Browsing by Author "Keskin, B"

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The Effects of Sewage Sludge and Nitrogen Applications on Grain Sorghum Grown (Sorghum Vulgare L.) in Van-Turkey
(Hard, 2006) Akdeniz, H; Yilmaz, I; Bozkurt, MA; Keskin, B
The research was conducted in Van, located in the eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. The purpose of this research was to assess environmental hazards to crops and soils from sludge-borne heavy metal; and the potential of using sludge as an alternative to commercial fertilizer, yield, N content and uptake of grain sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L. A-298). Sorghum plants were grown on sandy clay soils under irrigated conditions. Three levels of biosolids were topically applied at rates of 7, 14 and 21 Mg ha(-1); and two level of nitrogen were also applied at rates of 40 and 80 kg ha(-1). The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications. Biosolids increased yields of dry matter and grain, plant length, N content of leaves, total N uptake and harvest index (HI). Grain yield was significantly correlated with plant length, N content of leaf and whole-plant, and total nitrogen uptake. Nitrogen harvest index (NHI) did not show significant correlation with any considered parameter other than harvest index. In contrast, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) had a negative relationship with dry matter (DM) yield, N content of whole-plant, N content of grain and total N uptake. Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) extractable Cd, Pb and especially soil Zn concentrations increased with sewage sludge rates. In general, none of the heavy metals studied in both leaves and seed of crop reached either phytotoxic or toxic levels for humans or livestock [1]. The results showed that sewage sludge could be used as N fertilizer in grain sorghum production.
Effects of Urea or Urea Plus Molasses Supplementation To Silages With Different Sorghum Varieties Harvested at the Milk Stage on the Quality and in Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility of Silages
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2005) Keskin, B; Yilmaz, LH; Karsli, MA; Nursoy, H
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 0.5% urea and 0.5% urea plus 4% molasses (on weight basis) addition to sorghum silages ensiled using 4 sorghum varieties (Grass II, Grazer, Gozde, and P-988) harvested at the milk stage. Plant materials were ensiled in 1-kg jars and the chemical composition, pH, organic acids, in vitro digestibility (IVDMD) and digestible dry matter yield (DDMY) of the silages were determined. Addition of urea and urea plus molasses to silages increased the crude protein ratio significantly (P < 0.01). However, the addition of urea plus molasses significantly decreased the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents of the silages. Additives significantly increased the pH values of the silages. The addition of urea and urea plus molasses to silages generally did not affect acetic or propionic acid content; however, the butyric acid content of the urea and urea plus molasses groups was higher than that of the control groups. IVDMD of all sorghum varieties decreased with the addition of urea and urea plus molasses. Additives did not affect DDMY. In conclusion, the addition of 0.5% urea and 0.5% urea plus 4% molasses to sorghum silages, harvested at the milk stage, improved the CP content of the silages, but they had no positive effect on silage quality, IVDMD or DDMY.