Browsing by Author "Ozturk, G."

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Enzymatic Dissection for Palliative Treatment of Esophageal Carcinoma: an Experimental Study
(2005) Isik, A.F.; Ozturk, G.; Ugras, S.; Karaayvaz, M.
Patients with esophageal carcinoma generally lose their chance of curable surgical treatment when symptoms become evident. At this stage chemoradiotherapy and palliative treatment methods are the only options. We investigated the potential use of enzymatic treatment in tissue loosening to improve the esophageal passage especially in patients with advanced esophageal carcinoma. Specimens were prepared from resection materials (one adenocarcinoma, two squamous cell carcinomas) which were removed from three consecutive patients. They were treated with pancreatin at 2.5%, 5% and 10% of concentrations. Macroscopic and histopathologic examinations were performed to evaluate the effect. At 2.5% enzyme concentration no macroscopically change was observed in adenocarcinoma while mild softening occurred in the tissue samples of squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathologic examination revealed tissue and cell necrosis destruction at 5 and 10% concentrations in the latter samples. We observed clear destruction of squamous cell carcinoma tissue in both macroscopically and microscopically with in vitro enzyme application. This procedure, not only helps to open esophageal passage, but may also delay the growth of tumour and support the chemoradiotherapy. Enzymatic tumoral dissection (tumourolysis) is a promising method to alleviate the symptoms of esophageal carcinoma. © 2005 Published by European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.
Policies and Practices of Early Childhood Education and Care During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Perspectives From Five Countries
(Istanbul Kultur University, 2021) Visnjic-Jevtic, A.; Nagy, A.V.; Ozturk, G.; Şahin-Sak, İ.T.; Paz-Albo, J.; Toran, M.; Sánchez-Pérez, N.
The COVID-19 pandemic, which affects all areas of life, has also affected children in need of education and care. It is of great importance to develop policies that take into account the best interests of children in this process. In this review article, the policies developed for early childhood education and care during the pandemic period in five countries (Australia, Croatia, Hungary, Spain, and Turkey), how they are implemented, the problems that arose, and the solutions produced are discussed. As a result, the COVID-19 pandemic has revealed that we need to focus on eliminating the educational inequalities, set policies for the welfare of children on foundations that are more realistic, rebuild teacher training, and improve the welfare of families. Priorizating the best interests of the child in the policies to be developed and building the social ecology on justice will ease overcoming the crises that will be faced. © 2021 Journal of Childhood, Education & Society.
Two Distinct Types of Dying Back Axonal Degeneration in Vitro
(Wiley, 2013) Ozturk, G.; Cengiz, N.; Erdogan, E.; Him, A.; Oguz, E. K.; Yenidunya, E.; Aysit, N.
G. ozturk, N. Cengiz, E. Erdoan, A. Him, E. K. Ouz, E. Yenidunya and N. Ayit (2013) Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology39, 362376 Two distinct types of dying back axonal degeneration in vitro Aims: In many neurodegenerative diseases and following traumas, dying back degeneration is a common phenomenon that aggravates the pathology and may eventually lead to death of the affected neurone. We aimed to investigate the mechanism of dying back degeneration with an in vitro axonal injury model. Methods: We cultured adult mouse dorsal root ganglion neurones and with a precise laser beam, cut the axons they extended. Preparations were imaged continuously and images were analysed to describe and quantify ensuing events. Potential contributions of calpains and caspases to the degeneration were explored using specific inhibitors and immunohistochemistry. In vivo implications of the results were sought in nerve sections after sciatic nerve cut. Results: The proximal part of the transected axons went under basically two types of dying back degeneration, fragmentation and retraction. In fragmentation the cytoplasm became condensed and with concomitant axial collapse the axon disintegrated into small pieces. In retraction, the severed axon was pulled back to the soma in an organized manner. We demonstrated that fragmentation was associated with a high risk of cell death, while survival rate with retraction was as high as those of uninjured neurones. Regeneration of transected axon was more likely after retraction than following fragmentation. Activities of caspase-3 and calpains but not of caspase-6 were found linked with retraction and regeneration but not with the fragmentation. Conclusions: This study describes two quite distinct types of dying back degeneration that lead an injured neurone to quite different fates.