Browsing by Author "Tuncturk, Ruveyde"

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Analysis of Nuclear Dna Content and Karyotype of Phaseolus Vulgaris L
(Mdpi, 2023) Kulaz, Haluk; Najafi, Solmaz; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Tuncturk, Murat; Albalawi, Marzough Aziz; Alalawy, Adel I.; Sayyed, R. Z.
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), whose annual production is 26 million tons worldwide, is one of the main sources of protein and is known as one of the most important food sources. In this study, the karyotype variations and the genome size of four common bean genotypes in Turkey were investigated to determine whether the geographic variables in these regions affected the genome size and the karyotype parameters. In addition, it is known that as that the cytological and chromosomal parameters change under the influence of the climatic conditions of each region, appropriate and stable cytological methods for each plant facilitate and enable the determination of the chromosomal structure and the identification of specific chromosomes in the genotypes of the relevant region. Correct and valuable information such as this enables breeders and researchers to determine the correct shape and actual size of chromosomes. The genome size of the genotypes was measured with a flow cytometer, and chromosome analyses were performed with the squash method. For each genotype, the karyotype parameters, such as the number of somatic chromosomes, the Mean Total Chromosome Length (MTCL), the Mean Centromere Index (MCI), and the Mean Arm Ratio (MAR), were measured. The results showed that the highest and the lowest amounts of DNA per nucleus (3.28 pg and 1.49 pg) were observed in the Bitlis and Elazig genotypes. In addition, all genotype chromosome numbers were counted to be 2n = 2x = 22. The Mean Total Chromosome Length varied from 15.65 mu m in Elazig to 34.24 mu m in the Bitlis genotype. The Mean Chromosome Length ranged between 1.42 mu m and 3.11 mu m in the Elazig and Bitlis genotypes. The Hakkari and Van genotypes consist of eleven metacentric chromosomes, while the Bitlis and Elazig genotypes consist of ten metacentric chromosomes and one sub-metacentric chromosome. However, the Mean Centromere Index and Arm Ratio differed considerably among the genotypes. The highest (46.88) and the lowest (43.18) values of the Mean Centromere Index were observed in the Hakkari and Elazig genotypes, respectively. On the other hand, the lowest (1.15) and the highest (1.36) values of the Mean Arm Ratio were obtained in the Bitlis and Elazig genotypes, respectively. Eventually, intraspecies variations in genome size and chromosomal parameters were observed, and it was determined that the changes in nuclear DNA content and different chromosomal parameters among the four Phaseolus genotypes from four different regions of Turkey indicate the effect of climate change in the regions on these parameters. Such information in these areas can be used as useful information for the improvement of this plant and breeding programs.
Biofertilizer Application Enhances Drought Stress Tolerance and Alters the Antioxidant Enzymes in Medicinal Pumpkin (Cucurbita Pepo Convar. Pepo Var. Styriaca)
(Mdpi, 2021) Najafi, Solmaz; Nazari Nasi, Hossein; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Tuncturk, Murat; Sayyed, Riyaz Z.; Amirnia, Reza
The effects of mycorrhiza, Thiobacillus and Nitroxin (Azotobacter and Azospirillum sp.) biofertilizers under drought stress conditions with four levels of field capacity (FC) (control(100%), 85%, 70%, and 50%) on the antioxidant enzyme activities of medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo convar. pepo var. Styriaca) were evaluated during the years 2018-2019. Irrigation levels exhibited significant effects on all studied variables, except for the catalase (CAT) enzyme. A significant correlation was observed between the effects of irrigation levels and biofertilizers on antioxidant enzymes, soluble protein content, and grain yield. The highest activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes was achieved using mycorrhiza in 50% FC. Increasing drought intensity and mycorrhiza stimulated glutathione reductase (GR) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activities by 32% and 66%, while Nitroxin increased them by 16% and 43%, respectively. Under severe drought stress conditions, only mycorrhiza exhibited a positive effect on GR and GPX enzymes. Under moderate and severe drought stress conditions, Nitroxin increased grain yield by 13% and 12.6%, respectively. The irrigation regimes and bio-fertilizers had a significant effect on beta-sitosterol percentage. The highest amount was observed at the highest level of drought stress. Among the various bio-fertilizers treatments, the application of Thiobacillus yielded the highest percentage of beta-sitosterol. The results of the present study demonstrate that the application of biofertilizers is beneficial in coping with drought stress.
