Browsing by Author "Kalafat, Temel"

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Associations of Dysfunctional Interpersonal Schemas With Obsessive-Compulsive and Dissociative Symptoms in University Students
(Galenos Yayincilik, 2010) Boysan, Murat; Besiroglu, Luetfullah; Kalafat, Temel; Kagan, Muecahit; Ates, Can
Objective: The aim of the study was to explore associations between obsessive-compulsive symptoms, dissociation, and dysfunctional limitedness schemas. Methods: Data were collected from 322 undergraduates. The sample was composed of 159 females (49.38%) and 163 males (50.62%). The Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), the Padua Inventory (PI), the Clark-Beck Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (CBOCI), the Limitedness Schemas Questionnaire (LSQ), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered to the subjects. Hierarchical regression analyses were performed after controlling for age, gender, anxiety and depression. Results: Interpersonal limitedness schemas significantly predicted higher scores on dissociation and obsessive-compulsive symptoms after controlling for age, gender, anxiety and depression. Perceived interconnectedness was also associated with obsessive impulses and checking behavior as well. Conclusion: Interpersonal negativistic schemas, as a cognitive vulnerability factor, may be important in the emergence and maintenance of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and dissociation. Results are discussed under the theoretical approaches concerning dissociation and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. (Archives of Neuropsychiatry 2010; 47: 9-14)
Development of a Psychometric Instrument Based on the Inference-Based Approach To Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: the Obsessional Probabilistic Inference Scale
(Turkish Neuropsychiatry Assoc-turk Noropsikiyatri dernegi, 2014) Gulec, Mustafa; Deveci, Erdem; Besiroglu, Lutfullah; Boysan, Murat; Kalafat, Temel; Oral, Elif
Introduction: The current article addresses the validation of the construct of obsessional probabilistic inference in clinical and non-clinical samples. Obsessional probabilistic inference or obsessional doubt refers to a type of inferential process resulting in the belief that a state of affairs "maybe" causes development of a maladaptive cognitive coping style in terms of obsessing. Methods: The latent structure of the Obsessional Probabilistic Inference Scale (OPIS) was evaluated with confirmatory factor analysis. Results: Explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated that a one-factor solution was satisfactory for the instrument, assessing a unidimensional psychological construct. The OPIS was shown to have high internal consistency in all samples, as well as temporal stability, relying on predominantly non-clinical individuals. The scale exhibited high convergent validity and successfully discriminated patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder from both depressive patients and controls. Conclusion: The findings replicated and extended the role of reasoning process in the development and maintenance of obsessive compulsive symptoms. The results are discussed in regard to assumptions of the inference-based approach to obsessive-compulsive disorder.
The Predictive Value of Interpersonal Schemas, Perfectionism, and Thought Action-Fusion in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
(Yerkure Tanitim & Yayincilik Hizmetleri A S, 2012) Aydin, Adem; Boysan, Murat; Tutarel-Kislak, Sennur; Kalafat, Temel; Selvi, Yavuz; Besiroglu, Lutfullah
The predictive value of interpersonal schemas, perfectionism, and thought action-fusion in obsessive-compulsive disorder Objective: Cognitive vulnerability factors are central in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Nosological classifications among symptom clusters have been developed to enable the understanding of possible mechanisms underlying obsessive compulsive symptoms. Previous researchers have emphasized that perfectionist attitudes and thought action-fusion link to increase in obsessive compulsive symptom severity in clinical and nonclinical samples. However, multi-dimensional relations between obsessive compulsive symptoms and vulnerability factors such as interpersonal schemas have received little attention. This study examined connections between cognitive vulnerability factors and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Method: The data collected from 263 university students. Associations between variables were analyzed by using structural equation modeling. Results: The results of the study indicated that dysfunctional interpersonal schemas were the most hazardous factors that predict perfectionist attitudes, thought action-fusion, and symptom severity in obsessive compulsive disorder. Washing and precision were the final manifestation symptoms mediated by checking. Maladaptive interpersonal schemas, perfectionist attitudes, and thought action-fusion were all vulnerability agents in the development of obsessive compulsive symptoms. Checking played a prominent role in exacerbation of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Conclusion: Onset and maintenance of obsessive-compulsive disorder is a multidimensional process. Negativistic interpersonal beliefs seem to be an important risk factor. Findings are discussed in the light of current theoretical considerations.
