Browsing by Author "Konus, Metin"

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Analysing Resistance of Different Tuta Absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Strains To Abamectin Insecticide
(Walter de Gruyter Gmbh, 2014) Konus, Metin
Objective: Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), tomato leafminer, is an oligophagous insect. Larvae of T. absoluta can destroy especially tomato plants which lead to important yield loss in this economically valuable crop. Chemical control through insecticides has been a main method of controlling it in farming areas all over the world. However, continues application of certain registered insecticide such as abamectin might lead to resistance development in T. absoluta. The aim of this study was to monitor resistance status of abamectin insecticide and analyse resistance mechanisms of this insecticide in T. absoluta field populations from three districts of Turkey by using bioassay and biochemical methods. Methods: Bioassays and Biochemical assays. Results: Bioassay results showed that while Adana and Antalya strain of T. absoluta showed low resistance (3.03- and 2.3-fold) to abamectin insecticide, Ankara strain of T. absoluta was not resistant to abamectin (1.31-fold). Biochemical analysis displayed that CYP450-PNOD activities showed 2.55 and 1.95-fold increase compared to susceptible population in Adana and Antalya field populations, respectively. Furthermore, GST-CDNB activities showed statistically significant (p<0.05) 1.3-fold increase only in Adana population. Although EST-alpha-NA activities showed 3.41-fold increase only in Ankara field population, this field population did not display a significant resistancy to abamectin. Conclusion: Consequently, cytochrome P450 monooxygenase enzymes seemed to have a major role in abamectin resistance development in field populations of T. absoluta from Turkey. In addition, GSTs possibly have supportive role such as reducing oxidative stress that developed during metabolism of abamectin in resistant field populations of T. absoluta.
Analysis of Molecular Resistance Mechanisms in Helicoverpa Armigera (Hubner) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) Populations Under Pyrethroid Stress in Turkey
(Gazi Entomological Research Soc, 2014) Konus, Metin; Karaagac, Sakine Ugurlu; Iscan, Mesude
Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major pest of economically important crops such as cotton, tomato and soybean. In order to control this pest, pyrethroid insecticides have been extensively used in farming areas all over the world. However, applications of excessive amounts of these insecticides can result in resistance development in the field populations of H. armigera. Resistance to the pyrethroids, beta-cypermethrin and lambda cyhalothrin, was analysed using bioassays. It was found that a canakkale field population of H. armigera field showed low (2.1-fold) and moderate (14.5-fold) resistance levels for beta-cypermethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin, respectively. Furthermore, expressions of selected CYP450, GST and esterase genes of H. armigera canakkale field populations were compared to those of a susceptible strain using real-time PCR. Our results indicate that H. armigera reacts to pyrethroids mainly by increasing expression levels of CYP450s such as CYP9Al2 and CYP9A14. However, GST and esterase genes expression levels were not significantly altered in a field population. GSTs and esterases were also analyzed using biochemical assays. While GSTs and esterase genes were not found to be up-regulated in the real-time PCR, except GST-DCNB activity, the biochemical assays also showed no significant increases in enzyme activities in the canakkale field population as compared to the susceptible strain. Consequently, CYP9Al2 and CYP9A14 together with certain GSTs, catalyzing DCNB substrate, are proposed to be involved in the metabolic responses against beta-cypermethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin insecticides in field population of H. armigera from Turkey.
Cytotoxicity, Apoptotic, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Dictyota Dichotoma (Hudson) Jv Lamouroux 1809 Collected From Antalya Coast, Turkiye
(Pleiades Publishing inc, 2025) Arslan, Sevki; Abdelsalam, Amine Hafis; Kizildogan, Aslihan Kurt; Otur, Cigdem; Konus, Metin; Cetin, Dogan; Okudan, Emine Sukran
Current study was purposed to reveal the cytotoxic, apoptotic, antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of oil extracted from Dictyota dichotoma (Hudson) J.V. Lamouroux 1809 collected from Antalya coast of Turkiye. Dictyota dichotoma oil showed better cytotoxic activity towards two different adenocarcinoma cell lines (Caco-2 (8.83 mu g/mL) and LnCap (10.86 mu g/mL)) compared to HEK293 cells (non-cancerous). Annexin V/PI staining and qPCR studies revealed that oil caused induction of apoptosis. Dictyota dichotoma oil inhibited the growth of Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. Nevertheless, the lower antioxidant activity of Dictyota dichotoma oil was determined compared with trolox standard for both DPPH and ABTS assays (4.8 fold less). In conclusion, Dictyota dichotoma oil has a promising potential in medical usage.
