Browsing by Author "Sumbul, Ahmet"

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Effect of Rhizobacteria Application on Nutrient Content, Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Activity, Color Properties and Fruit Characteristics of Strawberry Cultivars
(Mdpi, 2024) Elikara, Alper Umut; Popescu, Gheorghe Cristian; Demirel, Serap; Sumbul, Ahmet; Yaman, Mehmet; Demirel, Fatih; Gunes, Adem
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of single and combined applications of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) bacteria on plant nutrition, biochemical content and fruit characteristics in Albion and Monterey strawberry cultivars. Bacillus subtilis OSU-142, Bacillus megaterium M3 and Paenibacillus polymyx were the PGPR used in the experiment. For each bacterial treatment, 10 mL of a 108 CFU mL-1 suspension was applied to the soil where Albion and Monterey cultivars were grown. PGPR bacteria were applied as single treatments and a mixture of equal amounts of these three bacterial species was applied as a mixed treatment. This study was carried out with a total of four different bacterial treatments and one control group. The highest fruit weight was obtained in the Monterey cultivar with 12.67 g in the Mix treatment and in the Albion cultivar with 11.79 g in the Bacillus megaterium M3 treatment. Regarding biochemical properties, Paenibacillus polymyxa was effective in influencing nutrient element content in fruits, while Bacillus subtilis OSU-142, Paenibacillus polymyxa and Bacillus megaterium M3 applications were more effective in leaf nutrient element content. It has been observed that the Mix treatment resulting from the combined use of bacteria, rather than their separate use, has a greater impact on fruit weight. Consequently, it has been understood that PGPR bacteria are potentially effective in improving the agronomic, pomological, and biochemical characteristics of strawberry cultivars and can be used in studies and breeding programs aimed at increasing strawberry yield and quality.
Effects of Postharvest Citric, Oxalic Acid and Modified Atmosphere Packaging Applications on Fruit Quality and Biochemical Properties in Persimmon
(BMC, 2025) Tekin, Onur; Kucuker, Emine; Aglar, Erdal; Alan, Davut; Sumbul, Ahmet
This study aims to investigate the effects of postharvest oxalic acid (OA), citric acid (CA) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) applications on fruit quality and preservation of biochemical content in persimmon. This research conducted on "Rojo brillante" variety persimmon (Diospyros kaki L), evaluated the effects of various treatment methods on fruit quality during 90 days of storage period. In the study, the parameters such as weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity, fruit firmness, respiration rate, ethylene production, gas composition, phenolic content, antioxidant activity and organic acids were investigated.MethodIn the study, each application consisted of three replications. The first group was control, the second group was 1 mmol CA, the third group was 1 mM OA, the fourth group was MAP, the fifth group was 1 mmol CA + MAP and the sixth group was 1 mM OA + MAP. The fruits were kept in control, CA and OA solutions for 15 min. The fruits were stored for 90 days at 5 degrees C and 85 +/- 5% relative humidity.ResultsDuring storage period, fruit weight loss, water loss and natural physiological changes increased. OA and CA acid applications were not effective in reducing fruit weight loss, but OA + MAP applications were more effective in preserving fruit quality. MAP prevented water loss and preserved fruit quality by decreasing oxygen levels and increasing carbon dioxide levels. The changes in TSS ratio were observed while MAP and OA + MAP treatments kept TSS constant. Application of OA + MAP increased acidity by preserving the stability of acidic compounds. Flesh firmness decreased with storage time, but MAP and OA + MAP combinations gave better results. As the storage period progressed, color changes and respiration rate increased, MAP application slowed down fruit respiration and delayed ripening. An increase in carbon dioxide levels was observed during storage, the highest levels were recorded in OA + MAP and CA + MAP applications. MAP application kept nitrogen levels the highest, the nitrogen levels reached equilibrium with the combination of OA and MAP. In addition, OA and CA applications increased phenolic content and antioxidant activity while it decreased in MAP and control groups. In terms of acidic compounds, the combination of OA and MAP was effective in preserving fruit acids.ConclussionOA + MAP treatments were more effective in preserving fruit quality by reducing water loss, maintaining acidity, and improving flesh firmness compared to other applications. MAP treatment also slowed respiration, delayed ripening, and maintained nitrogen levels, contributing to overall fruit preservation during storage. The study revealed the potential use of these methods in extending fruit quality and shelf life.
