Browsing by Author "Izci, Kemal"

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Building the Bike: Development and Testing of the Biotechnology Instrument for Knowledge Elicitation (Bike)
(Springer, 2014) Witzig, Stephen B.; Rebello, Carina M.; Siegel, Marcelle A.; Freyermuth, Sharyn K.; Izci, Kemal; McClure, Bruce
Identifying students' conceptual scientific understanding is difficult if the appropriate tools are not available for educators. Concept inventories have become a popular tool to assess student understanding; however, traditionally, they are multiple choice tests. International science education standard documents advocate that assessments should be reform based, contain diverse question types, and should align with instructional approaches. To date, no instrument of this type targeting student conceptions in biotechnology has been developed. We report here the development, testing, and validation of a 35-item Biotechnology Instrument for Knowledge Elicitation (BIKE) that includes a mix of question types. The BIKE was designed to elicit student thinking and a variety of conceptual understandings, as opposed to testing closed-ended responses. The design phase contained nine steps including a literature search for content, student interviews, a pilot test, as well as expert review. Data from 175 students over two semesters, including 16 student interviews and six expert reviewers (professors from six different institutions), were used to validate the instrument. Cronbach's alpha on the pre/posttest was 0.664 and 0.668, respectively, indicating the BIKE has internal consistency. Cohen's kappa for inter-rater reliability among the 6,525 total items was 0.684 indicating substantial agreement among scorers. Item analysis demonstrated that the items were challenging, there was discrimination among the individual items, and there was alignment with research-based design principles for construct validity. This study provides a reliable and valid conceptual understanding instrument in the understudied area of biotechnology.
Exploring Prospective Science Teachers' Pedagogical Reasoning Skills Through Analyses of Student Written Responses
(dergipark Akad, 2021) Sardag, Metin; Izci, Kemal
The purpose of this study was to explore prospective science teachers' pedagogical reasoning skills by analyzing what they look for in middle school student's written exam responses, how they evaluate these responses, and how they plan to use these responses. The study was conducted as a case study. Seventy-six prospective science teachers who have taken the assessment and evaluation course participated in the study. The data was collected using a form that contained the responses of middle school students to the two open-ended questions on color formation and light. It was analyzed through the content analysis method. According to the findings, prospective teachers evaluated examined the student responses superficially, prioritized whether the responses were correct or incorrect, over-diagnosing the subject matters students had problems with, did not provide evidence for the claims they put forward while evaluating, and developed evaluations on students' conceptual learning without establishing a connection among a student's responses to different questions. These results reveal the significance of having practical training on how to evaluate and use student responses as part of prospective teachers' training on assessment and evaluation and that, through this training, they can develop their pedagogical reasoning skills.
Turkish, Indian, and American Chemistry Textbooks Use of Inscriptions To Represent 'types of Chemical Reactions
(Modestum Ltd, 2014) Aydin, Sevgi; Sinha, Somnath; Izci, Kemal
The purpose of this study was to investigate inscriptions used in, Types of chemical reactions. topic in Turkish, Indian, and American chemistry textbooks. We investigated both the types of inscriptions and how they were used in textbooks to support learning. A conceptual analysis method was employed to determine how those textbooks use inscriptions to present, Types of chemical reactions.. Results revealed that textbooks disproportionately used inscriptions at symbolic level and failed to present submicroscopic level. Moreover, in Turkish and Indian books, explicit connections between all three levels of inscriptions were inadequate whereas American textbook had them sufficiently. Inscriptions including multiple levels were provided simultaneously in American textbook. This research will contribute to growing literature of international studies about use of inscriptions in science textbooks.