Design, Synthesis, and in Vitro Evaluation of Thieno[A]dibenzothiophene Derivatives
(Wiley-v C H verlag Gmbh, 2020) Konus, Metin; Algso, Muheb A. S.; Kavak, Emrah; Kurt-Kizildogan, Aslihan; Yilmaz, Can; Kivrak, Arif
A variety of highly substituted thieno[2,3-a]dibenzothiophenes and thieno[3,2-a]dibenzothiophenes are readily prepared via cascade electrophilic cyclization reaction. The reaction was tolerated a variety of compounds. In the present study, antimicrobial and antifungal activities were investigated for all synthesized molecules against A. niger ATCC 16404, C. albicans ATCC 10231, S. aureus ATCC 25923 and B. subtilis ATCC 6633, respectively.
Determination of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Properties of Newly Synthesized 2-Methoxyphenyl Thiophene Derivatives
(Wiley-v C H verlag Gmbh, 2024) Cetin, Dogan; Konus, Metin; Yilmaz, Can; Arslan, Sevki; Abdelsalam, Aminehafis; Hutanu, Elena Daniela; Kivrak, Arif
In this study, antioxidants, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties of four newly synthesized thiophene derivatives were investigated. In addition, basic ADME properties were calculated in silico. According to the study's findings, tested compounds antioxidant activity was weaker than the standards in both the FRAP and ABTS assays. The MTT analysis revealed that the chemicals 3 and 4 were cytotoxic to every cancer cell line that was tested. 3 and 4 increased the rate of apoptosis in the tested cancer cells at levels close to that in the positive control group. The gene expression levels of apoptotic markers (BAX, Bcl-2, Casp-3, -8, and -9) detected at all cell lines after incubation with 3 and 4 were changed as expected for apoptotic agents, except Bcl-2 of HT-29. It was concluded that the addition of bromine to C2 of thiophene cycle of 3, resulted 4 with greater apoptotic potential probably because of a change in molecular conformation and ligand exchange kinetics. Compound 3 was found to have antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, while 4 was found to have antibacterial activity on gram-positive bacteria. In silico ADME/T analysis revealed that 3 and 4 were able to pass through the gastrointestinal tract lumen and blood-brain barrier.
Determination of Organophosphate Resistance Status and Mechanism in Sitophilus Zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) From Turkey
(Walter de Gruyter Gmbh, 2015) Karaagac, Sakine Ugurlu; Konus, Metin
Objective: The objectives of this study were to determine resistance status to malathion and pirimiphos-methyl insecticides and to make biochemical analysis of resistance mechanism(s) developed to these insecticides in Sitophilus zeamais (S. zeamais) populations, collected from two different locations in Turkey. Two organophosphate insecticides, malathion and pirimiphos-methyl, were examined by bioassay using a discriminating dosage technique with impregnated filter papers. Mortality percentages were determined at the discriminating doses of these insecticides. In addition, esterase, glutathione S-transferase, and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activities were also determined in this study in order to analyze detoxification mechanism(s) of tested insecticides in S. zeamais. Methods: Bioassay experiments of malathion and pirimiphos-methyl insecticides in S. zeamais populations were performed according to the IRAC susceptibility test method No:006. Furthermore, enzyme activities of esterases, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, and glutathione S-transferases were determined by using biochemical assays. Results: The bioassay results of malathion and pirimiphos-methyl showed that only Kirikkale population of S. zeamais has resistance to both malathion and pirimiphos-methyl insecticides. However, no resistance was detected to malathion and pirimiphos-methyl insecticides in Samsun population of S. zeamais. Additionally, biochemical analysis displayed that while CYP450-PNOD activities showed an increase only in Kirikkale population (3.0-fold), EST-PNPA activities showed an increase only in Samsun population (1.3-fold). Finally, GST-CDNB activities increased both in Kirikkale (1.4-fold) and Samsun (2.2-fold) populations of S. zeamais compared to susceptible population. Conclusion: Consequently, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferases seem to play a role in organophosphate resistance in Kirikkale population of S. zeamais from Turkey.
