Browsing by Author "Ozkan, Sezai"

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The Causes and Levels of Lower Limb Amputation in Geriatricpatients
(2021) Adanas, Cihan; Ozkan, Sezai
Aim: Lower limb amputations (LLA) are considered as a serious psychosocial condition. The causes of amputation in young personsare generally trauma, work accidents, or tumors, while in geriatric patients, it is mostly vascular problems. The aim of this study is todetermine the causes and levels of LLA of geriatric patients in a tertiary care center.Materials and Methods: In order to conduct this study, information was obtained from the automation records of geriatric patientswho underwent LLA in our clinic between the years 2014 and 2017. We divided our patients into three groups according to their ages. Group 1 consisted of those patients in the age group of 65-74 years, Group 2: 75-84 years, and Group 3: 84-95 years. We also classified our patients according to amputation causes and levels.We classified the patients as above-knee, transtibial, metatarsal, and toe amputation according to the level of lower extremity amputation.Results: Of the 96 patients included in the study, 70 were male (72.9%), and 26 (27.1%) were female. Group 1 consisted of 45 patients,group 2had 38 patients, and group 3 had 13 patients. It was observed that the most common cause of LLA was diabetic foot ulcers (65 patients), followed by ischemic foot as a cause of LLA in 25 patients. Moreover,4 patients were amputated due to a tumor, while amputation was performed in 2 patients as a result of a crush injury. It was observed that metatarsal and toe amputation was the most common amputation type according to amputation levels. (26 patients)Conclusion: As a result of our study, the most common cause of LLA in Geriatric patients was diabetic foot ulcers. Considering thatlower extremity amputations cause severe morbidity and mortality in geriatric patients, it is crucial to identify these patients with preventive medicine practices.
Comparative Effects of Focused and Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapies on Lateral Epicondylitis: a Randomised Sham-Controlled Trial
(Coll Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan, 2023) Kaplan, Seyhmus; Sah, Volkan; Ozkan, Sezai; Adanas, Cihan; Delen, Veysel
Objective: To evaluate and compare the effects of radial and focused types of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on lateral epicondylitis.Study Design: A randomised sham-controlled trial. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Sports Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University Hospital, Van, Turkiye, from August 2019 to April 2020. Methodology: Patients with acute lateral epicondylitis were randomised into focused, radial, and sham ESWT groups. The ESWT was applied for three sessions at 2-4 days intervals. All the subjects were evaluated at baseline (week 0), week 5, and 13. Patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation (PRTEE) scores were used as outcome measures. Results: At weeks 5 and 13, all PRTEE scores (pain, function, and total) were remarkably improved in the focused and radial groups (p<0.001), but not in the sham group (p>0.05). Focused ESWT was superior to radial ESWT for the change of pain scores from baseline to week 5 (18.8 +/- 13.9 vs. 11.8 +/- 9.1; p=0.026) and week 13 (17.8 +/- 13.1 vs. 11.7 +/- 10.5, p=0.084). Focused ESWT was more effective than radial ESWT for the change of function scores from baseline to weak 5 (17.9 +/- 12.5 vs. 11.2 +/- 9.5; p=0.025) and week 13 (16.9 +/- 11.6 vs. 10.7 +/- 10.1; p=0.032). Focused ESWT was superior to radial ESWT for the change of total scores from baseline to week 5 (36.7 +/- 25.9 vs. 23.0 +/- 17.2; p=0.021) and week 13 (34.7 +/- 24.3 vs. 22.4 +/- 18.5; p=0.044). Conclusion: Focused and radial ESWT are effective in lateral epicondylitis. The focused ESWT is superior to the radial ESWT. Thus, focused ESWT should be preferred in lateral epicondylitis.
