Browsing by Author "Kozan, Esma"

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Effective Eradication of Pinworms (Syphacia Obvelata and Aspiculuris Tetraptera) With Polygonum Cognatum Meissn
(Academic Press inc Elsevier Science, 2019) Dereli, Fatma Tugce Guragac; Ilhan, Mert; Kozan, Esma; Akkol, Esra Kupeli
Polygonum cognatum Meissn. (Polygonaceae) is a wild edible plant known locally as "solucanotu, madimak" in Turkey and it has been used for various purposes, such as diuretic and antidiabetic, as well to treat oxyuris and worms internally in humans. The present study was carried out to investigate the anthelmintic activity of various extracts were obtained from the aerial parts of P. cognatum in order to justify its traditional usage in Turkish folk medicine. n-Hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were prepared from the aerial parts of the plant, successively. The anthelmintic potentials of these extracts were evaluated on mice naturally infected with Syphacia obvelata and Aspiculuris tetraptera. Cellophane perianal tape test and fecal flotation test were used for the activity screening. The results were compared with control and reference groups. In addition to all these experiments, the total amount of phenolic compounds and tannin contents thought to be responsible for the activity were evaluated for all extracts. According to the results, it has been found that the methanolic extract reduced the number of S. obvelata (66.8%) and A. tetraptera (73.4%) eggs. Moreover, the methanolic extract include higher amount of total phenolic compound (48.75 +/- 0.82 mg of GA/g of extract) and tannin (30.04 +/- 0.22 mg TA/g of extract) than n-Hexane (17.21 +/- 0.75 mg of GA/g of extract; 6.82 +/- 0.41 mg TA/g of extract) and ethyl acetate (25.06 +/- 0.94 mg of GA/g of extract; 10.29 +/- 0.34 mg TA/g of extract); therefore the anthelmintic activity could be related to these constituents. The present study explored the anthelmintic potential of P. cognatum. Further studies should be conducted into the mechanism of these compounds' against helminths. This study can be an important step in the discovery of new anthelmintic agents.
Insecticidal Activity Ofhyoscyamus Nigerl. Onlucilia Sericatacausing Myiasis
(Mdpi, 2020) Kupeli Akkol, Esra; Ilhan, Mert; Kozan, Esma; Guragac Dereli, Fatma Tugce; Sak, Mustafa; Sobarzo-Sanchez, Eduardo
Background:Hyoscyamus nigerL. (Solanaceae) generally known as henbane, is commonly distributed in Europe and Asia. In Turkey, henbane seeds have been used in folk medicine to remove worms from the eyes. The present study aimed to investigate the insecticidal activity ofH. nigerseeds. Methods:n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and alkaloid extracts were prepared from the seeds of the plant and their insecticidal activities onLucilia sericatalarvae were evaluated. EC(50)and EC(90)values of the alkaloid extract were calculated and morphological abnormalities were investigated. Results: Alkaloid extract prepared from the seeds of this plant displayed significant insecticidal activity. EC(50)values ofH. nigerseeds alkaloid extract were found to be 8.04, 8.49, 7.96 mu g/mL against first, second and third instar, respectively. It was determined that malformations of larvae included damaged larvae with small size, contraction and weak cuticle. Furthermore, HPLC analysis was performed on alkaloid extract ofH. nigerseeds and main components of the extract were determined. It was determined that alkaloid extract mainly contain hyoscyamine and scopolamine. Conclusions: These results confirm the folkloric usage of the plant and suggest that the alkaloid content of the plant could be responsible for the insecticidal activity.
The Scolicidal Activity of the Essential Oil Obtained From the Needles of Pinus Nigra Arn. Subsp. Pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe on Hydatid Cyst
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2019) Kozan, Esma; Ilhan, Mert; Tumen, Ibrahim; Akkol, Esra Kupeli
Ethnopharmacological relevance: This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro activity of the essential oil of Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana against protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato. In traditional Turkish folk medicine, the essential oils and resin of P. nigra and P. sylvestris are used externally for wound healing. They are also used in cattle for treating worms and as boiling essence against cold and stomachache. Protoscoleces were aseptically aspirated from sheep livers having hydatid cysts. Materials and methods: Three concentrations (10, 30, and 50 mg/mL) of the essential oil from P. nigra subsp. pallasiana cones were used for 10-60 min. The essential oil was applied to protoscoleces of hydatid cyst to determine the scolicidal activity of the essential oil. Viability of protoscoleces was observed by 0.1% eosin staining. Results: The rate of dead protoscoleces was found to be 2.27% in the control group, which was not treated with essential oil. The rate of dead protoscoleces increased to 61.69%, 69.39%, 75.98% and 71.76% respectively after, 10, 20, 30, and 60 min when the protoscoleces were exposed to the P. nigra subsp. pallasiana essential oil at 10 mg/mL concentration. When protoscoleces were exposed to the essential oil of P. nigra subsp. pallasiana for 10, 20, 30, and 60 min at 30 mg/mL concentration, the mortality rates of protoscoleces were determined as 3.82%, 91.33%, 94.67% and 96.74%, respectively. The mortality rate of 100% was determined at 50 mg/mL concentration after 60 min of exposure. According to statistical analysis, P. nigra subsp. pallasiana essential oil at all concentrations had significant scolicidal effects compared to the control group at all exposure times. Conclusions: The essential oil of P. nigra subsp. pallasiana needles showed scolicidal activity and it could be a new scolicidal agent for using in hydatid cyst treatment.