Boron Toxicity and Pgpr Phytoremediation Effects on Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Medical Sage (Salvia Officinalis L.)
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2022) Yolci, Muhammed Said; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Eryigit, Tamer; Tuncturk, Murat
In this study, the effects of boron doses (0=control, 5, 10, 20 mM) and some beneficial rhizobacteria (Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megaterium, Frateuria aurentia) on the physiological and biochemical parameters of medicinal sage (Salvia officinalis L.) were investigated. The study was carried out in factorial order in a completely randomized experimental design with four replications in a controlled climate chamber. In the study, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, total carotenoid, total anthocyanin, nitrogen balance index, MDA, relative water in leaf tissues, ion leakage, membrane durability, total phenolic substance, total flavonoid substance, and total antioxidant activity parameters were investigated. Depending on the applied boron doses, increases were observed in total phenolic, total flavonoid, total carotenoid, ion leakage, and MDA values. In contrast, decreases in the nitrogen balance index and membrane durability were observed. It has been determined that PGPR applications effectively reduce the damage of boron by increasing the total anthocyanin, total flavonoid, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll amounts, and
Changes of Micronutrients, Dry Weight and Plant Development in Canola (Brassica Napus L.) Cultivars Under Salt Stress
(Academic Journals, 2011) Tuncturk, Murat; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Yildirim, Bunyamin; Ciftci, Vahdettin
This study was carried out to determine the effects of salt stress on the growth, dry weights and micronutrient contents of canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars grown in greenhouse conditions. 12 canola cultivars (Marinca, Kosa, Spok, Semu DNK207 NA, Tower, Liraspa, Star, Tobin, Helios, Semu 209/81, Regent and Lirawell) were exposed to salinity treatments (150 mM NaCl and control). Shoot, leaf and root dry weights of all the cultivars at 45-day-old plants were determined. Micronutrient contents (Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn) of the leaves, stems and roots were also analyzed. Salinity stress negatively affected the canola cultivars and the extent of effects varied depending on the salt tolerance of the cultivars. Generally, salinity reduced the plant growth and dry weights. Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn concentrations were high in the roots when compared with those in the leaves and shoots in the salt applied samples. It was observed that, micronutrient contents showed some variation in the different plant parts of the canola cultivars as a result of salt applications to the growing media. Iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) content increased in all the plant parts with salt applications except for some cultivars. On the other hand, when mean data of the cultivars were considered, it could be said that zinc (Zn) content of the leaves was not significantly affected by the salt stress.
Chemical Contents of Some Species of Teucrium Genus Distributed in Van Flora
(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ, 2019) Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Tuncturk, Murat; Eryigit, Tamer
Lamiaceae family, including the Teucrium genus, is Turkey's third richest family. Albeit Teucrium's gene center is the Mediterranean Territory, they grow in almost every habitat and altitude of the world. In this study, objective of this study was to determine the nutrient and mineral contents of two species (Teucrium polium L. and Teucrium chamaedrys L. subsp. chamaedrys) belonging to Teucrium genus distributed naturally in Van province in Eastern Anatolia Region. In the plant samples, total ash, crude protein, pH, crude fiber and some mineral including N, Na, Mg, K, Ca, P, S, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr, Cd, Co, Pb contents were observed. When the data obtained were examined, it was determined that the chemical composition differs based on species. Teucrium polium and T. chamaedrys species sustained a content ratio of 1.76-0.77%, 11.0-4.81%, 6.33-5.03%, 6.07-6.07%, and 36.83-37.15% for total nitrogen, protein, pH, total ash, and fiber, respectively. In addition, it was determined that Teucrium species sustained different potassium (7.51-4.34 g kg(-1)), phosphorus (4.41-1.37 g kg(-1)), magnesium (3.57-1.81 g kg(-1)), sulfur (2.22-1.27 g kg(-1)), manganese (34.71-50.78 mg kg(-1)), zinc (28.41-26.22 mg kg(-1)) and iron (255.35-221.22 mg kg(-1)) ratios, respectively. In terms of heavy metal content, the highest values were obtained from T. chamaedrys subsp. chamaedrys.
