrophila among all identified Aeromonas spp. In histopathological examinations of Aeromonas spp. positive samples, disorders were detected in gill, liver, spleen and kidney tissues. Telangiectasia, edema, hyperplasia and adhesions were observed on the seconder laminates of gills. In liver, the order of the Remak cords were disarranged, and degenerative changes formed in hepatocytes. Melano-macrophages loaded with hemosiderin were intensively detected in all Aeromonas positive samples. As a result, the risk of motile Aeromonas infections in the pearl mullet living in freshwaters flowing into the Van lake is still highly and this could lead to serious adverse effects on human health. To prevent these effects, attention must be paid to hygiene conditions and cold chain in fish served for consumption, the and rivers must be protected from pollution.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Macrolide-Lincosamide Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates From Bovine and Human
(Sciendo, 2023) Gulaydin, Ozgul; Gurturk, Kemal; Ekin, Ismail Hakki; Ilhan, Ziya; Arabaci, Cigdem
In this study, penicillin, oxacillin, and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS) resistance in S. aureus strains that were isolated from bovine mastitis cases, and human patients were investigated. Inducible clindamycin resistance (iML) was not found in 30 bovine isolates, while it was detected in 3 (10%) of 30 human isolates. MIC90 values of penicillin, oxacillin and macrolide-lincosamides (ML) were 2, 0.19, > 256 mu g/ml in bovine isolates and were 3, 3 and 0.19-1.5 mu g/ml in human isolates, respectively. Streptogramin resistance was not found in both bovine and human isolates. Although the mecA gene was detected in all of the oxacillin resistant isolates, blaZ gene could not be detected in penicillin resistant isolates. The erm(B) gene was detected in 5 (38.6%) of 13 ML-resistant bovine isolates, and the mph(C) gene was detected in 2 (66.66%) of 3 human isolates. As a result, resistance to penicillin and oxacillin was found to be higher in human S. aureus isolates, while ML resistance was found to be higher in bovine isolates in this investigation. It was concluded that the presence of genes in extra-chromosomal elements associated to penicillin and macrolide resistance should be investigated. The data obtained from this study will contribute to the studies on antimicrobial susceptibility in the field of human and veterinary medicine.