Browsing by Author "Ragbetli, Cennet"

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The Axon Number of the Rat Sciatic Nerve: a Stereological Study
(Kafkas Univ, veteriner Fakultesi dergisi, 2013) Ragbetli, Cennet; Yalama, Mustafa; Kati, Ismail; Ulkay, Muzaffer Basak; Esener, Osman Burak; Bozkurt, Hasan Hakan; Ragbetli, Murat Cetin
This study was designed to determine with stereological methods the number of axons in the sciatic nerve as a result of peripheral nerve blockage following injection of lidocaine and prilocaine into hind limb muscle. Nine adult female Sprague-Dawley rats weighted 150-200 g were used in the study. Ketamine was employed intraperitoneal to the rats as 50 mg/kg. The prilocaine and lidocaine were equally (5 mg/ml) injected to the left and right limbs of the 4 rats. As a control group, isotonic sodium chloride (0.9%) was performed as 0.2 ml into the extremities of the remaining 5 rats. When the application completed, surrounding muscles and soft tissues as well as sciatic nerve were dissected as 0.5x1.0 cm length. In order to determine neurotoxic effects of lidocaine and prilocaine on sciatic nerve, the number of axons was computed by unbiased stereological method. Following of the square root transformation, Mann-Whitney U test was performed to compare groups. When the unbiased comparisons were executed to both groups, the effects of lidocaine and prilocaine on sciatic nerve were found statistically non-significant.
Çeşitli Klinik Örneklerden İzole Edilen Vankomisine Direçli Enterokok (Vre) Suşlarının Fenotipik ve Genotipik Değerlendirilmesi
(2021) Yakupogulları, Yusuf; Guducuoglu, Huseyin; Parlak, Mehmet; Bilen, Semra; İrden, Şevin; Parlak, Arzu Uyanık; Ragbetli, Cennet
Amaç: Enterokoklar, bircok antibiyotiğe doğal dirençli olmaları, özellikle glikopeptitlere (vankomisin, teikoplanin) karşı oluşturdukları kazanılmış direnç mekanizmaları nedeniyle dünya genelinde önemli mikroorganizma grubu içerisinde yer alır. Bu çalışmada, çeşitli klinik örneklerden elde edilen Vankomisine dirençli Enterokok suşlarında fenotipik olarak vankomisin ile teikoplanin direnci belirlenmiş ve moleküler yöntemlerle VanA, VanB ve VanC varlığı araştırılmıştır. Yöntem: 2015-2018 yılları arasında Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi, Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarı’nda çeşitli klinik örneklerden izole edilen 30 adet Vankomisine dirençli Enterococcus ssp. suşu çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Suşların identifikasyonu ve antibiyotik duyarlılık sonuçlarının belirlenmesi için MicroScan WalkAway 96 Plus (Beckman Coulter, ABD) otomatize sistem kullanılmıştır. Vankomisin ve teikoplanin direnci ayrıca gradient test yöntemi ile çalışılmıştır. Direnç genleri, uygun primerler kullanılarak in-house PCR yöntemi ile araştırılmıştır. PCR testleri İnönü Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı Moleküler Laboratuvarı’nda yürütülmüştür. Bulgular: İdentifikasyon testleri sonucunda suşların 29’u Enterococcus faecium, bir tanesi Enterococcus faecalis olarak tanımlanmıştır. Otomatize identifikasyon sistemi ile suşların tümü vankomisin ve teikoplanine karşı dirençli bulunurken gradient test yöntemi izolatların üç tanesi her iki antibiyotiğe de duyarlı olarak bulunmuştur. Bu üç suşta VanA, VanB ve VanC genlerinin hiçbirisine rastlanmamıştır. Moleküler yöntemle 27 suşta VanA, bir suşta VanB geni saptanırken, hiçbir suşta VanC genine rastlanmamıştır. Enterokok izolatlarında glikopeptit direncinin belirlenmesinde gradient test yöntemi ile moleküler yöntemin %100 uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Gradient test yöntemi, klinik mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarında enterokok izolatlarının glikopeptit direncini saptamada güvenilir sonuç vermektedir.
