Browsing by Author "Kankaya, Ertugrul"

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Alterations in Histology and Antioxidant Defense System in the Testes of the Lake Van Fish (Alburnus Tarichi Guldenstadt, 1814)
(Springer, 2016) Kaptaner, Burak; Kankaya, Ertugrul; Dogan, Abdulahad; Durmus, Atilla
Recent reports have demonstrated gonadal abnormalities in the Lake Van fish (Alburnus tarichi) from Lake Van caused by increasing pollution. In the present study, the fish was collected from an area of Lake Van receiving mainly sewage treatment plant effluent at prespawning period (April) and from a river (Karasu) which is close to the polluted area of the lake and where the fish migrates at spawning period (May). Collected specimens were examined for testicular alterations, gonadosomatic index (GSI), condition factor (CF), and antioxidant defense system biomarkers based on comparison with a reference lake (Ercek) and a reference freshwater inlet (Memedik River). Histological examinations of the testes of fish from the polluted area and the connected river showed various alterations consisting of macrophage aggregates, vacuolation, pyknosis, germ cell degeneration, seminiferous tubule dilation, disorganization of tubules, reduced spermatozoa, and fibrosis. A lower GSI and CF were also observed. Moreover, alterations in the antioxidant system biomarkers were determined in the testis tissues of fish from the Lake Van and Karasu River, indicating oxidative stress. These results suggest that the abnormalities in the testes are causally related to the increased oxidative stress, and pollution in Lake Van may have adversely affected the reproductive health of the lake Van fish.
Analysis of Germ Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Androgenesis in the Lake Van Fish (Chalcalburnus Tarichi) During Testicular Development
(Springer, 2013) Kaptaner, Burak; Kankaya, Ertugrul
In the present study, the testis histology, gonadosomatic index (GSI), germ cell proliferation and apoptosis, and the plasma 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and testosterone (T) levels of male Chalcalburnus tarichi were analyzed. According to the histological examinations of the specimens that were caught between February 2009 and January 2010, three testicular stages were determined. Those stages were as follows: (1) recrudescence or prespawning (July-April), (2) spawning (May-June), and (3) postspawning (July). It was observed that the GSI increased gradually, starting from the recrudescence stage, and it reached peak values at the spawning stage, while the lowest values were in the postspawning. Germ cell proliferation in the testis was detected using a proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and germ cell apoptosis was detected by transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining. The germ cell PCNA and apoptosis index values were calculated. It was indicated that germ cell proliferation was observed in all of the testicular stages. The highest germ cell PCNA index (PI) levels were detected in July, August, and September, which then dropped in October and stabilized between February and April. The lowest PI values were detected in the spawning stage (May-June). Germ cell apoptosis was observed in all of the months, and the highest apoptotic index values were detected in August, September, October, May, and June. Plasma 11-KT and T levels were at their highest levels in May and June, and it was detected as stabile in the other months. There was a correlation between GSI, PI, and plasma androgen levels. In conclusion, the present data illustrate testicular development stages for C. tarichi and show changes in the level of GSI and sex steroid biosynthesis through spermatogenesis.
Biological Characteristics of Siraz Fish, Capoeta Kosswigi (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) and Host Relationship With Ectoparasitic Glochidia Larvae of Freshwater Mussel, Unio Stevenianus (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in the Karasu River (Van, Türkiye)
(Central Fisheries Research inst, 2023) Atici, Ataman Altug; Kankaya, Ertugrul
Capoeta kosswigi (Karaman, 1969) and Unio stevenianus (Krynicki, 1837) are endemic species in the Karasu river, the Lake Van basin. This study was carried out to determine the biological characteristics of C. kosswigi and distribution and prevalence of U. stevenianus glochidia on this host fish. A total of 379 C. kosswigi were caught by electrofishing between March 2022 and February 2023. The maximum fork length and total weights of C. kosswigi were 29.2 cm and 421.8 g for females and 27.8 cm and 337.9 g for males. The length-weight relationships were calculated as W=0.017L2.881 (r2=0.986) for males (negative allometric growth) and W=0.016L3.001 (r2=0.953) for females (isometric growth). The Fulton condition factor was determined as 1.53 +/- 0.13 (1.23-1.99). The female:male ratio was calculated as 0.18:1.00. Additionally, a total of 12525 Unionid glochidia were detected on C. kosswigi samples in this study. Glochidia was more inclined to prefer male C. kosswigi as a host. The highest amount of glochidia was recorded in May, while the lowest in August. The amount of glochidia was statistically found the highest in the gill filaments (454.3 +/- 678.0) compared to all fins. Therefore, the native species, C. kosswigi is a suitable host for the freshwater mussel, U. stevenianus.
