Browsing by Author "Karaca, Serhat"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 30

Akkeçi' Lerde Yaş ve Laktasyon Sırasının Bazı Meme Özelliklerine Etkisi
(2004) Keskin, Sıddık; Kor, Aşkın; Karaca, Serhat; Arslan, Serhat
Bu çalışmada; Akkeçi'lerde, sütten kesim döneminden sonra periyodik olarak (6 dönem) ölçümü yapılan bazı meme özellikleri ve sağım mevsiminde sağılan günlük ortalama süt veriminin; ölçüm dönemleri ve laktasyon sırası ile ölçüm dönemleri ve yaşa göre değişiminin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ele alınan meme özelliklerinden; meme genişliği ile birlikte, sağılan günlük ortalama süt verimi, hem laktasyon sırası ve hem de yaşa göre farklılık (P<0.05) gösterirken, sol meme başı uzunluğu bakımından laktasyon sıraları, sağ meme başı uzunluğu ve meme çevresi bakımından da yaş grupları arasındaki farklılık istatistik olarak önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.05).
Associations Between Cyp17 Gene Polymorphisms, Temperament and Maternal Behavior in Ewes, and Growth in Their Lambs
(Elsevier Science inc, 2021) Karaca, Serhat; Ser, Gazel; Ulker, Hasan; Yilmaz, Onur; Cakmakci, Cihan; Ata, Nezih; Saribey, Muammer
This study was conducted to determine temperament and maternal care classes, CYP17 gene polymor-phisms, and cortisol status of a group of Norduz ewes. Additionally, the relationships between these fac-tors, their effects on lambs survival and growth characteristics were investigated. A total of 72 ewes were subjected to arena and isolation box tests to determine their temperament classes. The distance the ewe retreated from the lamb during tagging was utilized to assess ewe maternal care classes. Ewes were genotyped for CYP17 628 SNP. Blood samples were collected between lambing and weaning to measure cortisol concentrations of ewes. The survival and growth data for the lambs of these ewes were recorded until weaning. Two temperament (low reactive and high reactive) and 2 maternal care classes (strong and moderate) were present. Two CYP 17 SNP 628 alleles (A and G) and 3 genotypes (AA, AG, and GG) were identified. For the distribution of CYP17 genotype frequencies within the population, the temperament or maternal care classes were not different (P > 0.05). The temperament of ewes did not affect mater-nal care in our flock. Positive partial correlations between cortisol and total cross, distance to stimulus, and sniffing were determined (P < 0.05). CYP17 genotype was an effective factor for some behavioral traits (i.e., total cross) and cortisol release (P < 0.001). Neither temperament (P = 0.636) nor maternal care classes (P = 0.985) differed with cortisol concentrations. CYP17 genotype, cortisol status, tempera-ment or maternal care class of ewes did not affect birth or weaning weight of their lambs (P > 0.05). Although there was no significant relationship among CYP17 genotype, maternal care, and lamb survival and growth, the effect of CYP17 genotype on some behavioral traits and cortisol release was found to be significant. Further studies with larger animal populations are required to elucidate the possible use of CYP17 SNP 628 genotypes as genetic markers for temperament classification. (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Determination of Pre-Parturition and Post-Parturition Behaviors of Norduz Goats
(Kafkas Univ, veteriner Fakultesi dergisi, 2012) Yilmaz, Ayhan; Karaca, Serhat; Kor, Askin; Bingol, Mehmet
The objective of this study was to determine of pre-parturition and post-parturition behaviors of Norduz Goats. Animal subjects consisted of 18 primiparous single-birth does aged 2-3 years. During the kidding time, the goats were recorded with digital video cameras for one hour pre parturition and 24 h post-parturition in order to register parturition traits. Twelve does (67%) gave birth while being recumbent and six (33%) while standing (P<0.01). The majority of kidding (n=12, 67%) occurred between 12.00 -18.00 h, followed by 18.00-24.00 h (n=4, 22%) and 00.00-06.00 h (n=2, 11%). The majority of does (n= 83%) accepted and nursed their kids after parturition; however, 3 does (17%) rejected their kids after parturition. Of those does who accepted their kids, 14 (93%) refrained from feeding throughout the observation period, whereas only 1 (7%) left her kid to feed during this period (1/15). The duration of parturition, the duration of placenta expulsion, the latency to first sniffing, the latency to first licking, the latency to first suckling, the duration of first suckling, the latency to first standing, and the duration of standing at the birth site were 21.99 +/- 2.49 min., 120.74 +/- 6.98 min., 0.64 +/- 0.39 min., 0.82 +/- 0.22 min., 22.65 +/- 2.37 min., 0.62 +/- 0.13 min., 17.50 +/- 2.42 min. and 4> h, respectively. These results clearly suggest that in Norduz goats the parturition behavior occurs within four hours after the parturition, and also Norduz goats are observed to be having a normal maternal behavior regarding with investigated behavioral characteristics
Does Coping Style Affect Behavioral Responses and Growth Performance of Lambs Weaned at Different Ages
(Elsevier Science inc, 2021) Cakmakci, Cihan; Karaca, Serhat; Maria, Gustavo A.
