Browsing by Author "Selem, Ezelhan"

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Biochemical and Morphological Characteristics of Some Macrofungi Grown Naturally
(Mdpi, 2021) Selem, Ezelhan; Alp, Yekbun; Sensoy, Suat; Uzun, Yusuf; Cavusoglu, Seyda; Karatas, Neva; Szopa, Agnieszka
Recently, the production of macro-fungi (mushrooms) has steadily increased, and so has their economic value, in global terms. The use of functional foods, dietary supplements, and traditional medicines derived from macro-fungi is increasing as they have numerous health benefits as well as abundant nutrients. This study aimed to determine some biochemical contents (pH, soluble solid contents (SSC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total phenolic contents (TPC)) of eight edible macro-fungi species growing naturally (in the wild) in Turkey. The samples were collected in the Van Yuzuncu Yil University (VAN YYU) campus area in the months of April-May 2018, in different locations, and brought to the laboratory, and the necessary mycological techniques were applied for their identification. Location, habitats, collection dates and some morphological measurements were determined for all identified species. Biochemical parameters of the macro-fungi species were analyzed separately both in cap and stem. The color values (L, a, b, Chroma and hue) were separately evaluated on cap surface, cap basement and stem. Results showed that there were significant differences for most of the biochemical parameters in different organs between and within species. The pH, SSC, TAC and TPC values varied from 6.62 to 8.75, 2.25 to 5.80 & DEG; brix, 15.72 to 57.67 TE mg(-1) and 13.85 to 60.16 gallic acid equivalent (GAE) fresh weight basis. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the parameters such as total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content and soluble content in Morchella esculenta, Helvella leucopus, Agaricus bitorquis and Suillus collinitus were higher than for the other species and clearly implied that they may be further exploited as functional ingredients in the composition of innovative food products.
Determination of Morphological and Quality Characteristics of Naturally Growing Thymus Kotschyanus Boiss. & Hohen. Var. Kotschyanus Populations Around of Van/Türkiye
(Mdpi, 2025) Nohutcu, Lutfi; Tuncturk, Murat; Tuncturk, Rueveyde; Selem, Ezelhan; Eroglu, Huseyin
In this study, morphological and quality characteristics (nutritional value, EO ratio and content, TPC, TFC, and TAA) of 12 different naturally growing populations (T1 to T12) of Thymus kotschyanus var. kotschyanus were investigated. In the case of macro and micro nutrients, all the populations have a rich ingredient, and for heavy metal content, all population results are within limits. The percentage of essential oils in the population varied between 0.43% to 4.66% (v/w). Thymol was the most abundant compound in the whole population and the percentage of thymol ranged from 4.07% to 81.15%. In the study, eight populations had more than 50% thymol content and the maximum percentage was recorded from the T1 population (81.15%). The total phenolic compound ranged from 152.81 to 195.23 mg GAE/g of dry extract and total flavonoid content ranged from 145.24 to 382.74 mg QE/100 g. Total antioxidant activity varies between 78.43 and 228.55 mu mol TE/g and the highest value was obtained from population T7. PCA analysis was carried out to determine the morphological and quality parameters of the populations. Four populations were superior to others for morphological analysis and two populations were superior to others for quality analysis. According to the result of the study, the T10 population has higher yield and quality compared to other populations.
Effects of Rhizobacteria and Algal Species on Physiological and Biochemical Parameters in Calendula Officinalis L. Under Different Irrigation Regimes
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2022) Selem, Ezelhan; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Nohutcu, Lutfi; Tuncturk, Murat
Drought is one of the main limiting factors affecting the growth and productivity of plants. Drought stress affects plant growth in different ways through a series of anatomical, morphological, physiological and biochemical changes. Therefore, it is important to develop alternative methods to protect plants against drought stress. Turkey has one the most unique cultivated areas of different medicinal and aromatic plants including Calendula officinalis. Despite its considerable importance and use as a medicinal plant, its commercial production is very limited. In this study, the effects of different rhizobacteria and algal species treatments (B-0 - control, B-1 - Azospirillum lipoferum, B-2 - Bacillus megaterium, B-3 - Chlorella saccharophila) on several physiological and biochemical parameters in C. officinalis were studied under irrigation regimes - normal irrigation (K-1), 50% irrigation (K-2) and 25% irrigation (K-3). The results showed that the application of different rhizobacterial and algal species had positive effects by reducing the limited irrigation stress. Also, the range of different physiological and biochemical parameters values, including leaf relative water content (RWC), ion leakage in leaf tissues (ILLT), membrane endurance index (MEI), chlorophyll content, nitrogen balance index, MDA, total antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and total amount of flavonoids were determined as 61.8-77.2%, 29.2-42.8%, 57.2-68.9%, 26.8-38.2 mu g cm(-2), 110.6-158.0 mg g(-1), 0.276-573.0 nmol g(-1), 19.92-55.92 Mmol TE g(-1), 27.37-68.75 mg GAE g(-1) and 9.49-17.88 mg QE 100 g(-1), respectively. The results revealed that C. officinalis could be commercially cultivated as a drought-resistant plant species in arid and semi-arid regions of Turkey.
Study on Some Chemical Parameters and Essential Oil Compositions in Two Origanum Species Grown in Van Region, Turkey
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2025) Selem, Ezelhan; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Nohutcu, Lutfi; Cinar, Orcun; Tuncturk, Murat
Primary and secondary metabolites, which are natural products produced by plants, are mainly used, either directly or indirectly, in industries. These are active substances, for example etheric oils (essential oils, essences), alkaloids, tannins, bitter substances, etc., that are predominantly involved in plant metabolism. They increase the body's defence system, support the functions of organs and accelerate healing. Thus, they have positive effects on the functions of certain tissues and organs. In this study, some bioactive and biochemical compounds, dry matter, total antioxidant activity, total flavonoid and total phenolic content, macro-micro and heavy metal content, essential oil yield and content in Origanum onites and Origanum dubium species were determined. It was found that total ash (10.61-12.03%), dry matter (38.24-43.47%), total antioxidant activity (121.41-162.17 mu mol TE g-1), total phenolic content (187.04-192.25 mg GAE g-1), total flavonoid content (10.01-17.57 mg QE 100 g-1), chlorophyll amount (23.26-23.30 dx) and NBI (the Nitrogen Balance Index) (13.90-28.23 dx) were higher in O. dubium than in O. onites. Yield of essential oil was determined between 3.130 and 3.240 in O. onites and O. dubium species, respectively. Carvacrol (78.24%), gamma-terpinene (6.650%) and cymene (3.950%) components were found to be dominant in the essential oil of O. onites. On the other hand, the main components of essential oil obtained from O. dubium species were carvacrol (22.01%), gamma-terpinene (23.55%), cis-sabinene hydrate (13.90%), terpinen-4-ol (8.500%), alpha-terpinene (4.94%), cymene (4.94%) and trans-sabinene hydrate (3.35%).