Chromosome Analysis of Some Phaseolus Vulgaris L. Genotypes in Turkey
(Bangladesh Botanical Soc, 2022) Kulaz, Haluk; Najafi, Solmaz; Tuncturk, Murat; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Yilmaz, Hilal
Karyotypes parameters in four selected Turkish bean genotypes (BT, HK, VN, and EL) were studied. Genotypes (4 levels) and chromosomes (11 levels) were compared in factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with five replications. Genotypes showed significant differences in long arm, short arm and total chromosome length and divided into three separate groups. Genotypes BL and HK were placed together in a separate group, probably showing the weaker kinship with the other genotypes. Also, the significant differences in all recorded parameters were observed among chromosomes of each genotype. All genotypes were diploid 2n = 22 with no satellite and differed significantly in karyotypic parameters. The most and the least chromatin length (34.24 mu m and 15.65 mu m) were observed in BT and EL genotypes, respectively. Also, all genotypes showed high chromosomal symmetry and categorized in Stebbins's Class 1A. The karyotype of genotype BT was found to be more symmetrical than others.
Determination of Some Growth Parameters and Chemical Contents of Glycine Max L. Under Lead Stress Condition
(Hard, 2022) Eryigit, Tamer; Kulaz, Haluk; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Tuncturk, Murat
The aim of the study was to determine the effects of lead on some growth parameters and chemical contents of soybean (Glycine max L.) seedlings. The study was conducted according to the factorial trial in a completely randomized experimental design with six replications. To investigate lead effects on nutrient uptake and metabolism, two soybean varieties were grown under aeroponic conditions and stressed with lead sulphate (PbSO4) at five concentrations in a fully controlled aeroponic climatic cabin. According to the results, Fe, Cu, and Pb contents of the roots and leaves were increased in direct proportions with increasing lead concentrations, and the highest increase was seen in the groups exposed to the highest level of lead. By contrast, total amounts and concentrations of Na in the root, and accumulation of P, Ca, Na, Cd, and Ni in the leaves were reduced. Lead, which was accumulated in a dose-dependent manner in both soybean varieties, reduce the growth of the plant and cause lower uptake of some mineral by plant organs.
Determination of the Content of Antioxidants and the Biochemical Composition of Legume Microgreens
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2022) Altuner, Fevzi; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Oral, Erol; Tuncturk, Murat
This research was conducted in 2021, in a controlled climate room of the Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops. It was set up according to the Completely Randomized Experimental Design. Total antioxidant activity (TAA), total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), total ascorbic acid (TAC), total chlorophyll (TCHL), chlorophyll a (CHLa), chlorophyll b (CHLb) and total carotenoid (CAR) concentrations and their correlations in sainfoin (Lutfibey), alfalfa (Bilensoy), red clover (Dadas) chickpea (Arda), lentils (Sazak), cowpea (Amazon), black chickpea (local), mung bean (local) and maize (Arifiye) were determined. The highest amounts of TAA (4789.373 mg TE g(-1) DM) and TPC (791.770 mg GAE 100 g(-1) DM) were determined in red clover, and the amount of TFC (672.177 mg QE 100 g(-1) DM) was the highest in maize. The TAA content of the other plants was 6- to 8-fold lower than in red clover and maize. The TAC content of the plants, except alfalfa, red clover and maize, was similar. Cowpea had the lowest values in terms of TAA, TPC and TPC. The highest TCHL (36.632 mu g g(-1) TA FW), CHLa (25.247 mu g g(-1) TA FW), CHLb (11.385 mu g g(-1) TA FW) and CAR (7.015 mu g g(-1) TA FW) were found in lentils. Pigment values of lentils are 75-79% higher than those in the closest plant. All pigment values of the mung bean were at the lowest level and 50% lower than in the closest plant. A negative and insignificant correlation was found among TAA, TPC and TFC with TAC, a positive and significant correlation was determined among TFC with TAA and TPC, and a positive and very important correlation was detected between TPC and TAA. A positive and very significant correlation was found between CAR with all pigment properties, between CHLb with TCHL and CHLa, and between CHLa and TCHL.