Caspase-3 Activation in Cytotoxicity of Isolated Rainbow Trout (Oncorhyncus Mykiss) Hepatocytes Induced by Bisphenol a
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2016) Kaptaner, Burak; Kankaya, Ertugrul
The present study was carried out to examine caspase-3 activity in cytotoxicity of isolated rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss) hepatocytes induced by bisphenol A. For this purpose, cultured hepatocytes were exposed to various concentrations of BPA (10, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 M) for 24 and 48 h. Cell viability was detected by measuring lactate dehydrogenase release into the medium. BPA demonstrated a cytotoxic effect on hepatocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and was found to be severely toxic for hepatocytes with concentrations of 250 mu M BPA and higher at both 24 and 48 h. Caspase-3 activity was significantly induced by BPA with 100 and 2501 mu M concentrations at 24 h, and 50 and 100 mu M concentrations at 48 h. The results suggest that cytotoxicity of rainbow trout hepatocytes induced by BPA is mediated by caspase-3 activation.
Determination of Selected Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Lake Van, Turkey
(Springer, 2013) Oguz, Ahmet R.; Kankaya, Ertugrul
In the present study, we investigated the distribution of 17 beta-estradiol (E2), 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2), alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEs) and organochlorine pesticides (DDE/DDT) in water and sediment samples in the Eastern Anatolia of Turkey, Lake Van, which is the largest soda lake in the world. The procedure consisted of solid phase extraction performed with OASIS HLB cartridges followed by non-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The endocrine disrupting compounds E2, EE2, and DDT/DDE were detected in most of the lake samples with mean concentrations of 0.996 +/- A 0.304, 0.050 +/- A 0.022, and 0.749 +/- A 0.658 ng/L in water, respectively. Mean concentrations of E2, EE2 and DDT/DDE in sediment were 0.098 +/- A 0.053, 0.091 +/- A 0.072, and 1.281 +/- A 0.754 ng/g, respectively. APEs were not measured in the sediment samples. The EDCs levels in surface water and sediment samples were lower than that of other countries. The EDCs were also found in effluent and influent municipal sewage samples. Van city municipal wastewater treatment plant has no removal efficiency for EDCs.
Effects of 17α-Ethynylestradiol on Hepatosomatic Index, Plasma Vitellogenin Levels and Liver Glutathione-S Activity in Lake Van Fish (Chalcalburnus Tarichi Pallas, 1811)
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2009) Kaptaner, Burak; Kankaya, Ertugrul; Unal, Guler
17 alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2), a synthetic estrogen used in birth control pills, has frequently been detected in aquatic environments. In the present study, male and female individuals (3+ ages) of Chalcalburnus tarichi, an endemic cyprinid fish living in the Lake Van basin located in the eastern Anatolia region of Turkey, were exposed to nominal concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 ng/L EE2 for 32 days at semistatic daily renewal conditions. After exposure, plasma vitellogenin (Vtg), hepatosomatic index (HSI), and liver glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity were examined. Plasma Vtg concentrations exhibited significant inductions in all doses of EE2 in both sexes. HSI did not change at the 1 and 10 ng/L EE2 concentrations; it, however, significantly increased after 100 ng/EE2 exposure in males and females. Liver GST activity significantly increased in females at the 1 ng/L EE2 exposure, whereas it did not change in males. On the other hand, GST activity was inhibited in both sexes at the 10 and 100 ng/L EE2 exposures. The results of this study indicate that C tarichi is highly suspectible to EE2 and its detoxification capability may be weakened by EE2-inhibiting phase II enzyme, GST.
Effects of Juniperus Root Extract on Wound Healing, Gene Expression, and Biochemical Response in Yellowtail Acei Pseudotropheus Sp. Fish
(Springer, 2024) Onalan, Sukru; Kankaya, Ertugrul
Injuries are an undesirable situation in fish kept in aquariums. The use of antibiotics in wound healing is not preferred due to the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria and for economic reasons. This study was conducted to demonstrate the efficacy of Juniperus root extract in healing experimentally induced incised wounds in yellowtail acei. Wound closure time, morphology, malondialdehyde content, glutathione s-transferase activity, changes in gene expression levels, non-dispersibility of the extract in aqueous environment, and retention on the wound were analyzed. In the antibiotic group, the scarring of the wound was observed on the sixth day. On the other hand, in the root extract group, wound healing was completed on the second day. In addition, a significant decrease in malondialdehyde and glutathione s-transferase levels was observed in the extract group compared to the control group. It was found that SWS2a, RH2B, and LWS gene expression levels started to decrease during wound healing at the end of the second day in the extract-treated group. In the antibiotic group, the same effect was observed on the seventh day. Important properties of the extract used, such as not dispersing in the water environment and remaining on the wound, were also determined. It would be useful to continue the experiments with Juniperus root extract, which has been shown to be effective in wound healing, with microscopic studies on aquaculture and diseases.