Comparison Between Radial and Focused Types of Extracorporeal Shock-Wave Therapy in Plantar Calcaneal Spur: a Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Sah, Volkan; Kaplan, Seyhmus; Ozkan, Sezai; Adanas, Cihan; Toprak, Murat
Objectives Both radial and focused types of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) have been used in patients with plantar calcaneal spur (PCS). However, no study has yet addressed the comparative effects of these treatments on the condition. Considering radial and focused waves are different from each other, their effectiveness may also be different in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of radial and focused types of ESWT on PCS. Methods Ninety-nine patients with plantar calcaneal spur were randomised into three groups according to ESWT types: focused, radial, and sham. ESWT was applied as three sessions, with 2-4 days intervals (excluding weekends). All patients were evaluated at baseline (week 0) and weeks 1, 5, and 13. The Foot Function Index (FFI) scores were used as outcome measures. Results Compared with baseline (week 0), at the end of treatment (week 1) and at the follow-up periods (weeks 5, and 13) the FFI scores were significantly reduced in both focused and radial ESWT groups (for all, p < 0.001). When considering the change in data from baseline to follow-up periods (weeks 5, and 13), both focused and radial ESWT groups were significantly superior to the sham group in the all outcome measures (for all, p < 0.05). Importantly, the radial group was significantly superior to focused group based on the changes in the FFI scores (for all, p < 0.05). Conclusion Both focused ESWT and radial ESWT are effective in plantar calcaneal spur. When considering the degree and continuity of the positive effects, radial ESWT is superior to focused ESWT in plantar calcaneal spur.
Comparison of Long-Term Clinical and Radiologic Outcomes of Aperfix and Fixed Loop Device Fixation in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: a Retrospective Study
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2025) Kaya, Sehmuz; Guven, Necip; Unal, Yunus Can; Ozkan, Sezai; Adanas, Cihan; Turkozu, Tulin; Gokalp, Mehmet Ata
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction aims to improve knee stability and range of motion. The AperFix system consists of polymer components, and fixed-loop fixation is an established endoscopic technique. Our aim in this study was to compare the long-term clinical and radiological results of AperFix and fixed-loop fixation and to prove that the long-term results of the AperFix fixation method are at least as good as those of the fixed loop device. This retrospective study included 109 patients who underwent primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using single bundled hamstring tendon grafts. Patients under 16 years of age, patients with incomplete follow-up, bilateral or other ligament injuries, inflammatory arthropathy, previous knee surgery, or concurrent meniscal treatment were excluded. Participants were divided into 2 groups according to femoral fixation methods: AperFix fixation (group 1, n = 55) and fixed loop device fixation (group 2, n = 54). All operations were performed by senior surgeons under general or spinal anesthesia. Postoperative rehabilitation started on day 1 and allowed patients to resume normal activities at 6 months. Outcomes were evaluated during follow-up, including knee range of motion, clinical scores [Lysholm, Cincinnati, Tegner, and International Knee Documentation Committee] and radiographic measurements of femoral tunnel width and length. Measurements were performed by 2 orthopedic surgeons to ensure reliability. This study evaluated 109 patients (55 in group 1, 54 in group 2) and found no statistically significant differences in demographic variables such as age, sex, body mass index, follow-up duration, or side distribution. Clinical outcomes, including anterior drawer test, Lachman test results, knee flexion-extension degrees, and Lysholm, Cincinnati, Tegner, and International Knee Documentation Committee scores, were similar between the groups (P > .05). Complications occurred in 8 cases (rerupture, infection, and deep vein thrombosis), with no significant correlation to the fixation method used (P = .506). Radiographic analysis revealed no significant differences in femoral tunnel width or length between the groups (P > .05). In our current study, no meaningful disparity was found between the AperFix and fixed loop device methods in terms of long-term clinical outcomes. As there are no long-term studies on the results of AperFix fixation in the literature, more studies on this subject are needed.