Determination of the Nutritional and Chemical Composition of Some Edible Wild Plants Used in Herby Cheese
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2020) Eryigit, Tamer; Tuncturk, Murat; Tuncturk, Ruveyde
Same as in many parts of the world, many edible weeds belonging to different families that have not been cultured in Turkey are traditionally used in the making of many foods. In this study, minerals and nutrients of six edible wild plant species belonging to the Liliaceae family, which are currently used in the production of herby cheese in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey, were determined. The determination of these macro-and micro-minerals was performed on ICP-AES and UV-Visible spectrophotometers. As a result of the study, major differences were discovered between these plant species in terms of the mineral content (Na, Mg, K, s, Ca, P, Fr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Co) and nutrient properties (total ash, crude fibre, pH, N, and crude protein). Except for the Allium schoenoprasum species, all plant samples were found to be rich in many important minerals, such as Fe, Cu, Ca, K, Mn, and Zn, which are known to be vital for human health. The concentrations of these minerals and a few heavy metals in plant samples were found in the following ranges: 17.25 -25.47 mg kg(-1) for copper, 18.45 -34.14 mg kg(-1) for zinc, 33.42 -98.42 mg kg-1 for manganese, 0.12 -0.54 mg kg(-1) for chromium, 0.31 -1.61 mg kg(-1) cobalt. Many significant correlations were found among the parameters analysed. The study presents essential results on the availability of some vital minerals that could be useful or harmful to consumers, in order to provide dietary information for designing value-added foods.
Effect of Different Boron Concentrations and Rhizobacteria Applications on Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Purple Basil (Ocimumbasilicum) Plant
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2022) Yolci, Muhammed Said; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Tuncturk, Murat; Eryigit, Tamer
It is known that applications of boron, which is known to play an essential role in nutrient transport by plant membranes, can affect the accumulation and use of other plant nutrients as a regulator or an inhibitor. Thus, in this study, the effects of boron doses (0-control, 5, 10, 20 mM) and some beneficial rhizobacteria (Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megaterium, and Frateuria aurentia) on seedling growth, physiological, and biochemical parameters of purple basil (Ocimum basilicum) were investigated. The study was carried out in as a factorial experi-ment in a completely randomized design with four replications in a controlled climate chamber. In the study, plant root, seedling length, root and seedling fresh-dry weight, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin, flavonol, nitrogen balance index, MDA, relative water in leaf tissues, ion leakage, and membrane stability parameters were investigated. It was observed that all growth parameters were negatively affected by increasing boron doses. In contrast, while ion leakage, total flavonol, carotenoid, anthocyanin, and MDA contents increased, membrane stabil- ity, total chlorophyll content, and nitrogen balance index contents decreased. Rhizobacteria applications were found to be effective in reducing toxic boron damage in root length and seed-ling fresh weight, increasing total chlorophyll, and anthocyanin contents, and decreasing boron toxicity by reducing lipid peroxidation compared to control.
The Effect of Different Sulphur Doses on The Yield and Quality of Rapeseed (Brassica Napus L.)
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2017) Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Tuncturk, Murat
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different sulphur doses (0, 25 and 50 kg ha 1) on the yield and agronomic characteristics of three spring rapeseed cultivars (Gladiator, Licosmos and Jura) in eastern Anatolia, during 2010 and 2011. Field trials were designed according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the experimental fields of Faculty of Agriculture, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey. In the study, plant height (cm), number of branches (branch plant(-1)), number of pod (pod plant-1), number of seed in the pod (seed pod(-1)), thousand-seed weight (g), seed yield (kg ha(-1)), oil content (%), oil yield (kg ha(-1)) and protein content (%) were determined. The effect of sulphur doses on the studied characters was statistically significant. However, statistically significant differences were not observed among different cultivars except plant height, number of branches, number of seed in the pod, seed yield, oil yield and protein content. The highest seed yield (1418.0 kg ha(-1)) and oil content (41.1 %) were obtained using 25 kg ha(-1) sulphur application for cv. Gladiator in second year field experiment.