Erythrocyte Fragility in Pearl Mullet (Alburnus Tarichi Guldenstadt, 1814) During Migration From Highly Alkaline Water To Freshwater
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2017) Arihan, Okan; Kaptaner, Burak; Kankaya, Ertugrul
Pearl mullet (Alburnus tarichi Gilldenstalt, 1814) is an endemic fish species living in the Lake Van basin. Lakes Van and Ercek are soda lakes which have alkaline and brackish properties. Pearl mullet migrate to freshwater streams surrounding these lakes for spawning and return back to the lake environment after reproduction. Migration takes places from the lakes into freshwater streams and the fish are exposed to 2 different environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to assess erythrocyte osmotic fragility, a test providing information about the membrane stability of erythrocytes and the physiological strength of erythrocytes against physicochemical stress, during spawning migration. For this purpose, blood samples were collected into EDTA containing tubes from fish sampled from Lake Ercek and a freshwater environment pouring into the lake (Memedik Stream). Erythrocyte osmotic fragility was performed on the collected blood samples. The results indicated a significant increase in erythrocyte osmotic fragility at 0.4 and 0.5% NaCl concentrations for freshwater stream samples. It can be concluded that the increased erythrocyte osmotic fragility in the freshwater environment was causally related to physicochemical changes. Further research can be conducted on physiological mechanisms that cause this observed change in erythrocyte fragility which is an indicator of membrane stability.
Growth and Reproduction Properties of Capoeta Capoeta (Guldenstaedt, 1772) in Zernek Dam Lake, Van, Turkey
(Medwell online, 2008) Sen, Fazil; Elp, Mahmut; Kankaya, Ertugrul
This study was carried out in Zernek Dam Lake, Van, Turkey. In this study, 586 individuals have sampled and investigated between June 2006 and October 2007. The ages, lengths and weights of individuals varied from 1-7 years, 4.0-41.0 cm and 0.7-1060.4 g, respectively. Age-length and length-weight relationships were calculated as L(t) = 48.927x(1-e(-0.2038x(t+0.2028))), as W = 0.0137xL(2.992) respectively. The mean condition factor was defined as 1.339 +/- 0.005. The male: female ratio was estimated as 1:1.72. It was established that females and males attained sexual maturity when they reached to 23 and 15 cm in length, 180 and 60 g and 4th and 2nd age, respectively, spawning was observed between beginning of June and 2nd week of July. It may be suggested that fishing should be forbidden between 1 May and 1 August and minimum catching size must be 5th age, 26 cm fork length and 220 g total weight.
Growth and Reproduction Properties of Chub in Savur Stream in Turkey
(indian veterinary Journal, 2007) Sen, Fazil; Altun, Muharrem; Elp, Mahmut; Kankaya, Ertugrul
Chub (Leuciscus cephalus), a freshwater fish, is a member of the Cyprinidae family and widely distributed throughout European waters, the Black Sea Basin and Anatolian waters. The main aim of the present investigation was to study growth and reproduction characteristics of the chub (Leucicus cephalus orientalis) in Savur stream.
Hemato-Biochemical Responses of Van Fish (Alburnus Tarichi Guldenstadt, 1814) During Sublethal Exposure To Cypermethrin
(Taylor & Francis inc, 2018) Ozok, Necati; Oguz, Ahmet R.; Kankaya, Ertugrul; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir
Cypermethrin is a highly active type II pyrethroid that is widely used to control harmful insects. The present study was conducted to investigate the possible effects of the sublethal concentration of cypermethrin (0.05L/L) on the biometric, hematological, and biochemical parameters of Van fish (Alburnus tarichi Guldenstadt 1814) for 24, 48, 72, and 96h. Behavioral and physiological changes were observed in the fish treated with cypermethrin. Hematological parameters revealed a significant decrease in the erythrocyte (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (Hct) values (p .05). Serum enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (AST, EC 2.6.1.1), alanine aminotransferase (ALT, EC 2.6.1.2), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, EC 1.1.1.27) activities and serum cortisol level were significantly increased (p .05). The results showed that changes in the biometric, biochemical, and hematological values of the Van fish exposed to cypermethrin can be used as biomarkers for monitoring toxicity.