The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between coping style (CS), and physiological, behavioral characteristics and growth performance of lambs weaned at different ages. Male Karakas lambs (n = 75, mean age = 30 d) obtained from a breeder farm were subjected to a 3-minute open field test. Of the 75 lambs classified by hierarchical clustering on principal components' scores on open field test behaviors, 40 were assigned to 1 of 2 groups as proactive (Pro, n = 20) or reactive (Rea, n = 20). Pro (n = 10) and Rea (n = 10) lambs were selected randomly and weaned at 45 d (D45). The remaining 20 lambs (10 Pro, 10 Rea) were weaned at 75 d (D75). Lambs from Pro and Rea groups (Pro n = 5, Rea n = 5) were randomly assigned to each pen (n = 10). Blood samples were taken from lambs just before and 20 minutes after the start of open field test and at weaning (on 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 d after weaning) to measure serum cortisol, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, total protein, and triglyceride concentrations. There was no significant effect of CS on blood parameters measured both in open field test and that measured at weaning (P > 0.05). CS had significant effect on live weight (LW) and average daily weight gain (ADWG) (P < 0.05). Reactive lambs had greater LW and ADWG than Pro lambs (P < 0.05). Weaning age (WA) had significant effect on LW and ADWG (P < 0.05). The ADWG were greater in D75 lambs than in D45 lambs (P < 0.05). CS did not have significant effect on behavioral variables measured at weaning, except for success index values. Rea lamb had greater index values than Pro lambs (P < 0.05). WA had significant effect on behavioral variables measured at weaning and those variables were higher in D75 lambs than in D45 lambs (P < 0.05). Partial correlations between open field test behaviors and those measured at weaning were not significant (P > 0.05). There was a significant positive partial correlation between aggressive behaviors and glucose (P < 0.05). The strongest partial correlations in the network were between creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase (r = + 0.78, P <0.05), and stereotypic behaviors and aggressive behaviors (r = + 0.67, P <0.05). Although the behavioral responses measured in the open field test are less time consuming than are those measured in ethological field studies, they do not reflect adequately the social behavior of lambs after weaning; however, WA had significant effects on social and stereotypical behaviors; therefore, to ensure social cohesion among lambs, it is important to identify the appropriate age for weaning. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Does the Length of Time Dried Distillers' Grain With Solubles Substitution for Soybean Meal Affect Physiological Indicators and Meat Quality in Finishing Lambs
(Wiley, 2021) Karaca, Serhat; Erdogan, Sibel; Guney, Mehtap; Cakmakci, Cihan; Saribey, Muammer; Kor, Askin; Ulker, Hasan
This study examined how inclusion of dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) in finishing lamb diets for different periods affects some physiological indicators and meat quality. A total of 40 male lambs were divided into four groups according to feeding regimen during the 120-day finishing period as follows: C120: no DDGS included in diet for 120 days; D120: DDGS included in diet for 120 days; D75: no DDGS included in diet for 45 days + DDGS included in diet for 75 days; D45: no DDGS included in diet for 75 days + DDGS included in diet for 45 days. Dietary inclusion rate of DDGS was 27.5%. Fattening performance and rumen parameters were not affected by treatment. Feeding regimens had no significant effect on meat quality except the instrumental tenderness and juiciness score. DDGS fed lambs had higher level of total trans fatty acids and n-6/n-3 ratio in meat. 10t-C18:1, 11t-C18:1 and 9c,11t conjugated linoleic acid contents of adipose tissue were higher in all the DDGS groups compared with C120 lambs (p < .001). These results suggest that soybean meal can be replaced with corn DDGS in lamb diets for up to 120 days during the finishing period with no adverse effects on some physiological response feedlot performance and meat quality.