Effect of Drought Stress and Seaweed Applications on Some Physiological Parameters in Echinacea (Echinacea Purpurea L.)
(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2020) Bat, Mizgin; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Tuncturk, Murat
This study was carried out to determine the effects of seaweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) extract applications (control, 2, 4 and 6 cc/l) and drought stress at the different osmotic pressure (control,-0.5 MPa, -1.0 MPa and -1.5 MPa) generated by PEG 6000 on some physiological parameters in Echinacea. The leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, ion leakage in leaf tissues, malondialdehit level (MDA), relative water content, and membrane endurance index in leaf tissues of echinacea plants were investigated.As a result of the research; leaf area, membrane endurance index and relative water content in leaf tissues decreased under drought stress. It was determined that there was increase in the level of MDA and ion leakage in leaf tissues by the applications. Drought stress did not have any significant effect on the leaf chlorophyll content. It has been determined that seaweed applications had the negative effects on the plant of drought stress. There were positive and increasing effects on the examined parameters such as leaf chlorophyll content and membrane endurance index except for MDA level and ion leakage in leaf tissues of seaweed applications. Seaweed applications did not affect investigated parameters includfing relative water content of leaf tissues and leaf area.
Effect of Salinity Stress on Plant Fresh Weight and Nutrient Composition of Some Canola (Brassica Napus L.) Cultivars
(Academic Journals, 2011) Tuncturk, Murat; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Yildirim, Bunyamin; Ciftci, Vahdettin
Soil salinity is a major limitation to crop production in many areas of the world. A pot experiment was carried out with rapeseed cultivars in order to investigate the effects of salinity stress on plant development and nutrient composition. For the salinity studies, 150 mM NaCl concentration was applied to 12 rapseed cultivars (Marinca, Kosa, Spok, Semu DNK207 NA, Tower, Liraspa, Star, Tobin, Helios, Semu 209/81, Regent and Lirawell) under the greenhouse conditions. All the cultivars were harvested after 45 days from planting. Green plants parts were weighted. Harvested rapeseed plants were separated into root, shoot and leaf parts for nutrient (K+, Na+, K+/Na+, Ca2+ and Cl-) analysis. As shown in this study, salinity stress affected negatively all the canola cultivars investigated. Generally, salinity reduced the green parts' weight. K+, Ca2+ and K+/Na+ contents in plants decreased by salt stress, but Na+ and Cl- content in the roots, shoots and leaves of all the cultivars significantly increased. In the salt treatment, the K+ and Ca2+ concentrations were the highest in the leaf samples as compared to root and shoot samples. Furthermore, the highest concentration of Na+ and Cl- was observed in the leaf and shoot. Under salinity, Regent and Lirawell cultivars retained the highest K+ and Ca2+ content in leaves, with respect to the K+ content. The effect of NaCl treatment on the canola cultivars' growth was not considerable.
Effect of Salt Stress (Nacl) in the Triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) Applied Pretreatment of Gibberellic Acid
(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2019) Altuneri, Fevzi; Oral, Erol; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Baran, Ishak
The research was conducted to determine the properties of gibberellic acid pre-treatments that reducing the negative effects of salt stress on the seeds germination of triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) plant under salt stress. In the study, four different gibberellic acid (0, 100, 200 and 300 ppm) and salt applications at 0, 50, 100 and 200 mM (NaCl) concentrations, a factorial experiment was conducted in completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications, In research, germination power (%), germination rate (%), germination index (%), average germination time (days), sensitivity index (%), root length (cm), stem length (cm), root fresh and dry weight (mg), shoot fresh and dry weight (mg) values were examined. According to the result of the research; when the salt concentrations increase, the germination and growth parameters of triticale were inhibited. It was seen that increasing doses of gibberellic acid pre-treatments have significant and positive effects on the germination and growth parameters of triticale seeds under salt stress. The best germination properties of triticale seeds were obtained from 300 ppm giberellic acid + 0 mM (control) salt combination.