Determination of Possible Detoxification Mechanisms of Insecticide Resistance in Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst) Populations From Turkey
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2016) Karaagac, Sakine Ugurlu; Konus, Metin
Red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), is one of important grain storage pests in the world. The pest contributes to maximum spoilage of the stored grains at larval and adult stages. Infestation by these beetles results in an unappealing smell due to the secretion of benzoquinones from abdominal glands. In order to protect the stored product from this pest loss, insecticides are commonly used all over the world including Turkey. As a consequence of repeated chemical treatments, many cases of insecticide resistance have been detected in the genus Tribolium around the world. In order to estimate resistance status of T. castaneum to organophosphate insecticides, impregnated filter paper bioassay method was used. It is important to know resistance status of insecticides for resistance management. Hence, resistance status of T. castaneum to malathion, pirimiphos-methyl, and chlorpyriphos methyl insecticides was determined. In addition, detoxification mechanism was analysed by determining glutathione S-transferase and esterase activities with biochemical assays. The objective of this study was to examine the susceptibility in two populations of T. castaneum from Turkey to different contact insecticides and to analyse possible role(s) of glutathione S-transferases and esterases in detoxification mechanism in tested populations
Determination of Susceptibility Levels of Helicoverpa Armigera (Hubner) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) Strains Collected From Different Regions To Some Insecticides in Turkey
(Gazi Entomological Research Soc, 2013) Ugurlu Karaagac, Sakine; Konus, Metin; Buyuk, Musa
Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, is the main insect pest of cotton plant in Turkey and most part of the world. The aims of this study was to determine susceptibility levels of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) strains collected from cotton fields in Adana and Mardin provinces to registered seven insecticides in Turkey. Third instar larvae of H. armigera were used to determine the LD50 values by using topical application method with active substances of commonly used insecticides for controlling H. armigera in cotton fields. The active substances were azinphos-methyl, bifenthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, esfenvalerate, indoxacarb, lambda-cyhalothrin and methomyl. Insects were treated on the region of the body between the head and the abdomen, thorax, with 1 mu l aliquots of insecticides in acetone for all treatments and acetone alone for control. Results showed that Adana and Mardin strains had high resistance ratios to pyrethroid insecticides such as beta-cyfluthrin, bifenthrin and esfenvalerate, whereas they did not have significant resistance for indoxacarb and methomyl. These results can be used in the resistance management programs for the control of H. armigera in the region.
The Effects of Different Charleston Pepper Cultivars on the Demographic Parameters and the Antioxidant Levels of Myzus Persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
(Entomological Soc Turkey, Ege Univ, 2023) Ozgokce, Mehmet Salih; Kusoglu, Duygu; Konus, Metin; Kara, Hilmi; Risvanli, Mehmet Ramazan; Cetin, Dogan
Host plant diversity causes differences in the biology and adaptation of insects. In this study, variations in some biological properties and adaptive antioxidative response of Myzus persicae (Sulzer,1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on five Charleston pepper, Capsicum annuum L. (Solanaceae) cultivars were investigated under laboratory conditions (25 & PLUSMN;1 & DEG;C, 60 & PLUSMN;5% RH). The lowest intrinsic rate of increase (r = 0.193 d-1) of M. persicae was estimated in the tested cohort fed with the Kanyon cultivar, while the highest intrinsic rate of increase (r = 0.248 d-1) was found on the Tufan cultivar. The cohort fed with Safkan cultivar exhibited the highest levels of GST-CDNB and EST-PNPA at 562.80 and 207.64 nmol/mg protein, respectively, whereas the cohort fed with Kanyon cultivar showed the lowest levels at 317.04 and 132.14 nmol/mg protein, respectively. Analysis of life table parameters and enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidant levels of M. persicae showed that among the cultivars we tested, the Tufan cultivar was the most preferred host by M. persicae, while Kanyon cultivar was a less suitable host.
