Browsing by Author "Kara, K."

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Dietary Nitrate and Nitrite Levels in an Endemic Upper Gastrointestinal (Esophageal and Gastric) Cancer Region of Turkey
(2003) Türkdoǧan, M.K.; Testereci, H.; Akman, N.; Kahraman, T.; Kara, K.; Tuncer, I.; Uygan, I.
Background/aims: The aim of this study was investigate nitrate and nitrite levels in some traditional foods and drinking water in Van, an endemic upper gastrointestinal (esophageal and gastric) cancer region of Eastern Turkey. Methods: Cheese with added herbs, drinking; water, bread baked by wood fire and bread baked by burning animal manure specimens collected in the Van region were analyzed by Stahr's modification method. Nitrite was reduced to nitrate by the following three reagents: hydrazine sulphate ((NH2) 2SO4), CuSO4 and NaOH. Nitrate was then determined by coupling reagent containing sulphanlyamide, phosphoric acid and N-1-naphtyl ethylendiamine dihydrochloride. Results: Nitrate and nitrite levels of all traditional foods and nitrite levels of drinking water were very significantly elevated compared to standard values (p<0.001-0.01). Conclusions: These findings suggest that the influence of a traditional diet rich in nitrate and nitrite is significant in the development of endemic upper gastrointestinal (esophageal and gastric) cancers in the Van region of Turkey.
The Effect of Mediterranean Thyme (Thymbra Spicata L. Var. Spicata) Essential Oil on Fattening Performance and Ruminal Parameters in Lamb
(Kielanowski inst Animal Physiology Nutrition, 2017) Baytok, E.; Kara, K.; Aksu, T.; Guclu, B. K.; Ozkaya, S.; Denek, N.; Akcay, A.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Thymbra spicata L. var. spicata (TS) essential oil (10 or 15 mu l . kg(-1) live weight (LW)) on growth performance (LW, LW gain, feed intake) and rumen parameters (volatile fatty acids (VFA)) and ammonia levels, and pH) in lambs. The experiment lasted 56 days, including 14 days of adaptation and 42 of experimental period. The TS essential oil was extracted from the leaves harvested at the beginning of plant flowering and contained: 66.86% carvacrol, 12.18% p-cymene, 10.73%.-terpinene and 2.77% thymol. The addition of TS essential oil to concentrate feed did not affect final LW, LW gain, feed intake or feed conversion ratio (P > 0.05). Molar concentrations (mmol . l(-1)) of total VFA and acetic (A), butyric (B) and propionic (P) acids, and levels of pH and ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) in rumen fluid were also not affected by TS essential oil inclusion (P > 0.05). However, the proportion of A and (A+B): P ratio in rumen fluid VFA increased linearly (P < 0.01) with increasing TS essential oil doses, whereas the P proportion decreased linearly (P = 0.008). So, it could be suggested that TS essential oil enhanced the concentration of selected VFA in rumen fluid through a positive effect on feed digestion in the rumen. In particular, the linear increase in A and (A+ B): P ratio could have enhanced fibrolytic effect in the rumen ecosystem. It was concluded that different doses and longer terms of use of TS essential oil should be further investigated in in vivo studies.
Effect of Salinomycin on Broiler Performance
(2006) Demirulus, H.; Eratak, S.; Kara, K.
In this study, effects of salinomycin on broiler performance were evaluated. Six levels of salinomycin added to feed were tested (0, 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9 ppm, respectively) for 49 days. Increasing the level resulted in a decrease in body weight, feed intake, weight gain and feed efficiency. The highest body and neck weight (1972.5 and 90.9 g) and the best feed efficiency (1.59) were obtained with 1 ppm salinomycin (p<0.05). The best viability rate (96%) was obtained with 3 ppm salinomycin (p<0.05). The highest plucked, carcass, tight, wing, breast and back weight of the group were 1629.1, 1316.9, 399.0, 150.0, 440.0 and 300.7 g, respectively. The highest abdominal fat weight (36.8 g) observed with 7 ppm salinomycin used group (p<0.05). © 2006 Asian Network for Scientific Information.