The Effect of Behavioral Reactivity on Maternal Behavior and Offspring Growth Performance in Norduz Ewes
(Elsevier, 2021) Aydogdu, Neclan; Karaca, Serhat
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of behavioral reactivity on maternal behavior of ewes and early postnatal behavior and growth in lambs until weaning. The study was carried out with 100 multiparous Norduz ewes and 30 lambs. The study began by performing arena and scale tests and determining the test cortisol level in ewes during the anestrus period. Then, ewes were divided into two groups according to test reactivity as either "reactive" or "proactive" by using hierarchical cluster analysis. On the 50th day after mating, 15 reactive and 15 proactive gestating ewes of similar live weight, body condition and age (54.5 +/- 0.58 kg, 3.19 +/- 0.023 points and 4.07 +/- 0.089 years, respectively) and carrying a single fetus each were selected and placed in one of two groups. Behavior of ewes and lambs from each group were monitored for a 3 -h period post-partum and the ewe-lamb separation test was performed within first 3 days postnatal. Ewes were phenotyped according to grooming duration, number of bleats, leaving lamb, preventing sucking etc., while lambs were phenotyped based on number of successful sucks, bleats, total suck duration, etc. Growth was determined by recording live weights of lambs at 2-week intervals until the 90th day. The whole trial lasted a total of 9 months. Ewes grazed entirely on rangeland with no extra feed supplementation. Ewes were fed with alfalfa hay and gradually supplemented with barley and concentrate during the winter. Serum cortisol levels were found significantly different in reactive and proactive ewes (1.57 ng/ml and 0.86 ng/mL, respectively; p < 0.001). During the early postnatal period, more high-pitched bleats were counted for proactive ewes, who also left their lambs alone more often than reactive ewes (p < 0.01), whereas reactive ewes had higher scores for following during ewe-lamb separation tests (p < 0.05). Lambs of reactive ewes had a higher total number of successful sucks, longer sucking duration (p < 0.05), and better growth performance at day 30 and day 45 (p < 0.05) as compared to lambs of proactive ewes. However, the weaning weights of reactive and proactive lambs were found similar as 30.3 +/- 1.01 vs 30.2 +/- 0.71 kg, respectively. In sum, the results of the present study indicated that some early postnatal ewe-lamb behaviours, ewe-lamb separation test score and lamb growth may be associated with behavioral reactivity. Given these findings, it was concluded that behavioral reactivity has potential use in efforts to improve maternal care and lamb welfare.
Effect of Different Feeding Systems on the Fattening Performance, Slaughter-Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality in Lambs
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2016) Karaca, Serhat; Yilmaz, Ayhan; Kor, Askin; Bingol, Mehmet; Keskin, Siddik
The aim of the study was to find out the effect of different feeding systems on the fattening performance, slaughter and carcass characteristics, and meat quality of Norduz male lambs. Lambs were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 each, as follows: 2M (2 meals/day), 4M (4 meals/day) and SF (self-feeder). Then, lambs were fed according to these regimes for 70 days to determine the feed conversion ratio, dressing percentage, carcass fatness and meat quality traits such as pH, color and water holding capacity. Although live weights and daily weight gains were found to be similar among the groups, significant differences were found in the daily feed intake (2M: 1.53 kg; 4M: 1.70 kg; SF: 1.89 kg) among groups (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed in slaughter and carcass characteristics except dressing percentage (2M: 49.69%; 4M: 50.59%; SF: 48.46%). Meat quality traits were also similar among groups, except for pH(24h) (2M: 5.77; 4M: 5.95; SF: 6.10) (p<0.01).
Effect of Different Housing Systems on Fattening Performance, Slaughter and Carcass Characteristics of Akkeci (White Goat) Male Kids
(Springer, 2011) Kor, Askin; Karaca, Serhat; Ertugrul, Mehmet
The aim of this study was to determine the fattening performance and the slaughter and carcass characteristics of Akkeci (Saanen x Kilis (B-1) crossbred) male kids raised in individual crates (IC) or in group pen housing (GP). In both GP and IC groups, total 13 heads of male kids, whose initial body weights were 21.43 +/- 1.03 kg and 20.61 +/- 0.98 kg, respectively, evaluated for their fattening performances. After 56 days of the fattening period, the final body weights and average daily weight gains of the GP and IC kids were recorded as 30.84 +/- 0.82 kg and 25.84 +/- 0.76 kg; 182.42 +/- 14.77 g and 92.09 +/- 13.76 g, respectively (P < 0.001). Adrenal gland weights of the GP and IC groups were similar as 1.66 +/- 0.25 g and 1.77 +/- 0.22 g, respectively. Although, the carcass conformation of kids was similar between groups, there were significant differences between GP and IC groups for some slaughter and carcass characteristics. In general, although housing kids reared in individual crates provides opportunity to individually feed and monitor a kid, the results obtained from the individual crates in the present study were not satisfactorily from the ethological and production points of view.