Effects of Oxidative Stress on Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes in Tuta Absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
(Walter de Gruyter Gmbh, 2015) Konus, Metin
Objective: Tuta absoluta is one of the most important insects that destroy tomato plants. The larvae of T. absoluta infest tomato plants leading to significant reduction in tomato crop yield. It has been reported that several insecticides exert their effects by inducing oxidative stress with stimulation of reactive oxygen species formation. The aims of this study were to determine oxidative status of two different field populations and to analyse detoxification mechanisms in T. absoluta field populations under the oxidative stress conditions by using biochemical methods. Methods: Total thiol levels and enzymatic activities of esterases, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferases were determined. Results: The thiol content was decreased in Adana (19% less) and Antalya (25% less) field populations compared to a susceptible population. While CYP450s did not show any significant activity increase, acetylcholinesterases did not show any significant activity decrease in both the field populations. However, a significant increase of 2.3-fold in EST-PNPA activity in Adana population was determined. Furthermore, GST-DCNB activity showed 2.7-fold and 1.8-fold increase compared to susceptible population in Adana and Antalya field populations, respectively. Conclusion: Consequently, GSTs seem to have an important role in overcoming oxidative stress in tested field populations. As acetylcholinesterases and CYP450s did not show significant changes, it was concluded that they are possibly not involved in causing oxidative stress in field populations of T. absoluta. In addition, a significant increase of 2.3-fold in EST-PNPA activity in Adana population indicating that ESTs could play a role in causing oxidative stress in Adana field population.
The Effects of Water Quality and Brewing Type on Total Antioxidant Capacity in Herbal Teas
(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2021) Yilmaz, Can; Konus, Metin; Fidan, Ceylan; Ergin, Derya; Cetin, Dogan; Dilek, Zeynep; Elasan, Esma
The antioxidant capacity of the polyphenols is the basis of the potential health benefits of herbal tea consumption. In this study. the effects of infusion time. presence of tea packs and water quality on the extraction yield of polyphenolic compounds providing antioxidant activity of melissa, rosehip, fennel, camomile and white tea, which are commonly consumed in Turkey. were investigated. Antioxidant activities were determined by using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The results of the study showed that the antioxidant activity of herbal teas brewed with distilled water was higher than that in tap water, and that antioxidant activity increased for these teas due to the increased infusion time. When tap water was used, it was determined that a higher antioxidant activity was obtained as a result of brewing for 3 minutes for rosehip and melissa tea and 10 minutes for white tea. The results also showed that packaged brewing for rosehip and fennel tea; and, unpackaged brewing for chamomile, melissa, and white tea resulted in higher antioxidant activity.
Identification of 3-Bromo as a Potent Anticancer Agent With Promising Inhibitory Effects on Gst Isozymes
(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2021) Yilmaz, Can; Arslan, Sevki; Mutlu, Dogukan; Konus, Metin; Kayhan, Abdussamet; Kurt-Kizildogan, Aslihan; Kivrak, Arif
Background: Indole-based heterocyclic compounds play important roles in pharmaceutical chemistry due to their unexpected biological and pharmacological properties. Objective: Herein, we describe novel biological properties (antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-cancer) of 3-bromo-1-ethyl-1H-indole (BEI) structure. Method: BEI was synthesized from 1-Methyl-2-phenylindole and N-bromosuccinimide and was characterized by using 1H and 13C NMR. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. Apoptosis analysis of BEI was determined by Arthur (TM) image-based Cytometer. Different methods were applied to assess the antioxidant activity of BEI. Molecular docking studies were conducted to determine the interactions of bonding between GST isozymes and BEI. Results: According to the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity assays, BEI compound showed reduced total antioxidant activity compared to the Trolox standard, whereas it showed moderate antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger and Phytophora eryhtrospora. Notably, the BEI compound demonstrated substantial selective cytotoxicity for the first time towards cancer cell lines, and there existed a significant decrease in the percentage of live cells treated with BEI, in comparison to the control ones. Interestingly, BEI exhibited a promising glutathione S-transferase isozymes inhibition. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that BEI seems to be a promising molecule to be used in the design of new anti-cancer agents that provide superiority to present commercial anti-cancer drugs.
