Browsing by Author "Menges, N."

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Copper Catalysis for Biologically Active N-Heterocycles
(Elsevier, 2020) Menges, N.
N-Heterocycles are essential frameworks, mentioned in countless scientific works, that open a large gate into biologically active compounds; they are mentioned in medicinal chemistry as vital scaffolds. N-Heterocycles can be synthesized via many pathways, especially catalytic reactions that favor green chemistry principles. In catalytic approaches, copper has received special attention from scientists since it is more abundant than other metals, has lower toxicity, and can be handled easily. Copper-catalyzed cyclization reactions serve in many scientific fields, and these reactions resulting in N-heterocycles are of particular interest to the pharmaceutical industry, because many active medicinal ingredients can be synthesized using different copper catalysts. The importance of copper and its support in the synthesis of N-heterocycles was the impetus behind this chapter, and many examples are given of the synthesis of N-heterocycles in which copper catalysts were used. The presence of amine- and phosphine-based ligands for different selectivities, total synthesis using copper, synthesis of pharmaceutical products on gram scale, and biological activities of the mentioned N-heterocycles are all discussed in this chapter. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Decolorization of Methylene Blue by Silver/Reduced Graphene Oxide-Ethylene Diamine Nanomaterial: Synthesis, Characterization, and Optimization
(Springer, 2024) Ecer, Ü.; Yiğit, A.; Menges, N.; Şahan, T.
In this study, ethylene diamine-coated reduced graphene oxide-supported silver composite (Ag/rGO-ED) was synthesized and used as an efficient catalyst for the decolorization of methylene blue (MB) in the presence of NaBH4. The morphology of the obtained material was elucidated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The influences of four parameters (MB concentration (mg/L), NaBH4 amount (mM), catalyst amount (g/L), and contact time (s)) on the decolorization process were appraised and optimized via response surface methodology (RSM). For the decolorization of MB, the optimum solutions were obtained as Co of 32.49 mg/L, NaBH4 amount of 152.89 mM, catalyst amount of 0.83 g/L, and 101.39 s contact time with MB decolorization efficiency of 97.73%. MB, a pollutant in wastewater, was decolorized rapidly by Ag/rGO-ED with an efficiency of approximately 97%. The exploration of kinetics and thermodynamics was another major emphasis of the work. The activation energy (Ea) and rate constant (k) for the decolorization of MB were obtained as 37.9 kJ/mol and 0.0135 s−1, respectively. The obtained results show that the catalyst, a new composite material in the literature, is promising for decolorization of wastewater. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Green Protocols for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (Api)
(Elsevier, 2021) Menges, N.
Green chemistry is a fascinating research area due to its respect to environment and effectiveness for more purified organic compounds, which will be active pharmaceuticals. Twelve principles of green chemistry should be obeyed, and these principles can manage the researchers to enhance productivity and reduce hazardous effects on human health. Active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) should have adequate purity due to their use in human health. Any contamination coming from adopted protocols can influence the product. These disadvantages increase further purification protocols, which led to using more power, chemicals, and increase product cost. All these disadvantages can be dropped using green chemistry principles. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.