Browsing by Author "Kipcak, Selma"

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The Effects of Organic Amendments on Cadmium Uptake of Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea L.) and Plant Growth Under Cadmium Toxicity
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2018) Boysan-Canal, Sibel; Bozkurt, Mehmet Ali; Kipcak, Selma
It has been well-documented that organic amendments reduce heavy metal uptake by plants thereby diminishing their movement in soil. The aim of the present pot experiment is to investigate the potential effects of organic amendments sewage sludge (SS), sheep manure (SM), cattle manure (CM), peat, and humic acid (HA)) on plant growth, cadmium uptake and antioxidative enzyme activity in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). The pot experiment was 100 mg kg(-1) cadmium applied to soils with the sequence of: 0%, 10% and 20% levels of SS, SM, CM, Peat and HA with two different levels of 500 and 1000 mg kg(-1) applied. Organic amendment applications, including 10% and 20% Cd + SS and 20% Cd +CM and 20% Cd+ SM significantly decreased cadmium uptake, respectively, 80.19%, 77.70%, 78.76%, and 73.12% compared to cadmium application alone. Cadmium application alone caused higher activity in ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity and malondial-dehyde (MDA) content than control. Organic amendments resulted in decreased APX activity and MDA content. All organic amendment applications significantly decreased cadmium uptake in spinach. However, SS was more effective than others applications, due to the low amount of heavy metal in SS. Additionally, another account for its effectiveness may be that the other organic matter level of the SS is higher than the other organic amendments.
Use of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Against Salt Stress for Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) Seedling Growth
(Univ Life Sciences Lublin, 2020) Yilmaz, Yagmur; Erdinc, Ceknas; Akkopru, Ahmet; Kipcak, Selma
Salt stress affects many aspects of plant metabolism and as a result, growth and yield are reduced. The aim in this study was to determine the effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on tomato plants under salt stress. With this aim, the 'Interland F-1' cv. and bacterial isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis CA41/1, Pseudomonas putida 18/1K, Pseudomonas putida S5/4ep, and Pseudomonas putida 30 were used. Salt application was completed in two different doses of 25 and 50 mM NaCl when seedlings reached the stage of 3 true leaves. At the end of the study, in addition to seedling development criteria, some nutrient element contents and rates (K, Ca, Na, K/Na and Ca/Na), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzyme activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) and photosynthetic pigment contents were determined. In the stress environment, PGPR inoculation increased K content by up to 10%, while apart from isolate P. putida no.30, the other isolates lowered Na content by up to 18%. Additionally, 18/1K and S5/4ep isolates were identified to reduce membrane injury index by up to 97%. It was identified that CA41/1, 18/1K and S5/4ep isolates were more effective against salt stress, especially. In general, the plant tolerance levels induced by the bacteria were identified to increase with the increase in salt stress.