Morpho-Genetic Characterization of Fig (Ficus Carica Var. Rupestris (Hausskn.) Browicz) Genotypes To Be Used as Rootstock
(Springer, 2024) Yildiz, Ercan; Aglar, Erdal; Sumbul, Ahmet; Yaman, Mehmet; Caliskan, Oguzhan; Popescu, Gheorghe Cristian; Gonultas, Metin
With its enormous genetic pool, Turkiye is the homeland of the fig and many plant species. The common fig species in the country's natural population are Ficus carica var. caprificus (male figs), Ficus carica var. domestica (female figs; edible figs), and Ficus carica var. rupestris. In this study, the morphological and molecular characterization of 42 genotypes, including those obtained by selection from the Ficus carica var. rupestris (Hausskn.) Browicz population, which is naturally spread in a limited area in Tunceli province, was performed. This study evaluated the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of 23 fig genotypes. These results showed that tree growth habit, lateral shoot formation, apical dominancy, and leaf length characteristics were highly discriminant variables for phenotypic description in wild fig genotypes. The genetic relationship between the genotypes was demonstrated with 12 SRAP and 9 ISSR primers. As a result of the study, it was determined that the genetic similarity values ranged between 0.52 and 0.94. It was determined that the first five essential components (PCA) contributed 20.87%, 13.21%, 10.66%, 9.58%, and 7.11% of the total variation, respectively, and their cumulative rate corresponded to 61.43% of the total variation. Very detailed results on the genetic variation in the fig population in the region were obtained by morphological features and molecular methods. The seven genotypes selected were propagated to determine their potential for dwarf rootstocks. The results of the present study may provide significant leads for further research on this subject. The potential of dwarf rootstocks in figs can be an essential tool for modern fruit growing.
Natural Diversity of Crataegus Monogyna Jacq. in Northeastern Türkiye Encompassing Morphological, Biochemical, and Molecular Features
(Mdpi, 2025) Erkek, Bora; Yaman, Mehmet; Sumbul, Ahmet; Demirel, Serap; Demirel, Fatih; Coskun, Omer Faruk; Eroglu, Ayten
Hawthorn (Cratageus monogyna Jacq.), one of the important wild fruit species in Turkey, is an important fruit species in many countries due to its use in traditional medicine, landscaping studies, and the food and beverage industry. In this study, morphological characterization revealed significant variation among genotypes, with fruit weight ranging from 0.55 g to 2.87 g, fruit width from 9.74 mm to 18.39 mm, and leaf width from 19.53 mm to 41.19 mm. Genotype-dependent variations were observed in the total phenolic content (151.34 mg-491.88 mg GAE 100 g-1 flesh), the total flavonoid content (16.74-48.13 mg CAE 100 g-1 flesh), the total anthocyanin content (26.34-79.79 mg cyn-3 gluc 100 g-1 flesh), and the antioxidant activity (29.20% to 56.70%). HPLC-based phenolic profiling identified substantial variations in key bioactive compounds, with the highest levels of chlorogenic acid (16.16 mg 100 g-1 fw), caffeic acid (10.21 mg 100 g-1 fw), epicatechin (13.83 mg 100 g-1 fw), rutin (74.05 mg 100 g-1 fw), and protocatechuic acid (2.00 mg 100 g-1 fw). ISSR marker-based molecular analysis revealed a high degree of genetic polymorphism (89.12%), with 55 out of 62 bands classified as polymorphic. The polymorphic information content values ranged from 0.34 to 0.44. The Jaccard similarity coefficient ranged from 0.04 (M9 and M16) to 0.63 (M17 and M3), indicating substantial genetic variability. The tanglegram analysis comparing genetic and morphological-biochemical dendrograms yielded an entanglement score of 0.714, indicating an alignment between molecular and phenotypic data. These findings show that hawthorn genotypes from the Kelkit Valley exhibit extensive genetic and biochemical diversity, which is critical for conservation efforts, breeding programs, and the development of high-value medicinal and functional food products.