Effect of Dried Corn Distillers' Grains With Solubles and Soybean Meal Supplements on Physiological Indicators and Reproductive Performance of Ewes
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Erdogan, Sibel; Karaca, Serhat; Guney, Mehtap; Kor, Askin; Cakmakci, Cihan; Saribey, Muammer
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of adding dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) to the nutritional regimens of ewes at different time periods on reproductive traits, serum hormones and serum metabolites. In Experiment 1, 100 ewes were divided into 4 groups (n=25) according to diet. The four diets were grass hay (H) alone (group H), H with barley (group H+B), H with DDGS for the whole feeding period (27d) (group H+DDGS) or H and DDGS for 5d (d 8-12 of oestrus cycle) (group H+DDGS5). Serum progesterone concentrations were affected by oestrus cycle (p<0.001), but not by dietary treatments. However, feeding H+DDGS caused significant increases in serum insulin, leptin and growth hormone concentrations (p<0.05). In Experiment 2, 30 ewes were divided into 2 groups (n=15), receiving DDGS or soybean meal (SBM) during the prepartum period. Diets had no significant effect on weights of dams or lambs at birth; however, the weaning weights of lambs born from ewes of group DDGS were significantly higher (p<0.05). Moreover, serum glucose, blood urea nitrogen, triglyceride and beta hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentrations during the prepartum period were affected by dietary treatments and by time (p<0.001). During the prepartum period, BHBA concentrations of ewes fed SBM were higher, while BHBA levels decreased during the last weeks of pregnancy regardless of diet. Lamb serum immunoglobulin G concentrations increased from 1h to 24h after birth (p<0.001). Colostrum of ewes fed SBM had higher fat-free dry matter (DM) and protein contents in comparison to colostrum of ewes fed DDGS (p<0.05). In conclusion, DDGS can be included as protein source in pregnancy rations up to 15% of DM to obtain reproductive performance outcomes equal to or exceeding those obtained with SBM.
The Effect of Feeding System on Fattening Performance, Slaughter, and Carcass Characteristics of Norduz Male Kids
(Springer, 2010) Daskiran, Irfan; Bingol, Mehmet; Karaca, Serhat; Yilmaz, Ayhan; Cetin, Ayse Ozge; Kor, Askin
The study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding systems on fattening performance, slaughter, and carcass characteristics of male Norduz kids. In the study, 20 male Norduz kids weaned at 2.5 months of age were divided into two groups after weaning. The first group was reared under semi-intensive conditions (SI) on a mixture of pasture and concentrate, and the second group was reared under extensive conditions (E) on pasture only. SI group had higher final weight (35.30 kg versus 32.81 kg), daily weight gain (153.10 g versus 132.14 g), and warm carcass yield (44.84% versus 46.55%) compared to the E group although there were no significant differences. Body organs, carcass parts, prime cuts, and chemical composition of the chop area did not also differ in two groups significantly. As a conclusion, this study showed that semi-intensive feeding systems improved kid fattening performance and carcass characteristics.
