Browsing by Author "Kalmer, Aysenur"

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Hebeloma Bingolense, a New Species in Section Hebeloma (Basidiomycota) From Turkey
(Gebruder Borntraeger, 2022) Acar, Ismail; Dizkirici, Ayten; Kalmer, Aysenur; Uzun, Yusuf
In the current study, a new fungus species Hebeloma bingolense sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on materials collected in Bingol, Turkey. Drawings of microscopic characters, scanning microphotographs of the basidiospores, and color pictures of the basidiomes in their natural habitats are provided. Molecular analysis was also carried out to characterize the new species reliably by using DNA sequences of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (nrITS) and nuclear large subunit of ribosomal RNA gene (nrLSU). The phylogenetic position and evolutionary relationships of H. bingolense with other species of Hebeloma are inferred by means of Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inferences (BI) of the concatenated dataset. The novel taxon is located within a well-supported clade formed by members of Hebeloma section Hebeloma and it is closely related to H. dunense and H. alpinicola.
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Hebeloma Subtortum (Hymenogastraceae), a New Record Macrofungus From Bingol Province, Turkey
(Kastamonu Univ, 2019) Dizkirici, Ayten; Acar, Ismail; Kalmer, Aysenur; Uzun, Yusuf
Aim of Study: The specimen identified as Hebeloma subtortum based on both morphological and molecular characterizations. Area of Study: Samples were collected from Bingol province and the study was conducted at the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics in Van Yuzuncu Yil University. Material and Methods: Characters of pileus, stipe, lamellae and basidia, cystidia, spores were used as macroscopic and microscopic features, respectively. DNA sequences of two loci including the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the large subunit (LSU) of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene were used to show the evolutionary relationship and taxonomic position of the species within Hebeloma genus. The DNA sequences of the above-mentioned regions of H. subtortum were compared to those of the same and different species of the genus downloaded from NCBI. Main results: In phylogenetic analyses, H. subtortum distinctly clustered with its representatives retrieved from NCBI with high bootstrap value. The ITS tree was more informative compared to LSU. Hebeloma subtortum closely grouped with H. mesophaeum in the ITS tree. Research highlights: Hebeloma subtortum has been described and illustrated as a new record from Turkey.
New Turkish Records of Hebeloma Excedens and H. Geminatum, and Confirmation of H. Celatum
(Mycotaxon Ltd, 2022) Dizkirici, Ayten; Kalmer, Aysenur; Acar, Ismail
Hebeloma excedens and H. geminatum are reported as new records and H. celatum is confirmed for the Turkish mycota, on the basis of morphological and phylogenetic data. Morphological descriptions, illustrations, and comparisons with closely related taxa are provided.
Phylogeny of Some Melanoleuca Species ( Fungi: Basidiomycota) in Turkey and Identification of Melanoleuca Angelesiana A.h. Sm. as a First Record
(Kastamonu Univ, 2018) Kalmer, Aysenur; Acar, Ismail; Dizkirici Tekpinar, Ayten
Aim of Study: The purposes of the present study are to describe and identify all collected Melanoleuca samples using morphological characters, determine phylogenetic relationships among species using DNA sequences of ITS and LSU regions and check the number of subgenera of Melanoleuca genus. Area of Study: Samples were collected from different parts of Turkey and the study was conducted at the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics in Van Yuzuncu Yil University. Material and Methods: Twenty-two samples, representatives of fourteen species, were used. Structures of pileus, stipe, lamellae and basidia, cystidia, spores were used as macroscopic and microscopic features, respectively. The nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (nrITS) and largest subunit (LSU) were amplified for molecular analyses. Main results: Taxonomic positions of some Melanoleuca species from Turkey were evaluated based on both morphological characters and sequences of two different nuclear DNA regions. nrITS region was more informative (112 variable sites in ITS1, 1 in 5.8S and 95 in ITS2 subregions) compared to LSU (46 variable sites). Analyses of ITS region revealed that the genus Melanoleuca was monophyletic and divided into two subgenera as Melanoleuca and Urticocystis. Research highlights: Within studied species, Melanoleuca angelesiana was firstly reported for mycobiota of Turkey
Selim (Kars) Yöresinden Türkiye Mikobiotası için Yeni Bir Kayıt
(2021) Kalmer, Aysenur; Dizkirici, Ayten; Acar, İsmail; Öğün, Yaşar; Uzun, Yusuf
Hebeloma cylindrosporum (Hymenogastraceae, Basidiomycota), Türkiye’nin Selim (Kars) ilçesinden Türk mikotası için yeni kayıt tür olarak tanımlanmıştır. Tanımlanan tür, Hebeloma cinsine ait Scabrispora seksiyonunda yer almaktadır. Detaylı deskripsiyon, fotoğraflar ve morfolojik ve filogenetik karakterlere dayalı olarak yapilan cins icindeki filogenetik pozisyonu verilmiştir. Cins içindeki filogenetik ilişkilerinin belirlenmesi transkribe edici iç aralayıcı (ITS) bölgenin dizisine dayanılarak sağlanmıştır. Yapılan filogenetik analizler türün Scabrispora seksiyonunda yer aldığını göstermiştir.