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Characteristics of Raspberry Fruit Growing Naturally in Kelkit Valley, Turkey
(Springer, 2023) Aglar, Erdal; Sumbul, Ahmet; Karakaya, Orhan; Erturk, Omer; Ozturk, Burhan
The study was carried out to determine the pomological, phytochemical and antimicrobial properties of wild raspberry fruit (Rubus idaeus) naturally growing in the Kelkit Valley in Turkey. In the study, the wild raspberry fruit was comparatively smaller. In fruit, soluble solids content (SSC) was determined as 12.6%, titratable acidity as 1.36% and vitamin C concentration as 28.8 mg 100 g(-1). Total phenolics, total flavonoids, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) and ferric ions (Fe+3) reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP) activity values were 1775 mg kg(-1), 151 mg kg(-1), 2580 mu mol kg(-1) and 5187 mu mol kg(-1), respectively. In the study, the solution obtained from raspberries had an antimicrobial effect on bacteria. While it had an antimicrobial effect on Aspergillus niger fungus, it did not have any effect on Candida albicans fungus. The highest antimicrobial activity was achieved against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while the lowest effect was against Enterococcus feacalis bacteria. It was revealed that the raspberry fruit investigated in the study can be used as material for breeding studies due to their rich bioactive compounds and antimicrobial content.
Pomological and Biochemical Properties of Blackberry (Rubus Fruticocus) Genotypes
(Wiley, 2025) Dogan, Hande; Aglar, Erdal; Ozturk, Burhan; Tekin, Onur; Alan, Davut; Sumbul, Ahmet
The aim of this study was to examine the genotypes of wild blackberries growing naturally in Tunceli province in terms of fruit characteristics and to determine the ones with superior characteristics. Nine different genotypes were determined by population screening and 100 fruits were collected from each genotype. The physical properties such as fruit weight, length, width, as well as color, chemical content, and antioxidant properties were examined. Statistically significant differences were found among the genotypes; fruit weight, length, and width varied between 0.71 and 1.19 g, 10.08 and 12.63 mm, and 12.25 and 14.33 mm, respectively. The G9 genotype had the largest fruits, and the G6 genotype had the smallest fruits. In fruit color analyses, significant differences were observed among the genotypes, and the G2 genotype stood out with the highest L* value (20.05), but G9 had the lowest a* value (0.92). Total soluble solids (TSS) content varied between 11.95% in G2 and 21.10% in G7. Vitamin C content was highest in the G6 genotype (54.46 mg 100 g-1), while G9 had the lowest vitamin C content (22.66 mg 100 g-1). Significant differences were also observed among the genotypes in terms of phenolic content, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity. As a result, in this study, significant differences in organic acid contents were determined among wild blackberry genotypes in Tunceli province. The G1 genotype was the richest in malic acid, while the G6 was the genotype with the highest ascorbic acid level. Various differences were also found among the genotypes in terms of oxalic acid, citric acid, and other organic acid contents. These findings may constitute an important resource in determining the commercial production and potential health benefits of wild blackberries. In the selection of blackberry genotypes, consideration of these organic acid contents is important, especially in terms of taste and nutritional value.
Preserving Quality and Extending Shelf Life of Climacteric Persimmon Fruits Using Melatonin and Modified Atmosphere Packaging
(Wiley, 2025) Kucuker, Emine; Gundogdu, Muttalip; Guler, Emrah; Sumbul, Ahmet; Tekin, Onur; Hallac, Bulent
Quality and product losses during the postharvest storage of climacteric persimmon fruits pose significant challenges due to their short shelf life and limited marketing period. This study examined the effects of melatonin (1 mM) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on preserving the quality, biochemical properties, and organic acid contents of persimmons, as well as extending their shelf life during storage at 0 degrees C +/- 0.5 degrees C. The MAP resulted in the lowest weight loss, recording only 6.63%. The combination of melatonin and MAP provided the highest fruit firmness at 8.69 kg/cm2, along with a total antioxidant level of 12.40 mu mol TE 100 g-1. Additionally, this treatment improved total phenolic content and most individual organic acids, except for fumaric acid, which was highest in the MAP treatment. The organic acid contents of the fruits varied during storage, depending on the specific acid. Malic acid was the predominant organic acid and was consistently better preserved by the treatments compared to the control. It is important to note that the reduction in malic acid was approximately 1.5 times less in the treated fruits than in the controls, while the decline of other organic acids was 3-4 times greater. In conclusion, both MAP and the combination of melatonin and MAP were effective methods for preserving the quality attributes and extending the shelf life of persimmon fruits.