Impact of Beneficial Microorganisms Inoculated Cotton Plants on Spodoptera Exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
(Entomological Soc Brasil, 2024) Kizilkan, Nurhan Didem; Konus, Metin; Risvanli, Mehmet Ramazan; Yilmaz, Can; Kara, Hilmi; Ozgokce, Mehmet Salih; Atlihan, Remzi
This study discusses plant-mediated effects of beneficial soil-borne microorganisms on population growth parameters of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a major cotton pest. In particular, we investigated the impact of these microorganisms on oxidative stress, chlorophyll content, and sugar and protein levels in cotton plants, and how these changes in the plant affect the survival, development, reproduction, and ultimately population growth of the pest. A longer preadult period, lower preadult survival rate, and lower reproduction were obtained for the pest cohort feeding on treated plants, which resulted in lower population parameters, i.e., intrinsic growth rate, finite growth rate, and net reproduction rate. The population projection results showed the same trend as the population parameters. These results can be attributed to the changes caused by microorganisms in the treated plants. There was no oxidative stress in the treated plants. Instead, the chlorophyll content in these plants increased, and the protein-carbohydrate ratio decreased. Additionally, we assessed the effects of plant-insect-microorganisms interaction on total glutathione levels, glutathione S-transferase, and esterase enzyme activities in S. exigua. Overall results indicate that beneficial microorganisms tested enhance the plant's ability to defend against the pest. Additionally, the findings from this study provide valuable insights into the complex interplay among plants, microorganisms, and pests, offering potential strategies for incorporating these interactions into pest management practices.
Malathion Resistance Mediated by Detoxification Enzymes in Sitophilus Zeamais (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2015) Konus, Metin
Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is one of the economically important insect pests that infest stored products. In order to control this pest, chemical insecticides, such as malathion, have been widely used as grain protectants in many countries including Turkey. However, continuous application of insecticides at high doses has resulted in the development of resistance in this pest. Hence, this study aims to determine the toxicity of malathion insecticide at discriminating dose on S. zeamais populations and to analyse the role of detoxification enzyme systems in the development of resistance in S. zeamais populations in Turkey. Bioassay results showed that while S. zeamais Ankara population showed resistance to malathion insecticide, S. zeamais Samsun population did not show resistance to the insecticide. In addition, biochemical analysis indicated that CYP450-PNOD activities showed 2.0-fold increase in malathion resistant Ankara population. Although, EST-PNPA (1.3-fold) and GST-DCNB (1.5-fold) activities significantly increased in S. zeamais Samsun population, they did not show any significant changes in malathion resistant S. zeamais Ankara population. Consequently, it seems probable that cytochrome P450 monooxygenases play an active role in malathion resistance in Ankara population of S. zeamais.
Molecular Adaptations of Helicoverpa Armigera Midgut Tissue Under Pyrethroid Insecticide Stress Characterized by Differential Proteome Analysis and Enzyme Activity Assays
(Elsevier Science inc, 2013) Konus, Metin; Koy, Cornelia; Mikkat, Stefan; Kreutzer, Michael; Zimmermann, Ralf; Iscan, Mesude; Glocker, Michael O.