Do Hba1c, Ldl and Hdl Levels Determine the Level of Amputation
(Carbone Editore, 2019) Ozkan, Sezai; Adanas, Cihan
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common endocrine disorder worldwide; its frequency is increasing and has already reached epidemic proportions. Foot ulcers and amputation are the chief complications of DM and the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients .The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between the level of amputation and serum HbA1c, cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in patients who underwent amputation at any level in the lower extremities due to diabetic foot. Materials and methods: Patients who underwent lower extremity amputation due to diabetic foot between 2014 and 2017 were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups according to the level of amputation: group 1, amputation of the Pot and toes; group 2, amputation at the knee and transtibial amputation; and group 3, femoral amputation and hip joint disarticulation. Results: The average HbA1c level (11.899%) was significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2 (p<0.01; The mean HDL value was significantly higher in group 1 (33 483 mg/dL) than in groups 2 (26396 mg/dL) and 3 (17.7(X) mg/dL; p<0.01). Conclusion: In patients undergoing diabetic foot treatment, we believe that high HDL levels and low HbA1c levels will help to decrease the lower extremity amputation level. Finally, we believe that HbA1c and HDL should be included in any new scale for diabetic foot amputation risk classification.
Does the Causative Microorganism and Etiology of Trauma Affect the Duration of Treatment in Chronic Tibia Osteomyelitis
(Edizioni Minerva Medica, 2020) Ozkan, Sezai; Adanas, Cihan
BACKGROUND: Osteomyelitis, followed by trauma or inflammation relates to a surgical procedure and is the concept caused by pyogenic bacteria in the bone marrow and bone. Treatment is difficult because management usually relies on a multidisciplinary approach. Up to date, there is no study in the literature investigating the effect of trauma and the causative microorganism on the duration of treatment in chronic osteomyelitis. METHODS: Between 2014-2018 the patients who were operated with the diagnosis of chronic tibia osteomyelitis. Surgery was performed on the patient according to the method described by Tetsworth and Cierny. Culture anti biogram and pathology samples were taken from all patients during the surgery. From the time of diagnosis of chronic tibia osteomyelitis to the last control examinations, patients were recorded. RESULTS: Of the 45 patients included in the study; 32 were male, 13 were women. The mean follow-up period was 24.7 months in males and 26.6 months in females. Patients with firearm wounds had the longest mean follow-up period (36.8 months). The longest mean follow-up period was P. aeruginosa (44.4 months). CONCLUSIONS: The follow-up and treatment of these patients are not suitable in hospitals where there is a high patient circulation and especially if total knee and hip arthroplasty surgery was performed. It is more appropriate to follow these patients in isolated centers and they should be treated by experienced surgeons. For this purpose, especially in developing countries, we suggest the establishment of 15 osteomyelitis treatment centers in accordance with population density and geographic conditions.
The Effect of Theranekron on Femur Fracture Healing in an Experimental Rat Model
(Turkish Joint Diseases Foundation, 2022) Guven, Necip; Ozkan, Sezai; Turkozu, Tulin; Koc, Serap; Keles, Omer Faruk; Yener, Zabit; Karasu, Abdullah
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the radiological, biomechanical, histopathological and immunohistochemical effects of Theranekron on fracture healing in an experimental rat model. Materials and methods: Forty-eight male albino Wistar rats were used. Four groups were formed, with 12 rats in each of Theranekron groups 1 and 2, and control groups 1 and 2. After a fracture was created in the right femur of the rats included in the study, fixation was performed with an intramedullary Kirschner wire. Theranekron was administered subcutaneously to Theranekron groups 1 and 2 at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg on days 0, 5 and 10. After radiographic analysis of the femurs of Theranekron group 1 and control group 1 rats at four weeks of the study was performed, both groups were divided into two equal subgroups (six femurs in each group). Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed in one subgroup and biomechanical examination in the other subgroup. At the end of six weeks, the rats in Theranekron group 2 and control group 2 were evaluated after applying the same procedure as in the fourth week. Results: When the mean radiological scores of the Theranekron and control groups were compared, a statistically significant difference was found in favor of the Theranekron group at four and six weeks (p=0.028 and p=0.006, respectively). At four weeks, statistically significant higher biomechanical forces were obtained in the Theranekron group compared to the control group (p=0.030). In the histopathological evaluation, the inflammation value of the control group at four weeks was statistically significantly higher than the Theranekron group (p=0.027). The angiogenesis, osteoblast proliferation, and bone formation values of the Theranekron group were significantly higher than the control group (p=0.014, p=0.014, and p=0.005, respectively). At six weeks, the bone formation values of the Theranekron group were statistically significantly higher than the control group (p=0.021). The difference between the Theranekron group and the control group scores of the immunohistochemical evaluation were statistically significantly different at four and six weeks (p=0.006 and p=0.011, respectively). Conclusion: Theranekron may play a role in accelerating fracture healing by reducing acute inflammation process in the early period of fracture union, increasing fracture strength, angiogenesis, osteoblast proliferation, and bone formation.