Induction of Micronuclei in Chalcalburnus Tarichi (Pallas, 1811) Exposed To Sub-Lethal Concentrations of Methyl Parathion
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2012) Kankaya, Ertugrul; Arslan, Ozlem Cakal; Parlak, Hatice; Unal, Guler
The micronucleus assay (MNT) is a mutagenicity test system for determining pollution and chemicals causing changes in DNA fragments, such as micronuclei (MN) in the cytoplasm of interphase cells. Damage caused in the DNA by genotoxic pollutants is the first consequence occurring in the aquatic organisms. The MNT in fish erythrocytes has increasingly been used to detect the genotoxic effects of environmental mutagens, and its frequency is considered to reflect the genotoxic damage to cells, mainly the chromosomes. In this study, the genotoxic effects of methyl parathion (MP), one of the most commonly used pesticides in Lake Van Basin, on Chalcalburnus tarichi (Pallas, 1811), which is an economically important endemic species in the basin, were investigated. The experiment was carried out over a period of 30 days using an in vivo method on samples of peripheral erythrocytes of C. tarichi taken at sampling times. The fish were exposed to increasing concentrations of MP (1.47, 2.1, 3.0, 4.28 and 6.11 mg L-1) under semi-static conditions in the laboratory. The increase in micronucleus frequency was significant as well as altered cells' frequencies. Thus, it was attempted to determine whether MP affected the erythrocytes of C. tarichi at the level of DNA by means of the MN test. According to the results of the present study, the highest level of frequency of MN was found at 6.11 mg L-1. In conclusion, this study indicates that the MN test gives sensitive results in determining the genotoxicity of pesticides, and thus, it might be used as a standard method for regularly monitoring the genotoxic effects of pesticides.
Toxicity of Bisphenol a During the Early Life Stages of Chalcalburnus Tarichi (Pallas, 1811)
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2015) Kankaya, Ertugrul; Kaptaner, Burak; Dogan, Abdulahad; Celik, Ismail
In this study fertilized eggs, and larvae of Chalcalburnus tarichi were exposed to bisphenol A, an endocrine-disrupting chemical, to determine its toxic effects. A semistatic test procedure was followed to investigate the effects of the bisphenol A at concentrations of 0.75, 1.50, 3.00, 6.00, 12.00, 24.00, and 48.00 mg/L. The 96 hours median lethal concentration level for the eggs was determined as 3.96 mg/L. The hatching rates of the control and bisphenol A-treated groups were 80.3%, 12.0%, 3.4%, 1.5%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.0%, and 0.0%, respectively. The 96 h median lethal concentration level for the larvae was determined as 3.52 mg/L. The observed deformities in the larvae included slowed heart rate and blood circulation, developmental arrest, regressed swim bladder formation, cardiac edema, lordosis, hemorrhage, organ hypertrophy, delayed yolk sac withdrawal, and regression in the pigmentation. On the other hand, effect of sublethal concentrations of bisphenol A on the antioxidant defense system in the larvae of Chalcalburnus tarichi was investigated until yolk sac withdrawal. The results revealed that the malondialdehyde content and glutathione reductase activity increased at 0.75 and 1.50 mg/L of bisphenol A and returned to the control levels at 3.00 mg/L. The superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione content was significantly reduced. The glutathione peroxidase activity was elevated only at 0.75 mg/L of bisphenol A. The glutathione-S-transferase activities and catalase activities did not alter. It was concluded that bisphenol A was a toxic substance for the fish fertilized eggs and larvae and changes antioxidant defense.
Toxicity of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate To Tarek (Alburnus Tarichi) Larvae
(Ankara Univ, Fac Agriculture, 2024) Kankaya, Ertugrul; Atici, Ataman Altug
Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate is a group of anionic detergents widely used in domestic and industrial applications. It causes adverse effects by mixing with aquatic environments. Chemicals mixing with aquatic environments affect fauna and flora at different levels. This study was carried out to determine the toxicity of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate for the larvae of tarek (Alburnus tarichi Guldenstadt, 1814), a fish living in the Van Lake basin which has economic and ecological value. The chemical was administered at concentrations of 0.0, 0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4, and 3.0 mg L-1 in the acute test and 0.0, 1.2, and 2.4 mg L-1 in the chronic test. Tests were carried out using 100 larvae in each group. Bioassays were carried out at mean temperature of 20.9 +/- 0.4 degree celsius. A median lethal concentration of 4.883 (4.099-6.482) mg L-1 at 96 hours was calculated for the larvae. Glutathione content, superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase activity decreased significantly at 1.2 mg L-1 and increased significantly at 2.4 mg L-1 compared to controls (P<0.05). The malondialdehyde content increased significantly depending on the increase in chemical concentration (P<0.05). Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate is toxic to tarek larvae in terms of the measured biochemical parameters.