Browsing by Author "Him, Aydin"

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Consequences of Neurite Transection in Vitro
(Mary Ann Liebert inc, 2012) Cengiz, Nurettin; Ozturk, Gurkan; Erdogan, Ender; Him, Aydin; Oguz, Elif Kaval
In order to quantify degenerative and regenerative changes and analyze the contribution of multiple factors to the outcome after neurite transection, we cultured adult mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons, and with a precise laser beam, we transected the nerve fibers they extended. Cell preparations were continuously visualized for 24 h with time-lapse microscopy. More distal cuts caused a more elongated field of degeneration, while thicker neurites degenerated faster than thinner ones. Transected neurites degenerated more if the uncut neurites of the same neuron simultaneously degenerated. If any of these uncut processes regenerated, the transected neurites underwent less degeneration. Regeneration of neurites was limited to distal cuts. Unipolar neurons had shorter regeneration than multipolar ones. Branching slowed the regenerative process, while simultaneous degeneration of uncut neurites increased it. Proximal lesions, small neuronal size, and extensive and rapid neurite degeneration were predictive of death of an injured neuron, which typically displayed necrotic rather than apoptotic form. In conclusion, this in vitro model proved useful in unmasking many new aspects and correlates of mechanically-induced neurite injury.
The Effects of Phrenic Nerve Degeneration by Axotomy and Crush on the Electrical Activities of Diaphragm Muscles of Rats
(Humana Press inc, 2016) Alkis, Mehmet Esref; Kavak, Servet; Sayir, Fuat; Him, Aydin
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of axotomy and crush-related degeneration on the electrical activities of diaphragm muscle strips of experimental rats. In the present study, twenty-one male Wistar-albino rats were used and divided into three groups. The animals in the first group were not crushed or axotomized and served as controls. Phrenic nerves of the rats in the second and third groups were crushed or axotomized in the diaphragm muscle. Resting membrane potential (RMP) was decreased significantly in both crush and axotomy of diaphragm muscle strips of experimental rats (p < 0.05). Depolarization time (T (DEP)) and half-repolarization (1/2 RT) time were significantly prolonged in crush and axotomy rats (p < 0.05). Crushing or axotomizing the phrenic nerves may produce electrical activities in the diaphragm muscle of the rat by depolarization time and half-repolarization time prolonged in crush and axotomy rats.
Glutamate Responsiveness of Medial Vestibular Nucleus Neurons in Aged Rats
(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2010) Him, Aydin; Guneser, Ramazan; Cengiz, Nureddin; Ozturk, Gurkan
Disequilibrium, dizziness, vertigo and falls are vestibular system-related problems which are very common especially in older people. In order to clarify these age-related disorders one must understand first the age-related changes in the properties of vestibular neurons that are responsible for equilibrium. The responsiveness of medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) neurons to the NMDA and AMPA/kainate receptor agonists was investigated in slices prepared from young and aged rats using extracellular single cell recording techniques. In both young and aged rats bath application of NMDA and AMPA caused a reversible, dose dependant increase in the spontaneous discharge of the MVN neurons. The excitatory effects of both NMDA and AMPA on the spontaneous activity of aged MVN neurons were similar to those of young MVN neurons. The spontaneous firing rates of the MVN cells were also similar in young and aged rats. These results suggest that the responsiveness of the NMDA and AMPA/kainate receptors and the excitability of the MVN neurons do not change with age. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Investigation of the Hepatoprotective Effects of Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) in Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Toxicity
(Springer, 2013) Cengiz, Nureddin; Kavak, Servet; Guzel, Ali; Ozbek, Hanefi; Bektas, Hava; Him, Aydin; Balahoroglu, Ragib
More than 600 chemicals can cause damage in liver, one of which is carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Hepatoprotective agents could prevent tissue damage and reduce morbidity and mortality rates; such agents may include alternative or folkloric treatments. We investigated sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) for its hepatoprotective effect in CCl4-induced experimental liver damage. To this end, 0.8 mg/kg of sesame fixed oil was provided intraperitoneally to rats whose livers were damaged by CCl4. Tissue and blood samples were taken at the end of the experiments and evaluated histologically and biochemically. Ballooning degenerations and an increase in lipid droplets in liver parenchyma and increases in serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and bilirubin were found in the CCl4 group. Biochemical and histopathological findings in the sesame fixed oil treated group were not significantly different from the CCl4 group. Sesame did not show a hepatoprotective effect in CCl4-induced liver toxicity.
Smoking-Related Alterations in Serum Levels of Thyroid Hormones and Insulin in Female and Male Students
(innovision Communications, 2015) Meral, Ismail; Arslan, Ayse; Him, Aydin; Arslan, Harun
Context Cigarette smoking has large-scale and complex effects on the endocrine system. Various studies related to cigarette smoking have provided differing results. Therefore, more research is needed to determine the effects on the body that are created by cigarette smoking. Objectives The study was designed, to investigate the effects of cigarette smoking, primarily on thyroid hormones in serum, such as on levels of total triiodothyronine (tT(3)), free triiodothyronine (fT(3)), total thyroxine (tT(4)), free thyroxine (fT(4)), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (ie, thyrotropin), and insulin of young students aged 18-25 y. Design This study was a randomized, controlled trial. Setting The study was performed in the Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University (Van, Turkey). Participants Eighty healthy students, 40 females and 40 males, were included in the study. Intervention Of the 40 female participants, 25 were smokers, and 15 were nonsmokers. Of the 40 male participants, 25 were smokers; and 15 were nonsmokers. The intervention (smoking) group, therefore, consisted of 50 participants, and the control (nonsmoking) group consisted of 30 participants. Outcome Measures Serum concentrations of thyroid hormones and insulin were determined by enzyme-linked immunesorbent assays (ELISAs), using monoclonal antibodies; and by measurement of blood glucose, using a glucometer. Results The study found that both female and male smokers had higher levels of serum tT(3) and insulin hormone than nonsmokers had. A positive correlation was found between age and insulin resistance in male smokers. The study also found that male smokers had higher levels of serum tT(3) and fT(4) hormone than female smoken had. Conclusions Smoking may be associated with an increased Secretion of thyroid hormones and the development of insulin resistance. With aging, insulin resistance may increase more in male smokers than in female smokers.
The Susceptibility of Erythrocytes To Oxidation During Storage of Blood: Effects of Melatonin and Propofol
(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2012) Sekeroglu, Mehmet Ramazan; Huyut, Zubeyr; Him, Aydin
Objectives: We investigated the effects of melatonin and propofol in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant capacity of erythrocytes in stored bloods. Design and methods: Donated blood was taken into three citrate-phosphate-dextrose containing blood bags. One bag was used as control, the others were added either melatonin or propofol. Erythrocyte lipid peroxidation and antioxidant capacity and their sensitivity to in vitro oxidation were measured on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Results: In control group, erythrocyte malondialdehyde levels and sensitivity to in vitro oxidation were increased whereas glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase levels were decreased. Melatonin prevented malondialdehyde accumulation and preserved glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase levels. Propofol preserved glutathione and glutathione peroxidase levels but did not affect catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. Conclusions: We showed that melatonin in stored blood could prevent lipid peroxidation and increase the resistance of erythrocytes to in vitro oxidation while propofol did not show such effects. (C) 2012 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.