Insall-Salvati Index Is Associated With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears in Men: a Case-Controlled Study
(Sage Publications Ltd, 2022) Guven, Necip; Ozkan, Sezai; Turkozu, Tulin; Yokus, Adem; Adanas, Cihan; Gokalp, Mehmet Ata; Tokyay, Abbas
Purpose Many factors in the etiology of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, predisposing factors related to knee morphology have also been reported. This study aimed to determine whether the Insall-Salvati (IS) index, which measures patella height, is a predisposing risk factor for ACL tears. Methods The IS index, patellar length (PL), and patellar tendon length (PTL) values of patients (study group) that underwent arthroscopic reconstruction for ACL tears obtained by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were compared with the index values in the preoperative MRIs of patients that underwent knee arthroscopy for reasons besides ACL tears. In addition, the anterior tibial translation (ATT) of both groups was also measured and compared on MRI images. The MRI findings of the subjects included in both study groups were arthroscopically confirmed. Results The mean ages of the study group (n = 120) and control group (n = 90) were 29.1 +/- 8.2 years and 31.8 +/- 9.8 years, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the study and control groups in terms of the PL and PTL values (p = 0.016 and p = 0.001, respectively). The IS index was statistically significantly higher in the study group with ACL tears (p = 0.009). The ATT was 8.61 +/- 4.68 mm in the study group and 3.80 +/- 1.92 mm in the control group. The ATT results of both groups were evaluated, and it was found that the study group was significantly higher than the control group (p = 0.001) Conclusions As a result of our current study, we observed higher IS index values in patients with ACL tears than in patients without ACL tears. It should be kept in mind that patella alta, which is associated with a high IS index as one of the factors of knee morphology associated with ACL tears, may play a role in the etiology of ACL tears.
Is Ischaemia-Modified Albumin a Biomarker in Wagner Classification in Diabetic Foot Ulcers
(Wiley, 2021) Ozkan, Sezai; Adanas, Cihan; Alp, Hamit Hakan
Background We aimed to determine the relationship of ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) with diabetic foot ulcers and its predictive value in the Wagner classification. Methods Our cross-sectional study was conducted in 120 diabetic foot patients and 60 healthy individuals with similar body mass index (BMI) and age. Patients with a diabetic foot were classified according to the Wagner classification. Biochemical parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP) and IMA levels were measured in all patients and healthy volunteers. Screening performance characteristics of CRP and IMA were calculated according to Wagner classes and the presence of osteomyelitis. Results The levels of BMI, CRP and IMA in diabetic foot patients were significantly higher than the healthy controls. When we grouped the patients according to the Wagner classification, there were no significant differences between the Wagner groups in terms of BMI. The highest IMA levels were detected in Wagner grade 5. CRP had higher sensitivity and specificity than IMA in the discrimination of other grades, except for grade 4-5 separation. For Wagner grade 4-5 distinction, IMA had 84.6% sensitivity and 94.7% specificity. Conclusion IMA had a higher predictive value in discrimination of the Wagner grade 4-5. In the management of diabetic foot patients, it may be recommended that IMA is evaluated by clinicians.
