Browsing by Author "Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 32

Antioxidant Potential of Ulexite in Zebrafish Brain: Assessment of Oxidative Dna Damage, Apoptosis, and Response of Antioxidant Defense System
(Springernature, 2021) Alak, Gonca; Ucar, Arzu; Parlak, Veysel; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Atamanalp, Muhammed; Turkez, Hasan
In recent years, because of its significant biological roles, the usage of boron has been started in animal feeding. In this research, it was aimed to investigate the ulexite's action mechanism on the zebrafish brain with an evaluation of the oxidative parameters. The adult zebrafish were exposed to four ulexite doses (5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/l) in a static test apparatus for 96 h. For assessing the oxidative responses, multiple biochemical analyses were performed in brain tissues. The results indicated the supporting potential of low ulexite doses on the antioxidant system (< 40 mg/l) and that low-dose ulexite does not lead to oxidative stress in the zebrafish brain. Again, our results showed that low ulexite concentrations did not cause DNA damage or apoptosis. As a final result, in aquatic environments, ulexite (a boron compound) can be used in a safe manner, but it would be useful at higher concentrations to consider the damages of the cells that are probable to develop because of the oxidative stress
Antioxidant Responses and Dna Damage in Primary Hepatocytes of Van Fish (Alburnus Tarichi, Guldenstadt 1814) Exposed To Nonylphenol or Octylphenol
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Oguz, Ahmet Regaib
Alkylphenols, a nonionic surface-active agent group, such as nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP) are important endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC). In this study, the dose- and time-dependent effects of NP and OP were investigated in the primary hepatocyte culture of Van Fish. In this study, samples were taken at different times and biochemical parameters were studied separately. The effects of the chemicals used on SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, MDA, and 8-OHdG were investigated in hepatocyte culture. The antioxidants SOD and CAT were observed to increase in all groups in the primary hepatocyte cultures at the 24th hour after NP and OP administration, whereas the GSH-Px level was observed to increase with OP at the 24th hour and with NP at the 48th hour. The MDA level was observed to reach its highest value for both chemicals in the 24th hour, and the 8-OHdG level was observed to increase toward the end of the follow-up time, compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, different doses of NP and OP were found to induce an increase in the levels of antioxidants and the MDA level in Van Fish primary hepatocyte culture. DNA damage, on the other hand, may be considered to appear after longer-term exposure to NP and OP.
Assessment of Apoptosis and Dna Damage in Alburnus Tarichi Exposed To the Toxicity of the Fungicide Azole
(Pleiades Publishing inc, 2024) Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir
Few studies have investigated the joint toxicity mechanism of azole fungicides at different exposure times and relevant environmental concentrations. Fungicides can be found in higher concentrations than other agricultural chemicals in the whole environment due to their wide range of use and repetitive use. One of these fungicides, tebuconazole, acts as a chemical disrupting the synthesis of ergosterol found in the cell membranes of fungi and protozoa. It is aimed to investigate the effects of this mechanism of action on other living things exposed to tebuconazole in nature. In the study, 2.5 mg/L concentration of tebuconazole was applied to Van fish as a model organism, and sampling was performed at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The liver and gill tissues of the sampled fish were taken, and the change of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, malonedialdehyde, 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine, and caspase-3 biomarkers were investigated. The results determined that the levels of antioxidant enzymes decreased with the increase of the exposure time to tebuconazole, and the levels of L-lipid peroxidation, 8-OHdG, and caspase-3 increased (P < 0.05). This study determined with different biomarkers that this fungicide caused oxidative stress in the tissues examined.
Borax Alleviates Copper-Induced Renal Injury Via Inhibiting the Dna Damage and Apoptosis in Rainbow Trout
(Springernature, 2019) Alak, Gonca; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Ucar, Arzu; Parlak, Veysel; Turkez, Hasan; Atamanalp, Muhammed
The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic potential of borax against copper in the kidney tissue of the rainbow trout fed with added borax (BX) (1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg) and/or copper (Cu) (500,1000 mg/kg) contents. For this purpose, two treatment groups had designed, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities were determined. Besides, oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2 '-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG), caspase-3, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assessed in kidneys of all treatment groups. In molecular pathway, hsp70, CYP1A, and antioxidant gene expression levels were determined. In the results of the analysis, antioxidant enzyme activity and gene expression were increased; 8-OHdG, caspase-3, and MDA levels were decreased in groups fed with borax supplemented feeds compared to the copper-treated group. The alterations among the groups were found as significant (p < 0.05). CYP1A and hsp70 gene expressions were upregulated in copper and copper combined groups (p < 0.05). The findings of present research showed that borax had alleviative effect on copper-induced toxicity and could be used as an antidote in fish nutrition.