Helicoverpa armigera is an insect that causes important economic losses in crops. To reduce this loss, pyrethroids have been commonly used against H. armigera in farming areas. However, excess and continuous usage of pyrethroids cause resistance in H. armigera. Therefore, expressions of midgut proteins of two H. armigera field populations were compared to those of a susceptible strain by 2-D PAGE and MALDI-ToF-MS. Our results indicate that H. armigera reacts to pyrethroid-induced stress mainly by increasing the expression of energy metabolism-related proteins, such as ATP synthase and arginine kinase. NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase, also up-regulated, could play a role in detoxification of toxic pyrethroid metabolites, such as 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde. Interestingly, while GSTs were not found up-regulated in the comparative proteome analysis, biochemical assays showed significant increases of enzyme activities in both field populations as compared to the susceptible strain. Similarly, although esterases were not found differentially expressed, biochemical assays showed significant increases of esterase activities in both field populations. Thus, esterases are also proposed to be involved in metabolic responses towards pyrethroid insecticide-induced stress. In conclusion, we suggest increased energy metabolism in the midgut tissue of H. armigera as a general prerequisite for compensating the costs of energy-consuming detoxification processes. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Real-Time Pcr Analysis of Pyrethroid Resistance in Helicoverpa Armigera From Turkey
(Turkish Biochem Soc, 2014) Konus, Metin; Karaagac, Sakine Ugurlu; Iscan, Mesude
Aim: Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a polyphagous pest of a wide range of crops such as cotton, tomato and soybean. Pyrethroid insecticides have commonly used against it in agricultural areas, but excess amount applications of them result in resistance development in the field populations of H. armigera. Resistance development usually occurs with increased metabolism of certain enzymatic systems such as CYP450, GST and esterases. Therefore, expressions of selected CYP450, GST and esterase genes of H. armigera field populations (Adana and Mardin) were compared to those of a susceptible strain by real-time PCR method for analyzing role of these systems in pyrethroid resistance development of H. armigera. Material and Methods: Real-Time PCR Method Results: It was found that H. armigera reacts to pyrethroids mainly by increasing expressions of CYP9A14 gene together with CYP4S1 and CYP9A12 genes. However, analyzed GST and esterase genes expression were not significantly changed in field populations. Conclusion: Consequently, while CYP450 enzyme system is actively involved in pyrethroid resistance, GSTs and esterases enzyme systems don't seem to be actively involved in resistance development against pyrethroid insecticides in H. armigera field populations from Turkey.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of New Indole Based Derivatives as Potent Anticancer, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents
(Elsevier, 2022) Konus, Metin; Cetin, Dogan; Kizilkan, Nurhan Didem; Yilmaz, Can; Fidan, Ceylan; Algso, Muheb; Arslan, Sevki
Indoles have very critical roles to design new biologically active molecules in medicinal chemistry. They display higher biological activities or create new biological properties when compared to the other heteroaromatic compounds. In the present study, 1-ethyl-2-phenyl-3-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-indole (3), 8-ethyl-8H-benzo[a]thieno[3,2-c]carbazole (4), 1-ethyl-2-phenyl-3-(5-(phenylethynyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-indole (6) and 1-ethyl-3-(furan-2-yl)-2-phenyl-1H-indole (7) are prepared via Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions and iodocyclization reactions. It was determined that compound 3 and 7 were also seemed to be better drug candidates at the end of in silico evaluation. Furthermore, compound 7 provided the best antibacterial and antifungal activity against the test indicator strains. It showed a potent antifungal effect on Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 (MIC: 1.17 mu g mL(-1); MFC: 2.7 mu g mL(-1)). In addition, while compounds 3, 6 and 7 showed significantly high molybdenum reducing activity compared to trolox, 7 exhibited almost the same antioxidant activity (EC50 = 7.1 mu M) compared to the trolox standard (EC50 = 5.07 mu M). After characterization, the cytotoxic activities of novel indoles were tested against different cancer cell lines and non-cancerous human cell line. Compound 3 and 7 had selective cytotoxic activity towards cancer cells. EC50 values of compound 3 were found to be 248.15 mu M for LnCap, 139.81 mu M for HepG2, and 164.72 mu M for the Caco-2 cell line. Similarly, The EC50 value of 7 was found as 38.725 mu M for LnCap, 70.02 mu M for HepG2, and 86.98 mu M for Caco-2, and 90.97 mu M for Hek293 cell line. Moreover, it was revealed that these two compounds showed strong apoptotic properties towards these cancer cell lines as described by image cytometry and real time PCR. Consequently, these results improved that our molecules 3 and 7 could be new candidates as anticancer agents and apoptosis inducers. (C) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Benzothiophene Derivatives