Psychometric Properties of the Insomnia Severity Index in Turkish Sample
(Cumhuriyet Univ Tip Fak Psikiyatri Anabilim Dali, 2010) Boysan, Murat; Gulec, Mustafa; Besiroglu, Lutfullah; Kalafat, Temel
Objective: Prevalence of insomnia was detected approximately one third of normal population in surveys. Research evidence suggests that comorbid sleep problems in patients with psychiatric disorders and health problems are not rare. Therefore, the importance of development and using of the instruments that assess primary and secondary insomnia increases. Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) developed by Morin has translated into various languages and have prevalent use for the research purposes. The aim of the study was to assess psychometric properties of the Insomnia Severity Index in Turkish sample. Methods: Data were collected from 34 patients diagnosed with depression in psychiatry clinics of Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Medicine Research Hospital and 258 undergraduate healthy controls. The ISI, the Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were administered to the subjects. Concurrent validity was evaluated by calculating correlations between the ISI scores and other psychological variables. Item analyses, inner consistency coefficient and intraclass correlations between two repeated applications in both patient and healthy subjects were calculated. Construct validity was tested by using principal component analysis with varimax rotation and structural equation analysis. Results: Correlations between the instrument and other psychological variables were adequate. Item discriminations were higher than 0.44. Inner consistency of the scale was 0.79. Intraclass correlation at 30-day time interval in depressive patients was 0.65 and at 15-day time interval in 68 healthy controls was 0.82. It was found in factor analyses that Turkish form has a two-factor structure: 'Daily functionality' and 'sleep quality'. Conclusion: The ISI revealed adequate validity and reliability to be used by researchers in Turkish sample. Current results were discussed under the previous findings and concerning theoretical considerations. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2010; 11:248-252)
Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory (Ptci) in a Non-Clinical Sample
(Turkish Neuropsychiatry Assoc-turk Noropsikiyatri dernegi, 2013) Gulec, Mustafa; Kalafat, Temel; Boysan, Murat; Barut, Yasar
Background: Cognitive theories of posttraumatic stress disorder have increasingly been recognised. The Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory is a promising self-report instrument to assess negative cognitions associated with posttraumatic distress. Method: In this study, we examined the psychometric properties of the Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory in 653 non-clinical Turkish college students. 185 participants reported having experienced various types of trauma. Results: Confirmatory factor analyses replicated the original three-factor structure without excluding any items. Total and subscale scores of the instrument revealed strong connections with severity of depression, anxiety, and dissociative symptoms. Concurrent validity of the Self-Blame subscale was specific to subtype of trauma. The total and the subscales of the instrument had high internal consistency and adequate temporal stability over a two-week interval with an exception of the Self-Blame subscale. The correlation coefficient between the two applications was extremely low for the subscale. Conclusion: We assume that the Self-Blame subscale fails to perform well among individuals who had experienced an aversive event other than interpersonal trauma. The PTCI revealed adequate reliability and validity in a nonclinical Turkish sample.
Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Ptsd Symptom Scale-Self (pss-Sr)
(Cumhuriyet Univ Tip Fak Psikiyatri Anabilim Dali, 2012) Aydin, Adem; Barut, Yasar; Kalafat, Temel; Boysan, Murat; Besiroglu, Lutfullah
Objective: The PTSD Symptom-Self Report Scale (PSS-SR) is a widely used psychometric instrument in studies for assessing post-traumatic symptoms. In this study, we our aim was to address the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the PSS-SR by assessing the validity of the original three-factor structure of the scale as well as concurrent validity and reliability. Methods: Participants were 596 college students and 20 patients with PTSD experienced earthquake in Van and consequently applied to psychiatry clinic seek for treatment. 64.61 percent of the subjects were females (n=398). Mean age of the participants was 21.81 +/- 2.78. In the study, subjects were administered the PSS-SR, Impact of Event Scale (EIS-R), Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Validity of the original three-factor structure of the PSS-SR was assessed by using confirmatory factor analysis. Correlations between scores of the instrument and other psychological variables were calculated. Internal consistency and 15-day test-retest reliability of the instrument were assessed. Results: Findings obtained with confirmatory factor analysis replicated the validity of the original three-factor structure. Significant linkages of total and subscale scores of the PSS-SR to other psychological variables provided additional evidence for construct validity of the instrument. Internal consistency for total scale was 0.90 and for subscales ranged between 0.72-0.82. 15-day temporal stability coefficient for total scale was 0.66. Conclusion: The Turkish translation of the PSS-SR has adequate validity and reliability. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2012;13:125-130)
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde İşlevsel Olmayan Kişilerarası Şemaların Obsesif Kompulsif ve Disosiyatif Belirtilerle İlişkisi
(2010) Kalafat, Temel; Kağan, Mücahit; Beşiroğlu, Lütfullah; Ateş, Can; Boysan, Murat
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı işlevsel olmayan sınırlılık şemaları, obsesif kompulsif belirtiler ve disosiyasyon arasındaki ilişkileri araştırmaktır.Yöntemler: Çalışmanın verileri 322 üniversite öğrencisinden toplanmıştır. Örneklemin 159’u kız (% 49.38) ve 163’u erkektir (%50.62). Araştırmaya katılan kişilere Disosiyatif Yaşantılar Ölçeği (DYÖ), Padua Envanteri (PE), Clark-Beck Obsesif-Kompulsif Ölçeği (CBOKÖ), Sınırlılık Şemaları Ölçeği (SŞÖ), Beck Anksiyete Envanteri (BAE) ve Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE) uygulanmıştır. Yaş, cinsiyet, anksiyete ve depresyon kontrol edildikten sonra hiyerarşik regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır.Bulgular: Yaş, cinsiyet, anksiyete ve depresyon kontrol edildikten sonra kişilerarası sınırlılık şemalarının disosiyasyon ve obsesif kompulsif belirtilerin şiddetindeki artışı önemli ölçüde yordadığı bulunmuştur. Algılanan bağımlılık da benzer şekilde obsesif dürtüler ve kontrol etme davranışıyla önemli düzeyde ilişkilidir.Sonuç: Kişilerarası olumsuz şemalar disosiyatif ve obsesif kompulsif belirtilerin ortaya çıkışında ya da devam etmesinde bilişsel bir yatkınlık faktörü olarak önemli olabilir. Sonuçlar obsesif kompulsif belirtiler ve disosiyasyonla ilişkili teorik yaklaşımlar çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.