Effect of Silicium on Reducing Salt (Nacl) Stress in Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.)
(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2020) Oral, Erol; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Tuncturk, Murat; Kulaz, Haluk
In this study, the effects of silicon applications (control, 50, 100 and 200 ppm) on some physiological and biochemical parameters in the plant (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown under different salt (NaCl) dose applications (control, 50, 100 and 150 mM) were determined. Parameters such as root and stem length, root and stem age weight, root and stem dry weight, leaf area index, SPAD index, ion leakage in leaf tissues, membrane resistance index in leaf tissues and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were investigated. The results indicated that the effect of salt stress on all parameters examined was found statistically significant. It was determined that salt stress conditions caused ion leakage in leaf tissues and decreased in all parameters except MDA. The effect of silicon applications on all other parameters except for relative water content in leaf tissues, ion leakage in leaf tissues and membrane resistance index in leaf tissues was found statistically significant (p <0.05 and p <0.01).
Effects of Heavy Metal (Pb) Stress on Some Growth Parameters and Chemical Changes in the Soybean Plant (Glycine Max L.)
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2021) Kulaz, Haluk; Eryigit, Tamer; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Tuncturk, Murat
Heavy metals are very important abiotic stress factors that can induce different response mechanisms in plant bodies. These response mechanisms include modifying membrane compositions, generating small molecules and free radicals, and altering antioxidant enzyme activities. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of lead (Pb), an important heavy metal, on some growth parameters and some important enzyme levels. This study was launched to determine the effects of lead (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 mg L-1) on soybean (Glycine max L.) growth parameters and biochemical responses in a fully controlled aeroponic climate chamber. Growth and biochemical enzyme activity parameters of soybean plants changed under heavy metal stress. The lead content of soybeans increased with high concentrations of the metal in the environment. Lead stress negatively affected plant growth, photosynthetic activity, and chlorophyll content. The negative effect of the heavy metal was greater with increasing Pb doses. Lead application significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activities. In addition, more malondialdehyde (MDA), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and proline were observed in plants experiencing lead stress compared to control plants. In this study, conditions of tolerance of this species to lead were determined and enzyme activity values were determined.
Effects of Lead Doses on the Mineral Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Fenugreek (Trigonella Foenum-Graecum L.)
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2022) Tuncturk, Murat; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Oral, Erol; Nohutcu, Lutfi
Heavy metals are a very important abiotic stress factors that can induce different response mechanisms in plants. These response mechanisms include modifying membrane compositions, generating small molecules and free radicals, and altering antioxidant enzyme activities. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of lead (Pb), an important heavy metal, on some growth parameters, enzymes, and the content of macro- and micro-nutrients. This study was launched to determine the effects of lead (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 mg L-1) on fenugreek's (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) growth parameters and biochemical responses in a fully controlled aeroponic climate chamber. Growth, biochemical enzyme activities and the content of macro- and micro-nutrients of fenugreek plans changed under heavy metal stress. In the study, a decrease occurred in parameters such as the plant height (cm), root length (cm), root and stem fresh weight (g), leaf weight (g) and leaf number (number). There were increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes. There was a decrease in the content of minerals (Ca, K, Mg, Na, Cu, Ni, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cr, Ni, Se and Cd) in leaves, stem and root parts of fenugreek plants. In this study, lead tolerance conditions, the plant content of macro- and micro-nutrients and enzyme activity values of this plant were determined.
The Effects of Nitrogen and Sulphur Fertilizers on The Yield and Quality of Fenugreek (Trigonella Foenum-Graecum L.)