(indian Acad Sciences, 2018) Algso, Muheb A. S.; Kivrak, Arif; Konus, Metin; Yilmaz, Can; Kurt-Kizildogan, Aslihan
Benzothiophene derivatives were synthesized regioselectively using coupling reactions and electrophilic cyclization reactions. Antimicrobial properties of isolated compounds were tested against indicator microorganisms such as C. albicans ATCC 10231, B. subtilis ATCC 6633, E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. aureus ATCC 25923. 3-(4-aminobenzoethynyl)-2-(thiophen-2-yl) benzo[b]thiophene (12E), 3-ethynyl-2-(thiophen-2-yl) benzo[b]thiophene (12L) and 3-(2-aminobenzoethynyl)-2-(thiophen-2-yl) benzo[b]thiophene (12J) displayed high antibacterial activity against S. aureus. Further, 3-iodo-2-(thiophen-2-yl) benzo[b]thiophene (10) and 3-(trimethylsilylethynyl)-2-(thiophen-2-yl) benzo[b] thiophene (12K) were found to have potentials to be used as antifungal agents against current fungal diseases. Novel 3-(1H-indole-2-yl)-2-(thiophen-2-yl) benzo[b] thiophene (16) and 3-(4-aminobenzoethynyl)-2-(thiophen-2-yl) benzo[b] thiophene (12E) also showed quite high antioxidant capacities with TEAC values of 2.5 and 1.1, respectively; which surpassed the antioxidant capacity of an universally accepted reference of trolox. Benzothiophene derivatives were synthesized regioselectively using coupling reactions and electrophilic cyclization reactions. Antimicrobial properties of the compounds were tested against four indicator microorganisms, and a few displayed high antibacterial activity against S. aureus. 3-(1H-indole-2-yl)-2-(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[b]thiophene (16) and 3-(4-aminobenzoethynyl)-2-(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[b]thiophene (12E) showed high antioxidant capacities which are better than the reference of trolox.
Synthesis and Biological Properties of Novel 1-Methyl Hydrazine Analogues
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2018) Kivrak, Arif; Yilmaz, Can; Konus, Metin; Koca, Halil; Aydemir, Selahattin; Oagaz, Jeger Ali
1-Methyl-2-(2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)benzylidene)hydrazine analogues were readily prepared in good yields by the reaction of 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)benzaldehydes and methyl hydrazine. The reaction tolerates a variety of substituents on the 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde to form nitro-, halo-, methoxy-, and naphthyl-substituted 1-methyl-2-(2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)benzylidene)hydrazines. The in vitro antioxidant capacity measurements revealed that among all the analyzed hydrazine analogues that surpassed the Trolox standard, 1-(2-(but-3-ynyl)-5-nitrobenzylidene)-2-methylhydrazine had the maximum value, which was approximately 1.7 times that of Trolox.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Properties of 2-(prop Derivatives
(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2019) Konus, Metin; Aydemir, Selahattin; Yilmaz, Can; Kivrak, Arif; Kizildogan, Aslihan Kurt; Arpaci, Pembegul Uyar
5-bromo-2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)benzaldehyde (compound 3) and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)benzaldehyde (compound 5) were synthesized via nucleophilic substitution reactions. Compound 5 showed higher antioxidant capacity with respect to compound 3 in all the four different antioxidant activity methods used. Moreover, in phosphomolybdenum assay, compound 5, with 1.1 proportion value, showed almost the same total antioxidant capacity compared to universal trolox standard. Furthermore, Broth microdilution method and agar disc diffusion tests demonstrated that the same compound also exhibited good antibacterial activity towards the bacteria Bacillus subtilis. Finally, both of the benzaldehyde compounds showed high antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. In this study, compound 5 (IC50: 54.3 mu g/ml) showed significant cytotoxic activity against breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 with respect to compound 3 (IC50: 173.4 mu g/ml).