Türkiye Mikotası İçin Yeni Bir Kayıt Olan Cortinarius Caerulescens (Schaeff.) Fr. Üzerinde Filogenetik ve Taksonomik Çalışmalar
(2019) Kalmer, Aysenur; Acar, İsmail; Dizkirici, Ayten
Bu çalışmada Hakkari ilinin Şemdinli ilçesinden Cortinarius caerulescens (Schaeff.) Fr. türü Türkiye makromikotası için yeni kayıt olarak verilmiştir. Türün kısa tarifi, makro ve mikromorfolojiyle ilgili fotoğraflarıyla birlikte verilip kısaca açıklanmıştır. Makro/mikro karakterlere ek olarak, incelenen örneğin yeni bir kayıt olarak tanınmasını desteklemek için nrDNA ITS (Transkripsiyonu yapılabilen aralayıcı bölgeler) ve LSU (D1 / D2, Büyük alt birim) bölgelerinin DNA dizileri kullanılmıştır.
Türkiye’de Bulunan Bazı Leucoagaricus Türlerinin Morfolojik ve Moleküler Teşhisleri ve Yeni Bir Kaydın Ortaya Çıkarılması
(2019) Acar, İsmail; Dizkirici, Ayten; Kalmer, Aysenur
Leucoagaricus (Agaricaceae) cinsinin üyeleri, dünyanın ılıman iklim bölgesinde yetişirler. Mycobank veri tabanında 238 Leucoagaricus türü listelenmesine rağmen, Türkiye'de şu ana kadar sadece 10 tür belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada cinse ait dört türün (Leucoagaricus subvolvatus, L. barssii, L. subcretaceus ve L. leucothites) taksonomik konumları, morfolojik ve moleküler kanıtlar değerlendirilerek tartışılmış ve L. subvolvatus Türkiye mikobiyotası için yeni bir kayıt olarak tanımlanmıştır. Her çalışılan türün iç Internal transcribed spacer bölgesi (ITS) filogenetik ilişkileri çözmek için dizilenmiş ve yeni kayıt türün mikroskobik ve makroskobik özellikleri ayrıntılı olarak açıklanmıştır.
Türkiye'den Melanoleuca Cinereifolia Türünün Moleküler ve Morfolojik Teşhisi
(2022) Acar, İsmail; Kalmer, Aysenur; Dizkirici, Ayten
Bu çalışmada Melanoleuca cinereifolia, Türkiye'nin Diyarbakır ilinden ilk kez rapor edilmiş, makro/mikro-morfolojik karakterleri ile nükleer ribozomal Internal Transcribed Spacer (nrITS) bölgesinin DNA dizileri baz alınarak tanımlanmıştır. Türün makro ve mikro morfolojik tanımı, doğal ortamdaki taze bazidyomların fotoğrafları ve mikroskobik yapılarının çizimleri ile birlikte verilmiştir. Bu tür esas olarak kısa saplı, grimsi kahverengi şapka, gri lamelli ve şişe biçiminde sistityumlu bazidiyom ile karakterize edilir. Filogramda, M. cinereifolia, Melanoleuca alt cinsindeki akrabaları ile birlikte kümelenmiştir. Türler ve yakın akrabaları arasındaki morfolojik ve moleküler benzerlikler ve farklılıklar ayrıntılı olarak tartışılmıştır.
Utility of Various Molecular Markers in Fungal Identification and Phylogeny
(Gebruder Borntraeger, 2019) Tekpinar, Ayten Dizkirici; Kalmer, Aysenur
Identification of fungi to the species level has some challenges because of great diversity in morphology and ecology. Therefore, developing an efficient species recognition system which is applicable for all fungi seems difficult. Currently, DNA sequences of different regions have become powerful molecular data for rapid identification of specimens and overcoming the different sets of traditional criteria used for describing fungal species. However, deciding the potential region(s) as DNA barcode is a crucial step to identify biological specimens and to assign them to a given species. In the present review, usefulness of several DNA markers (ITS, LSU, SSU, COX1, RPB1, RPB2, beta-tubulin, MCM7, TEF1-alpha, gamma-actin, ATP6 and CaM genes) were investigated based on current studies. The pros and cons of each gene in Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and other fungal phyla were discussed. Even though numerous studies were completed to decide a marker as DNA barcode for a specific taxon it was observed that potential DNA barcodes vary from species to species. However, ITS was indicated by lots of studies as the potential barcode for most of fungi due to high degree of interspecific variability, conserved primer sites and multiple copy nature in the genome. Several protein-coding regions such as TEF1-alpha, RPB1, RPB2, beta-tubulin and CaM genes may be accepted as secondary barcodes for the vast majority of Ascomycota genera such as Penicillium, Aspergillus and Fusarium. Therefore, concatenated alignment of the ITS region with one or more protein-coding genes may be effective for finer-scale species-level identification of specific fungi.