The Effect of Feeding System on Slaughter-Carcass Characteristics, Meat Quality, and Fatty Acid Composition of Lambs
(Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh, 2016) Karaca, Serhat; Yilmaz, Ayhan; Kor, Askin; Bingol, Mehmet; Cavidoglu, Isa; Ser, Gazel
In this study, we aimed to determine the slaughter-carcass characteristics, meat quality, and fatty acid composition in lambs raised under intensive and extensive conditions. The animal material consisted of 30 Norduz male lambs, with an average age of 171 days. The lambs were divided into two groups: concentrate-fed lambs (CO) and pasture-fed lambs (PS). The results showed that the CO lambs had heavier carcasses (p < 0.001), a higher dressing percentage (p < 0.001), and higher intramuscular fat (p < 0.01) than the PS lambs. It was determined that the longissimus thoracis muscle of the CO lambs had a lower ultimate pH and higher L* and water-holding capacity than the PS lambs. In this study, intramuscular fat (longissimus thoracis, semimembranosus, triceps brachii), subcutaneous and tail fat samples were used to evaluate the effect of feeding system on fatty acid composition. The polyunsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid ratio (PUFA / SFA) of intramuscular fat was found to be significantly higher in the CO group than in the PS lambs, while similar subcutaneous and tail fat results were found in both groups. Moreover, the PS lambs had a lower n6 / n3 ratio and higher percentage of omega-3 than the CO lambs in all tissues studied (p < 0.05). Overall, the CO lambs have heavier and fattier carcasses with better meat quality traits than the PS lambs. However, the effects of feeding system have varying results based on the fatty acid composition of different types of fat deposits.
Effect of Maternal Experience and Body Condition on Patterns of Ewe-Lamb Bonding Behaviors and Pre-Weaning Growth Performance of Lambs
(Elsevier Science inc, 2023) Karaca, Serhat; Aydogdu, Neclan; Ser, Gazel
Many factors, involving parity and body condition can have a profound effect on physiological and sensory determinants of maternal behavior and, consequently, the establishment of the ewe-lamb bond. Thus, exploring the factors and their interactions that influence maternal behavior is critical to improve the overall lamb survival and welfare. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of parity and body condition score (BCS) on early ewe-lamb bonding behaviors and pre-weaning growth performance in lambs. The study was carried out with 12 first-parity (primiparous; PP), 12 second-parity (biparous: BP), and 14 third or more parity (multiparous: MP) Norduz ewes and 38 singleton lambs. In the study, ewe-lamb bonding behaviors were analyzed based on parity (PP, BP, and MP) and body condition score groups (BCS <= 3 and BCS > 3). Behaviors of ewes and lambs from each group were monitored for a period of 3 hours after parturition, and the ewe-lamb separation test was performed within the first 24 hours after parturition. Maternal behaviors such as latency to grooming, the number of low and high pitch bleats, and preventing sucking and neonatal behaviors such as latency to successful suck, the number of bleats and the total sucking duration were determined. The live weights of the lambs were recorded every 2 weeks until the 90th day. Ewes were grazed entirely on pasture without extra feed supplementation during the pasture season. Ewes were fed with alfalfa hay and gradually supplemented with barley and concentrate throughout the winter. While the grooming duration was not affected by parity, BCS > 3 ewes had longer grooming duration than BCS <= 3 ewes (P < 0.05). More prevention of sucking, butting, and low and high pitch bleating were counted for PP ewes than BP and MP ewes (P < 0.05). Parallel to these results, PP lambs had the longest latency to successful suck (P = 0.046) and the highest number of sucking attempts (P = 0.033). The mean sucking duration of MP lambs was significantly longer than PP lambs (P < 0.038). Birth weight of PP lambs was lower than MP lambs, but neither parity nor BCS had a significant effect on growth performance of lambs. In conclusion, the findings of the study showed that lack of maternal experience caused a negative effect on co-operation with lamb sucking attempts, but did not significantly affect growth performance. It can be suggested that BCS had little effect on maternal behavior and growth performance of lambs for ewes with a body condition score of 2.85-3.33 during the mating period. (c) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
The Effect of Organic Selenium in Feeding of Ewes in Late Pregnancy on Selenium Transfer To Progeny
(Revista Brasileira Zootecnia Brazilian Journal Animal Sci, 2017) Erdogan, Sibel; Karadas, Filiz; Yilmaz, Ayhan; Karaca, Serhat
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of supplemented organic selenium at different levels to concentrate feed of Norduz ewes in late pregnancy on maternal serum, placenta, colostrum, and offspring serum concentrations. This study was conducted using two-year-old 35 Norduz ewes. Ewes were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments for 57 days prepartum and at the seven days postpartum. Group 1 was fed a standard pregnant sheep concentrate basal diet without any additional Se supplement (control). Experiment groups were fed diets supplemented with 0.150 mg/kg, 0.300 mg/kg, and 0.450 mg/kg organic selenium to the same basal diet. Results showed that addition of selenium to gestating ewe diets increased Se in serum after one week of feeding. Ewes supplemented with 0.300 and 0.450 mg/kg Se had increased placenta, serum, and colostrum Se levels compared with those fed the control diet (P<0.05). There was a strong positive correlation between placental and serum Se concentration in ewes. Colostrum Se increased linearly with dietary Se in the treatment groups. At birth, lamb serum Se ranged from 48.96 ng/mL to 195.52 ng/mL and was affected by the Se concentration of the ewe diets, which indicated placenta transfer of selenium from the dam. As selenium level increased in basal diet, an upward trend was observed in maternal free thyroxine concentration. Likewise, serum free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, and immunoglobulin G concentrations of lambs from the three treatment groups were significantly greater than of the control lambs. As a result, selenium supplementation was important for maintaining Se and immunoglobulin G concentration in placenta, serum, and colostrum in ewes.
