Browsing by Author "Kariman, Khalil"

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Characterization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities Associated With Vineyards in Northwestern Iran
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Rezaee Danesh, Younes; Kariman, Khalil; Keskin, Nurhan; Najafi, Solmaz
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish beneficial symbiotic associations with plants, enhancing their nutrient uptake, growth, and stress tolerance. The present study was aimed to investigate AMF spore density, species composition, mycorrhizal colonization patterns, and correlation of these indices with soil physicochemical parameters at four vineyards located in one of the most important grape-producing regions of Iran (West Azerbaijan province). Forty-three soil samples were collected from four grape-producing regions during July-August 2019. The total spore abundance ranged from 39-647 spores per 100 g dry soil. Twelve AMF species, representing six genera (Rhizophagus, Funneliformis, Glomus, Septoglomus, Claroideoglomus, and Scutellospora) were identified. Rhizophagus fasciculatus was the most frequently found species, with a frequency of 75%. Two of the identified species, G. glomerulatum and Scutellospora calospora are new for the mycoflora of Iran. Significant negative correlations were detected between AMF attributes [spore density, AMF colonization frequency (F%) as well as AMF colonization intensity (M%)] and soil phosphorus content. The results provide insights into the AMF communities and dynamics in vineyards as influenced by soil parameters, improving our understanding of soil biological fertility in grape production systems.
Genetic Diversity of Trichoderma Harzianum Isolates in Sunflower Rhizosphere: the Application of the Urp Molecular Marker
(Mdpi, 2022) Danesh, Younes Rezaee; Pellegrini, Marika; Kariman, Khalil; Boyno, Gokhan; Djebaili, Rihab; Farda, Beatrice; Najafi, Solmaz
The genetic diversity of 77 Trichoderma harzianum isolates collected from sunflower rhizosphere soils in Urmia, Khoy, and Salmas in West Azerbaijan province, Iran, was evaluated by using the Universal Rice Primer (URP) molecular marker. The DNA band pattern of the isolates was developed using seven primers of this marker. These primers produced 186 gene loci, out of which 182 loci were polymorphic. Accordingly, the genetic diversity of the isolates was calculated, and their kinship relations were determined by cluster analysis using the NTSYS software package. URP-6R had the highest marker index among the studied primers, followed by URP-1F, URP-4R, and URP-25F, implying their higher efficiency in discriminating between the isolates. The results showed that the URP marker could discriminate between isolates using macroscopic morphological characteristics, such as color and colony type, potential of pigment production in the culture medium, and colony growth rate. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between the geographical distribution of the isolates and the band patterns generated by the primers except for a few cases. The results generally revealed that the URP marker was an efficient tool for determining the genetic diversity of T. harzianum.