Chryseobacterıum Indologenes'in Neden Olduğu İdrar Yolu Enfeksiyonu
(2016) Yaman, Görkem; Ragbetli, Cennet; Ceylan, Nesrin; Özlük, Suat; Guducuoglu, Huseyin; Parlak, Mehmet; Bayram, Yasemın
Bu çalışmada 1 yaşındaki erkek hastada Chryseobacterium indologenes idrar yolu enfeksiyonu vakası sunulmuştur. Bu olguda yapılan idrar kültürü incelemesinde 24. saatte sarı-turuncu pigment oluşturan, kolonileri düzgün kenarlı olan, katalaz, indol, eskulin hidrolizi ve oksidaz testleri pozitif olarak bulunan mikroorganizma tespit edilmiştir. Aynı örnekte ikinci mikroorganizma olarak Candida albicans üremesi saptanmıştır. Her iki mikroorganizma sayısı da 100.000 Colony Forming Unit/mililitre üzerinde saptanmıştır. Bu mikroorganizmaların hızlı tanımlanması için laboratuarımızda BD Phoenix 100 (Becton Dickinson, USA) otomatize sistem kullanılmıştır. Antibiyotik dirençlerinin tespiti için European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing 2014 kılavuzunda nonfermenter bakteriler için tanımlanan kriterler kullanılmıştır. C. indologenes suşu tanımlandıktan sonra MALDI-TOF MS (Bruker Microflex LT System) ile Maltepe Üniversitesi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarı'nda konfirme edilmiştir. C. indologenes amikacin, gentamicin, aztronenam, ceftazidime, cefepime, piperacillin, piperacillin tazobactama karşı dirençli bulunurken ciprofloxacin ve trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole duyarlı bulunmuştur. C. albicans için gradient testi (Liofilchem. srl, İtalya) ile yaılan antimikotik duyarlılık testinde ise flusitozin, amfoterisin B, vorikonazol, flukonazol, itrakonazole karşı duyarlı olarak tespit edilmiştir. Hastaya trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole ve kaspofungin tedavisi başlanmıştır. Ateş sorunu çözülünce ve idrar kültürü negatif gelene kadar tedavisine devam edilmiştir. C. indologenes, nadir rastlanan bir etiyolojik ajan olmasına rağmen hidronefrozun eşlik ettiği idrar yolları enfeksiyonlarında akılda tutulmalıdır.
Determination of Micronutrients and Oxidative Stress Status in the Blood of Stz-Induced Experimental Diabetic Rat Models
(Humana Press inc, 2014) Ragbetli, Cennet; Dede, Semiha; Tanritanir, Pinar; Yoruk, Ibrahim Hakki; Ragbetli, Murat Cetin
This study aims to research the effect of streptozotocin (STZ) at different doses on the serum micronutrients and oxidative stress status in diabetic rat models. Twenty male rats averaged 250 g and 3-4 months old were used as experimental models. They were put in four groups composed of five rats each. Diabetic was induced by administering STZ 55 and 65 mg/kg intraperitonally. The serum micronutrients including minerals and vitamins (Cu, Zn, Mg, Fe, vitamins D, E, and C) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, MDA) were determined. Cu, Zn, and Vitamin D3 levels were found to increase significantly in STZ groups (p < 0.005). Retinol levels decreased significantly in STZ groups (p < 0.005). In the groups administered 55 mg/kg STZ ferrum and vitamin C levels were found significantly lower than the other groups (p < 0.005). In the group given 65 mg/kg STZ a-tocopherol levels were highest (p < 0.005) among other groups. There was not any difference between the groups for MDA, Cu/Zn, and Mg. For both doses, oxidative stress status was not significantly affected within 48 h of the application, however, some micronutritents were affected significantly.
The Effect of Mobile Phone on the Number of Purkinje Cells: a Stereological Study
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2010) Ragbetli, Murat C.; Aydinlioglu, Atif; Koyun, Necat; Ragbetli, Cennet; Bektas, Seyman; Ozdemir, Serdar
Purpose: The World Health Organisation proposed an investigation concerning the exposure of animals to radiofrequency fields because of the possible risk factor for health. At power frequencies there is evidence to associate both childhood leukaemia and brain tumours with magnetic field exposures. There is also evidence of the effect of mobile phone exposure on both cognitive functions and the cerebellum. Purkinje cells of the cerebellum are also sensitive to high dose microwave exposure in rats. The present study investigated the effect of exposure to mobile phone on the number of Purkinje and granule neurons in the developing cerebellum. Material and methods: Male and female Swiss albino mice were housed as control and mobile phone-exposed groups. Pregnant animals in the experimental group were exposed to Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) mobile phone radiation at 890-915 MHz at 0.95 W/Kg specific absorption rate (SAR). The cerebella were processed by frozen microtome. The sections obtained were stained with Haematoxylin-eosin and cresyl violet. For cell counting by the optical fractionator method, a pilot study was firstly performed. Cerebellar areas were analysed by using Axiovision software running on a personal computer. The optical dissectors were systematically spaced at random, and focused to the widest profile of the neuron cell nucleus. Results: A significant decrease in the number of Purkinje cells and a tendency for granule cells to increase in cerebellum was found. Conclusion: Further studies in this area are needed due to the popular use of mobile telephones and relatively high exposure on developing brain.