The Effect of Some Pre-Slaughter Factors on Meat Quality of Bulls Slaughtered in a Commercial Abattoir in Turkey
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2017) Arik, Erol; Karaca, Serhat
One-hundred and eighteen bulls slaughtered at Van city abattoir were evaluated to determine the effects of some pre-slaughter factors on meat quality traits. The effect of breed on meat quality traits was limited except for water holding capacity (WHC) and Brown Swiss cross bulls had higher WHC than Simmental cross bulls. Bulls aged 30 months and older had higher pH(24h) (6.05 vs. 5.76; p<0.001) and lower L* and b* values than younger bulls. Bulls that were transported from 300 km away had significantly higher pH(24h) (6.10 vs. 5.71; p<0.01) and lower L*, a*, b*, cooking loss, and WBSF than bulls with <= 125 km transport distance (p<0.05-p<0.01). Bulls that waited unrestrained in lots had higher pH(24h) and lower L*, b* and WBSF (7.06 vs. 5.31; p<0.01) values than those that were restrained while waiting in abattoir. Effects of age, lairage and waiting type on dark cutting incidence were also significant and average percentage of dark cutting was 24.78% (pH(24h) >= 6.2). As a result, it was determined that the percentage of DFD carcasses was high and dark cutting was serious problem.
The Effect of Temperament on Maternal Behavior and Lamb Survival and Growth in Sheep
(2019) Aydoğdu, Neclan; Karaca, Serhat
KOYUNLARDA MİZACIN ANALIK DAVRANIŞLARI İLE KUZULARDA BÜYÜME VE YAŞAMA GÜCÜNE ETKİLERİ AYDOĞDU, Neclan Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Zootekni Anabilim Dalı Tez Danışmanı: Doç. Dr. Serhat KARACA Ağustos 2019, 60 sayfa Bu çalışmanın amacı, koyunlarda mizacın analık kabiliyeti, kuzularda doğum sonrası erken dönem davranışları ile büyüme-gelişme özelliklerine etkisinin belirlenmesi olmuştur. Araştırmanın hayvan materyalini iki veya daha fazla sayıda doğum yapmış 100 baş multipar Norduz koyunu ve bunlardan doğum ve doğum sonrası davranışlarının belirlenmesi için seçilen 30 koyundan doğan toplam 30 kuzu oluşturmuştur. Korku testleri sonucunda koyunlar, reaktif (pasif) ve proaktif (aktif) olarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Ayrıca ana yavru ayırma testleri ile analık kabiliyeti değerlendirmeleri de yapılarak, kuzularda büyüme ve gelişme sütten kesime kadar takip edilmiştir. Reaktif ve Proaktif koyunlarda korku testi sonrası serum kortizol düzeyleri sırasıyla 1.57 ng/ml ve 0.86 ng/ml olarak belirlenmiştir (p<0.001). Korku testlerinde, doğum sonrası ana ve kuzu davranışları ile serum kortizol düzeyleri arasında orta-yüksek düzeyli bazı önemli korelasyonlar belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Doğum sonrası erken dönemde proaktif koyunların reaktif koyunlara göre daha fazla yüksek frekanslı ses çıkarttıkları ve kuzularını yalnız bıraktıkları belirlenmiştir (p<0.01). Ana-yavru ayırma testlerinden takip puanı bakımından reaktif koyunlar daha yüksek puana sahip olmuş (p<0.05); emme sayısı ve süreleri toplamı reaktif koyunların kuzularında daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Büyüme ve gelişme bakımından da reaktif koyunların kuzuları daha iyi performansa sahip olmuşlardır (p<0.001). Çalışma sonucunda, mizacın seleksiyon programlarında analık kabiliyetinin geliştirilmesinde kullanılabilme potansiyeline sahip bir özellik olduğu kanısına varılmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: Ana-yavru bağı, Kamera, Kortizol, Korku testleri, Neonatal davranışlar.