(Soc Field Crop Sci, 2011) Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Celen, A. Esen; Tuncturk, Murat
This study was conducted to determine the effects of nitrogen and sulphur applications on the yield and quality of fenugreek in Van, Turkey in 2006 and 2007 growing seasons. Field trials were designed in Completely Randomized Block Design with three replications at the experimental fields of Agricultural Faculty of Yuzuncu Yil University. In the study, plant height (cm), the number of branches (branch plant(-1)), first pod height (cm), the number of pods (pod plant(-1)), the number of seeds in the pod (seed pod(-1)), pod length (cm), thousand-seed weight (g), seed yield (kg ha(-1)), protein content (%) and protein yield (kg ha(-1)) were determined. The all growth and yield parameters except for thousand seed weight were significantly affected by nitrogen fertilization. All the parameters except for the number of branches, pod length and thousand seed weight were affected by sulphur fertilization.The highest seed yields (853.0 and 815 kg ha(-1)) were obtained from 90 kg N ha(-1) and 20 kg S ha(-1) applications in 2006 and 2007, respectively. The highest protein content (24.2 %) was obtained from 90 kg N ha(-1) and 40 kg S ha(-1) applications in both experimental years.
Effects of Rhizobacteria and Algal Species on Physiological and Biochemical Parameters in Calendula Officinalis L. Under Different Irrigation Regimes
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2022) Selem, Ezelhan; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Nohutcu, Lutfi; Tuncturk, Murat
Drought is one of the main limiting factors affecting the growth and productivity of plants. Drought stress affects plant growth in different ways through a series of anatomical, morphological, physiological and biochemical changes. Therefore, it is important to develop alternative methods to protect plants against drought stress. Turkey has one the most unique cultivated areas of different medicinal and aromatic plants including Calendula officinalis. Despite its considerable importance and use as a medicinal plant, its commercial production is very limited. In this study, the effects of different rhizobacteria and algal species treatments (B-0 - control, B-1 - Azospirillum lipoferum, B-2 - Bacillus megaterium, B-3 - Chlorella saccharophila) on several physiological and biochemical parameters in C. officinalis were studied under irrigation regimes - normal irrigation (K-1), 50% irrigation (K-2) and 25% irrigation (K-3). The results showed that the application of different rhizobacterial and algal species had positive effects by reducing the limited irrigation stress. Also, the range of different physiological and biochemical parameters values, including leaf relative water content (RWC), ion leakage in leaf tissues (ILLT), membrane endurance index (MEI), chlorophyll content, nitrogen balance index, MDA, total antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and total amount of flavonoids were determined as 61.8-77.2%, 29.2-42.8%, 57.2-68.9%, 26.8-38.2 mu g cm(-2), 110.6-158.0 mg g(-1), 0.276-573.0 nmol g(-1), 19.92-55.92 Mmol TE g(-1), 27.37-68.75 mg GAE g(-1) and 9.49-17.88 mg QE 100 g(-1), respectively. The results revealed that C. officinalis could be commercially cultivated as a drought-resistant plant species in arid and semi-arid regions of Turkey.
Effects of Salt Stress on Some Growth Parameters and Biochemical Changes in Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.)
(Univ Life Sciences Lublin, 2022) Cirka, Mustafa; Tuncturk, Ruveyde; Kulaz, Haluk; Tuncturk, Murat
Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that affect plant cell metabolism and reduce plant productivity. In the study, some growth and biochemical characteristics of two different types of dwarf and lantern beans were investigated. The study was carried out in an aeroponic environment in a fully controlled climate room with 6 repetitions according to a completely randomized experimental design. In the experiment where two bean types (dwarf and pole types) were used as material, four different salt doses (0, 25, 50, 100 mM NaCl) were used for the salt stress conditions desired to be created. In the study, root length, seedling length, seedling fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weights, and leaf area were measured as some growth parameters, while MDA, APX, CAT, SOD activities, and proline and chlorophyll content were observed as biochemical parameters.For both genotypes, salinity induced a marked reduction in growth parameters. In parallel with the aggravation of salinity stress conditions, an increase in MDA, SOD, and proline content occurred. In the other investigated biochemical enzyme activities (APX and CAT), there was an increase up to a certain dose compared to the control and a decrease in the subsequent doses. Additionally, it has been determined that chlorophyll content is stable until the third dose but a significant decrease started after the fourth salt application. These results show that there has been a significant increase in enzymatic defense systems to reduce the effects of salt-induced stress in beans, and it has been observed that dwarf and pole bean types show close responses to salt stress.