Uykusuzluk Şiddeti İndeksi'nin Türk Örneklemindeki Psikometrik Özellikleri
(2010) Gulec, Mustafa; Boysan, Murat; Beşiroğlu, Lütfullah; Kalafat, Temel
Amaç: Toplumda yapılan tarama çalışmaları uykusuzluk yaygınlığının yaklaşık üçte bir oranında görüldüğünü bildirmektedir. Psikiyatrik bozuklular ve sağlık sorunu yaşayan hastalarda uykuyla ilişkili zorlukların azımsanmaya-cak düzeyde olduğu yolunda güçlü araştırma bulguları vardır. Bu anlamda birincil ve ikincil uykusuzluğu değerlen-dirmede kullanılacak ölçme araçlarının geliştirilmesi ve kullanımı daha da önem kazanmaktadır. Morin'in geliştir-diği Uykusuzluk Şiddeti İndeksi (UŞİ) farklı dillere de çevrilmiş, pratik kullanıma sahip bir ölçme aracıdır. Bu çalış-mayla Uykusuzluk Şiddeti İndeksi'nin Türk örneklemindeki psikometrik özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlan-mıştır. Yöntem: Araştırmanın verileri Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Araştırma Hastanesi Psikiyatri Polikli-niği'ne başvuran 34 depresyon hastası ve sağlıklı 258 üniversite öğrencisini oluşturduğu bir örneklemden toplan-mıştır. Araştırmaya katılan deneklere UŞİ, Hamilton Depresyon Ölçeği (HAM-D), Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ) ve Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi Ölçeği (PUKÖ) uygulanmıştır. UŞİ'nin birlikte geçerliliği diğer psikolojik değişkenlerle korelasyonlar hesaplanarak değerlendirilmiştir. Madde analizleri, iç tutarlılık katsayısı ve tekrarlı uygulamalar arasında sınıf içi korelasyon katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Yapı geçerliliğini değerlendirebilmek amacıyla varimaks rotasyonlu ana bileşenler analizi ve yapısal eşitlik analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Sonuçlar: Ölçeğin diğer değişken-lerle korelasyonları yeterli düzeydedir. Ölçek maddelerinin ayırt edicilikleri 0.44'ün üzerindedir. Tüm maddeler için iç tutarlıklık katsayısı 0.79 olarak bulunmuştur. Depresyon hastalarında 30 günlük sınıf içi korelasyon 0.65 ve sağlıklı kişilerde 15 günlük sınıf içi korelasyon 0.82'dir. Faktör analizleri sonucunda ölçme aracının Türkçe formu-nun iki faktörlü bir yapı gösterdiği görülmüştür: 'Günlük işlevsellik' ve 'uyku kalitesi'. Tartışma: UŞİ Türk örnekle-minde araştırmacılar tarafından kullanılabilecek yeterli geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik düzeyine sahiptir. Sonuçlar önceki bulgular ve kuramsal yaklaşımlar çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.
Validation of the Turkish Version of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (oci-R) in Clinical and Non-Clinical Samples
(Turkish Neuropsychiatry Assoc-turk Noropsikiyatri dernegi, 2014) Aydin, Adem; Boysan, Murat; Kalafat, Temel; Selvi, Yavuz; Besiroglu, Lutfullah; Kagan, Mucahit
Introduction: The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) is a widely used self-report instrument developed to overcome the problems with the available instruments. The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the revised Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (OCI-R) in Turkish sample. Methods: The psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) were assessed in clinical samples (n=44 for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and n=44 for patients with major depression (MD) and a non-clinical student sample (n=287). Results: The confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the original six-factor structure was valid in the Turkish sample. The overall and each of the subscales showed moderate to good internal consistency and convergent validity as well as test-retest reliability. However, the Cronbach's alpha was excessively low for the hoarding subscale in the OCD group. The total and subscale scores of the OCI-R satisfied at discriminating patients with OCD from both patients with MD and healthy controls, with an exception of the neutralizing subscale. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the OCI-R did not reveal sound psychometric properties. Findings are discussed in the light of current theoretical considerations.