The Effects of Coping Style on Some Physiological and Behavioral Characteristics as Well as Fattening Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality in Lambs Weaned at Different Ages
(2019) Çakmakçı, Cihan; Karaca, Serhat; Levrino, Gustavo Adolfo María
Farklı yaşlarda sütten kesilen kuzularla yürütülen bu çalışmada; kuzuların sütten kesimden kaynaklanan stres ile başa çıkma stratejilerinin davranışsal ve fizyolojik stres tepki parametreleri yanında besi performansı, karkas ve et kalite özelliklerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın hayvan materyalini, açık alan testine tabi tutularak başa çıkma stratejileri bakımından Proaktif (Pro, n=20) ve Reaktif (Rea, n=20) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılan 40 baş erkek Karakaş kuzusu oluşturmuştur. Sütten kesim sonrası ölçülen kan parametrelerine baş etme biçiminin önemli etkisinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir (P>0.05). Sütten kesim yaşının sadece CK, LDH ve TP üzerine etkileri önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.0001). Kuzuların çeşitli dönem canlı ağırlıkları (CA) ve günlük canlı ağırlık artışları (GCAA) üzerine baş etme biçimi ve sütten kesim yaşı etkilerinin önemli olduğu tespit edilmiştir (P<0.01). Pro grubu kuzuların kesim ağırlığı ve sıcak karkas ağırlığı Rea grubu kuzulardan düşük olmuştur (P≤0.05). Panelistler (n=43), genel beğeni ve lezzet özellikleri bakımından Pro grubundan elde edilen etlere daha yüksek puan vermişlerdir (P≤0.05). Bu çalışmayla hem açık alan testindeki davranışları bakımından kuzuların farklı baş etme biçimlerini bireysel olarak tespit etmenin mümkün olduğunu hem de baş etme biçiminin kuzuların besi performansını etkilediği ortaya konmuştur. Damızlığa ayrılacak kuzuların belirlenmesinde, baş etme biçimlerine bağlı davranışsal özellikleri de dikkate almanın, karkas ve et kalite özellikleri geriletilmeden, besi sonu canlı ağırlığı, günlük canlı ağırlık artışı ve karkas ağırlığının yükseltilmesine katkı sağlayacağı söylenebilir.
Effects of Dietary Supplementation With Rosemary Oil on Methanogenic Bacteria Density, Blood and Rumen Parameters and Meat Quality of Fattening Lambs
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Guney, Mehtap; Karaca, Serhat; Erdogan, Sibel; Kor, Askin; Kale, Cagri; Onalan, Sukru; Bingol, Nuriye Tugba
This study aimed to determine the effect of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) essential oil (REO) in lamb fattening diets on blood, rumen parameters, fattening performance and meat quality. Thirty Norduz male lambs weaned at 4 months of age with average body weight 22.0 +/- 4.41 kg were used. Lambs were divided into three groups: no rosemary oil (control, R0), with 250 mg/kg DM (R250) and with 500 mg/kg DM (R500) rosemary oil added to the basal ration, and fed for 70 d. The daily feed intake of the R500 lambs (1.63 kg) was lower than other groups (1.70 kg) (p = .01). Rosemary oil did not change the density of methane-producing bacteria in the rumen fluid. Rumen pH was 6.31 in R250 lambs, while it was 6.16 in control (p < .04). The proportion of propionic acid (PA) increased in R250 (26.5 molar%) and R500 (26.0 molar%) lambs compared to control lambs (22.7 molar%) (p < .001). Serum glucose levels increased with REO dose (p < .01) and serum IGF-1 levels were significantly higher in R250 lambs (p < .001). The dose rates of REO used in fattening lambs had limited effect on fattening performance, carcase and meat quality. The results showed that although it does not affect the final live weight, the negative effect of REO on feed intake at 500 mg/kg was considered as a limiting factor and 250 mg/kg dose of REO may have positive effects on ruminal fermentation. Hence, it may be beneficial to try doses lower than 500 mg in further studies.