Is Ischaemic Modified Albumin a Marker in Osteomyelitis Patients
(Pakistan Medical Assoc, 2021) Adanas, Cihan; Ozkan, Sezai; Demir, Canan
Objective: To compare the levels of ischaemia modified albumin between osteomyelitis patients and healthy controls. Method: The cross-sectional prospective study was conducted at Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey, from May 2018 to May 2019, and comprised inpatients diagnosed with osteomyelitis, and healthy controls. Serum IMA concentrations were determined spectrophotometrically at 470nm wavelength. Serum ischaemia modified albumin levels were measured and compared between the patients and the controls. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. Results: Of the 77 subjects, 37(48%) were patients and 40(52%) were controls. Serum ischaemia modified albumin level in patients was significantly higher than controls (p<0.05). There was a significant correlation between ischaemia modified albumin and C-reactive protein levels (p<0.05). Conclusion: Serum ischaemia modified albumin level in patients was significantly higher than controls (p<0.05).
The Levels of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone, Calcitonin and Lipid Profiles in Patients With Calcaneal Spur
(Baycinar Medical Publ-baycinar Tibbi Yayincilik, 2022) Adanas, Cihan; Ozkan, Sezai; Alp, Hamit Hakan
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and calcitonin levels and lipid profiles in patients with calcaneal spurs. Patients and methods: Between March 2018 and June 2019, a total of 50 patients (30 males, 20 females; mean age: 39.8 +/- 8.1 years; range, 24 to 54 years) admitted to our clinic with heel pain and diagnosed with heel spurs based on radiographic images were included. The control group consisted of 50 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (32 males, 18 females; mean age: 35.7 +/- 9.6 years; range, 20 to 56 years). Blood samples were collected from all participants. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride, phosphate, and calcium levels were measured using the colorimetric method. The PTH and 25(OH)D levels were measured using the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Calcitonin levels were detected using the chemiluminescent immunometric assay. Results: In the patients with calcaneal spurs, 25(OH)D and HDL-C levels were significantly lower (p<0.001), while LDL-C, triglyceride, and PTH levels were significantly higher (p<0.05, p<0.002 and p<0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in the calcium, phosphate, body mass index, and calcitonin levels between the groups. Conclusion: Our study results suggest that calcaneal spur formation is associated not only with weight-related pressure, but also with lipid levels and hormonal alterations involved in calcium metabolism. Based on these findings, hormonal alterations and lipids should be considered in patients with calcaneal spurs.
The Levels of Oxidative Dna Damage and Some Antioxidants in Chronic Osteomyelitis Patients: a Cross-Sectional Study
(Wiley-hindawi, 2021) Ozkan, Sezai; Adanas, Cihan; Demir, Canan; Hakan, Hamit
Background Osteomyelitis (OM) is a local or generalised infection of the bone and bone marrow which may be multifactorial in its causation. In this study, we aimed to determine oxidative DNA damage and antioxidant status of patients with chronic osteomyelitis. Material method In this study, patients with chronic osteomyelitis and healthy controls were compared for descriptive characteristics (age and gender) and serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine and antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione and superoxide dismutase. Results This was a case-control study. About 5 mL of venous blood was collected for the estimation of biochemical parameters. This study comprised of 36 OM patients diagnosed, and 41 healthy ages (25-55 years) and sex-matched individuals. Antioxidant enzyme levels were significantly lower in patients with OM, whereas MDA and oxidative DNA damage levels were significantly higher. Conclusion The results obtained from this study have shown that the oxidant-antioxidant balance is impaired in patients with chronic osteomyelitis. It also supports that chronic osteomyelitis has associated with oxidative DNA damage.
Prevelance of Fabella: an Mri Study in the Eastern Anatolia Region of
(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2021) Akdeniz, Huseyin; Ozkan, Sezai; Adanas, Cihan
Background: The fabella, which is generally located in the lateral head of the gastrocne-mius muscle, is a sesamoid bone that articulates with the posterior face of the lateral femoral condyle. As traditional information, the prevalence of fabella is between 10-30% in the population and is usually present in both knees. Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the knee MRIs in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey subjects in order to assess the prevalence of the fabella and analyse the differ-ences between gender, age and laterality and its symmetry pattern. Methods: This study was a retrospective study in patients older than 18 years whose knee MRIs were taken between February 2014 and February 2016. In this study, a total of 531 patients (290 fe -males and 241 males) were included. The radiographs were examined by two orthopedic surgeons and the fabella was located. Later, an expert radiologist made the final decision and confirmed the results. Results: The number of patients included in the study was 531. We detected os fabella in 59 (11.1%) patients. Of the 59 os fabella, 33 were in the right knee and 26 were in the left knee, 38 were female and 21 were male. Conclusion: In this study, we investigated the age and gender differences besides the prevalence and the symmetry pattern of the fabella in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey's population. Pre-valence of the fabella was found to be 11.1% which is different than previously published studies.