Effect of Prenatal Exposure To Mobile Phone on Pyramidal Cell Numbers in the Mouse Hippocampus: a Stereological Study
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2009) Ragbetli, Murat Cetin; Aydinlioglu, Atif; Koyun, Necat; Ragbetli, Cennet; Karayel, Metin
Because of the possible risk factor for the health, World Health Organization (WHO) recommended the study with animals on the developing nervous system concerning the exposure to radiofrequency (RF) field. A few studies related to hippocampal exposure are available, which indicate the impact of RF field in some parameters. The present study investigated the effect of exposure to mobile phone on developing hippocampus. Male and female Swiss albino mice were housed as control and mobile phone exposed groups. The pregnant animals in tested group were exposed to the effects of mobile phone in a room possessing the exposure system. The left hemispheres of the brains were processed by frozen microtome. The sections obtained were stained with Hematoxylin Eosin. For cell counting by the optical fractionator method, a pilot study was first performed. Hippocampal areas were analyzed using Axiovision software running on a personal computer. The optical dissector, systematically and randomly spaced, was focused to the widest profile of the pyramidal cell nucleus. No significant difference in pyramidal cell number of total Cornu Ammonis (CA) sectors of hippocampus was found between the control and the mobile phone exposed groups (p .05). It was concluded that further study is needed in this field due to popular use of mobile telephones and relatively high exposure to the developing brain.
Effects of Diclofenac Sodium on the Rat Liver in Postnatal Period
(Medwell online, 2009) Ragbetli, Cennet; Aydinlioglu, Atif; Kara, Mikail; Ragbetli, Murat Cetin; Ilhan, Fatma
Diclofenac Sodium (DS) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in painful conditions, trauma, dysmenorrhoea, rheumatoid arthritis, degenerative joint disease and ankylosing spondylitis. There is the paucity of the research investigating DS effect on the rat liver in the fetal period. The present study aimed to investigate the possible postnatal effects of DS on the liver tissues of the offspring of rats. DS was administered to pregnant rats for 15 days from the 5th-20th day of pregnancy. After mating day, pregnant female rats were separated into the control and DS treated groups. DS (1 mg kg(-1) daily) was injected intraperitoneally to the drug-treated group and physiological saline (1 mL kg(-1)) to the control group. Liver tissues were collected from pups at the 20th week and paraffin sections were dyed with hematoxylen-eosin. DS caused proliferation of bile ducts, enlargement of periportal area, dilatation of sinusoids and the central vein, parenchymal degeneration and mononuclear cell infiltration. Significant changes between the control and the treated groups were found (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed between the sexes in both groups. This study using DS with low dose did not show parenchymal cell death, as a different finding from the previous studies. However, these observations need to be confirmed by further studies using different doses of DS during pregnancy.
A Histological Investigation Concerning the Effects of Diclofenac Sodium To the Lung in 4-And 20-Week Rats Treated Prenatally
(informa Healthcare, 2011) Ragbetli, Cennet; Ilhan, Fatma; Aydinlioglu, Atif; Kara, Mikail; Ragbetli, Murat C.
Objective. We aimed to investigate the possible postnatal effects on the lung tissues of the rat offspring treated with diclofenac sodium (DS) during pregnancy. Methods. After mating, pregnant female rats were separated into the control (n = 10) and DS (n = 10) groups. DS (1 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p) to the drug-treated group for the period of gestational days 5-19. Physiological saline (1 ml, i.p.) was given to the control groups. After birth, pups were separated into DS treatment groups (n=24) and control group (n=24). The DS and control group animals were anaesthetised with i.p. injection of urethane and their lungs were removed to prepare for histopathological evaluation. Results. Histological examination of the lung tissues of the 4- and 20-week-old rats revealed no significant differences between males and females in both the control and DS treated rats. Conclusion. Because of the use of DS in the pregnant women further studies are needed in this field.
Some Biochemical Parameters and Vitamins Levels in the Hair Goats Naturaly Mix-Infested With Endo and Ectoparasities (Lice (Linognathus Africanus) and Trichostrongylidae Sp.)
(Medwell online, 2009) Tanritanir, Pinar; Ozdal, Nalan; Ragbetli, Cennet; Yoruk, Ibrahim; Ceylan, Ebubekir; Deger, Serdar
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the blood serum concentration of some biochemical parameters and lipid-soluble vitamin levels in the goats naturaly infested with lice and Trichostrongylidae sp. before and after treatment with moxidectin and effects of moxidectin treatment on these blood parameters. In this study, 20 hair goats naturaly infected with lice (Linognathus africanus) and Trichostrongylidae sp. and 10 healthy hair goats (control) were used as material. Blood samples were collected from infested and control groups. Serum samples were seperated and analysed for biochemical parameters with autoanalyser and some vitamins with high performance liquid chromatography. Animals in infested group were treated with ecto-endoparasitic drug (moxidectin) and in 8 and 15 days after treatment blood samples were again collected to determine some vitamins and biochemical parameters. As a results, concentrations of retinol, sodium, potassium, calcium and albumin were lower (p<0.05) and activity of alanine aminotransferase was higher (p<0.05) in infected goats than in the controls. There was no statistically significant difference in the concentration of vit D-3, tocopherol, total protein, glucose and activity of aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase between infected and control group.