Effects of Pre-Slaughter Ascorbic Acid Administration on Some Physiological Stress Response and Meat Quality Traits of Lambs and Kids Subjected To Road Transport
(Csiro Publishing, 2019) Saribey, Muammer; Karaca, Serhat
The present study determined the effects of pre-slaughter ascorbic acid administration on some physiological indicators and meat quality traits of road transport-stressed lambs and kids. Eighteen lambs and 18 kids were divided into the following three groups: no transportation (T0), 3-h transportation (T3), and ascorbid acid administered at 125 mg/kg before 3-h transportation (T3+C). The liveweight loss and rectal temperature were similar, while there were significant differences among groups for some biochemical parameters in both lambs and kids. Glucose concentrations significantly increased after transportation in lambs (P = 0.005) and kids (P < 0.001). Ascorbic acid had significant effects on serum glucose of lambs. T3 lambs had higher glucose concentrations than did T0 lambs (P < 0.001), while T0 and T3+C lambs were found to have similar concentrations. Oxidative status in lambs and kids, as determined by serum malondialdehyde concentration, did not differ among groups. However, some meat quality traits were negatively influenced by transportation. T3 lambs had a significantly lower muscle glycogen concentration than did T0 and T3+C lambs (P = 0.018), while ultimate pH was similar among groups. Muscle glycogen concentration was significantly lower (P = 0.008) and ultimate pH was higher in T3 and T3+C kids (P = 0.028). T3 and T3+C groups had darker meat (L*) than did T0 groups both in lambs and kids, whereas a*, cooking loss and water-holding capacity were similar among groups. The effect of ascorbic acid on meat toughness was significant and shear force value in T0 lambs was lower than that in T3 lambs (P = 0.009), while T0 and T3+C lambs were found to have similar shear force values. Overall, the administration of ascorbic acid to lambs before transportation could partly reduce the adverse effects of road transportation stress, whereas its effects on kids were found to be insignificant.
Effects of Pre-Slaughter Diet/Management System and Fasting Period on Physiological Indicators and Meat Quality Traits of Lambs
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2016) Karaca, Serhat; Erdogan, Sibel; Kor, Dilek; Kor, Askin
This study determined the effects of pre-slaughter diet/management system on blood and rumen parameters and meat-quality traits of Norduz lambs. Eighty lambs were divided into two groups according to diet (AH: alfalfa hay; BAH: alfalfa supplemented with 500 g/head barley) for 21 days. Following this period, lambs from each group were distributed among four groups according to pre-slaughter fasting period as 0,12, 24 or 48 h. Cortisol concentrations were found to be significantly higher in the 24 h and 48 h groups when compared to the 0 h group (p < 0.01). Diet and fasting period had limited effect on muscle glycogen content and ultimate pH.L*, WHC and moisture decreased in line with increases in the fasting period (p < 0.01). In conclusion, carcass conformation and some meat quality traits were better in BAH lambs. Fasting had a negative effect on some meat quality parameters, with significant increases in some physiological stress indicators after fasting periods of 24 h or longer. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Effects of the Maternal Behavior Score (Mbs) on Weaning Weight and Litter Survival in Sheep
(Academic Journals, 2011) Yilmaz, Ayhan; Karaca, Serhat; Bingol, Mehmet; Kor, Askin; Kaki, Baris
This study intends to describe the differences concerning maternal behavior score between the different genotypes and groups of the age of dam in less selected Norduz, Karakas, and Ile-de-FrancexAkkaraman (G1)xKarakas crosses, and also aims to determine the effects of Maternal Behavior Score (MBS) on weaning weight and survival of lambs in genotypes studied. Experimental subjects were 92 heads of the 2, 3 and 4 years-old of the Norduz, karakas and Ile-de-FrancexAkkaraman (G1)xKarakas crosses. The MBS was scored on a 5-point scale based on the distance a ewe retreats from her lambs when the shepherd is tagging them. Within 24 h of birth, maternal behavior score was evaluated, and survival of the lambs was calculated from birth to weaning and at the same time measured the weaning weight in lambs. We detected that in the ewes lambing the first time MBS were lower than those that they were lambed before (P < 0.01). Similarly, there were the significant differences between genotypes; less selected Norduz sheep had higher maternal behavior score than Karakas and Ile-de-FrancexAkkaraman (G1)xKarakas crosses (P < 0.01). The effects of the maternal behavior on weaning weight and survival of the lambs were not found, statistically. It is concluded that with intense improvement programs in genotypes, a reduction regarding maternal behavior score is observed. In other words, the intense improvement programs in extensive animal breeding reduce the maternal ability in sheep.