A Rare Case: Sclerosing Osteomyelitis of the Frontal Bone
(Springer, 2019) Adanas, Cihan; Ozkan, Sezai; Aycan, Abdurrahman; Erten, Remzi
The patient presented in this study had a form of chronic sclerosing osteomyelitis (CSO) that is rarely reported in calvarial bones and has never been reported in the frontal bone in the literature. We aimed to contribute to the literature with this case study. In this study, we report a 14-year-old girl who presented with swelling and pain in the frontal bone and underwent treatment due to CSO. The patient had no history of trauma and chronic infection. We conclude that CSO should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the patients presenting with cranial swelling whose diagnosis cannot be established based on the radiological findings.
Treatment and Management of Complications in Pediatric Forearm Fractures
(Galenos Publ House, 2021) Tokyay, Abbas; Ozkan, Sezai; Guven, Necip; Turkozu, Tulin; Adanas, Cihan; Gokalp, Mehmet Ata
BACKGROUND/AIMS Forearm diaphyseal fractures are common in children. While closed reduction and casting are sufficient in most patients, surgical treatment is required in some cases. The aim of this study is to determine the possible causes of complications occurring in patients with intramedullary fixation with nail (IMN), as well as to evaluate the management of complications and their final results. MATERIAL and METHODS Between January 2017 and January 2020, 53 children under the age of 16 who had forearm fractures and surgically treated with IMN were included in the study. Demographic data of the patients, type of surgery, surgical technique, postoperative care, complications, and treatment modalities of complications were evaluated. RESULTS The mean age of 53 patients (41 boys and 12 girls) included in this study was 10.5 +/- 2.4 years. The average follow-up period of all our patients was 23.4 months (12-34 months). Complications in our study were seen in 14 (26.4%) patients. These complications included pintrack infection in six (11.3%), refracture in four (7.5%), injury of superficial branch of radial nerve in Iwo (3.7%), extensor pollicis bogus rupture in one (1.8%), and pin migration in one (1.8%) patient. CONCLUSION As a result of the treatment and management of these complications, mild hypesthesia persisted along the superficial branch of the radial nerve in only one case, and all other complications were fully recovered. Successful management of complications can be achieved with close follow-up and appropriate treatment.
Virtual Reality Headset Versus Traditional Training in Orthopedic Surgery: a Comparative Study on Real Surgical Performance in Total Knee Arthroplasty
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2024) Unal, Yunus Can; Adanas, Cihan; Kaya, Sehmuz; Ozkan, Sezai; Ismailov, Ulan
Is it possible for a low-volume surgeon to enhance their surgical skills without performing actual surgeries by utilizing virtual reality headsets and emerging technologies? It has been observed that the time spent by surgical assistants in the operating room decreased after the post-shift leave regulation. In the literature, the use of virtual reality simulations as a support tool in surgical training is recommended. Although the efficacy of virtual reality surgical simulations in surgeries such as arthroscopy and laparoscopy has been proven, there are limited studies on their effect in open surgeries. In this study, 20 orthopedic and traumatology residents with no experience in primary total knee arthroplasty were divided into 2 groups. One group was prepared for surgery using surgical simulation with virtual reality headsets, while the other group was prepared for surgery with traditional methods. The actual surgical performance of the participants was evaluated with the Objective Structured Scale of Technical Skills (OSATS) surgical skills scale. It was observed that the virtual reality group was more successful in the "Time and Motion" and "Surgical Functioning and Fluency" criteria. Virtual reality surgical simulations are useful tool in surgical training and can contribute to the development of surgeons' skills. However, more research is needed on how to integrate these simulations into training programs and in which areas they are most effective.