The Changes in the Levels of Elements in Sheep With Contagious Ecthyma
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2018) Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Karapinar, Zeynep; Mis, Leyla
This study has aimed to investigate the differences between the levels of trace elements in sheep with the diagnosis of ecthyma, and in healthy sheep. For this purpose, Be, Bi, Pb, Cd, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Ni and Mn, Co, Cr, Li elements in the plasma of sheep with Contagious ecthyma detected with PCR and in sheep in the control group were analyzed with ICP-OES. In this study, the levels of Fe, Cu, Zn, Se and Pb trace elements were found to be statistically different between the sheep infected with parapoxvirus. The Na ele ment of the macro elements was observed to be statistically different in sheep with ecthyma, to the control group(P<0.05). When there are low levels of metal concentration in sheep with ecthyma, their immune system can be considered to be weakened. Further studies can be carried out on the increase in the risk of developing the disease as a result of, in particular, a decrease in the Fe, Cu, Zn and Se concentrations in sheep infected with the virus.
Determination of Fipronil Toxicity by Different Biomarkers in Gill and Liver Tissue of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)
(Springer, 2020) Ucar, Arzu; Parlak, Veysel; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Alak, Gonca; Atamanalp, Muhammed
Insecticides that disrupt the healthy functioning of the ecosystem have toxic potential on non-target organisms. Fish, an important component of the aquatic ecosystem, are exposed to these pesticides in different ways. The stress response is regarded as an adaptive mechanism that allows the fish to cope with the perceived stressor to maintain its normal or homeostatic state. This mechanism is determined by antioxidant parameters and oxidative stress indicators measured in gill and liver tissue of rainbow trout. Accordingly, the effects of fipronil (FP) insecticide on the physiology of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were determined with using the different biomarkers (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), malondialdehyde (MDA), paraoxonase (PON), arylesterase (ARE), myeloperoxidase (MPO), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)), and caspase 3 activity) in this study. Different doses of FP inhibited antioxidant enzyme activities in rainbow trout liver and gill tissues while inducing oxidative stress parameter (MDA, MPO, and 8-OHdG) levels. Also, caspase-3 activity was increased in liver and gill tissue, but this increase was statistically significant only in gill tissue (p < 0.05). When the results of the study were taken into consideration, it was concluded that different doses of FP insecticide caused physiological changes in rainbow trout and the studied parameters were usable biomarkers in explaining the adaptive response of stress factor.
Effect of Fish Feed Prepared With Trout Organs and Van Fish on the Growth Performance of Rainbow Trout
(Ege Univ, 2017) Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Yeltekin, Ahmet F.
In this study, it was aimed to evaluate more efficiently Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) internal organs not consumed by humans and Van fish (Alburnus tarichi, Guldenstadt 1814), which have low economic value. Easy digestible feed for Rainbow trout were prepared that is low cost and similar to natural food. The wastes were processed in an easy way with the semi-wet feed construction method and the product was stored. The chemical analyzes of the prepared feeds were made. Protein, fat, ash, yeast, mold and Mesophilic Aerobic Bacteria values of the feeds were compared. Results of live weight gain and economic analysis obtained from the study; It has been shown that semi-aged feeds made with Van fish and trout internals can be used in feeding Rainbow trout and will reduce feed costs.
The Effect of N-Acetylcysteine Supplementation on the Oxidative Stress Levels, Apoptosis, Dna Damage, and Hematopoietic Effect in Pesticide-Exposed Fish Blood
(Wiley, 2019) Ucar, Arzu; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Parlak, Veysel; Alak, Gonca; Keles, Mevlut Sait; Atamanalp, Muhammed
Cysteine is important for protein synthesis, detoxification, and diverse metabolic functions. However, cysteine metabolism has been poorly described in fish, and the role of the therapeutic effect in pesticide toxicology on aquatic organisms is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of regular cysteine treatment on the hematology, biochemistry, apoptosis, oxidative DNA damage, and antioxidant parameters in fish blood after chemical application. Therefore, fish were exposed to cypermethrin for 2 weeks. Then two different concentrations of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) were applied for a 4-day treatment period and compared with the group of the self-healing process. At the end of the treatment, the hematological index, blood biochemical parameters, paraoxonase (PON), arylesterase (ARE), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities in the fish blood samples were investigated. With regard to the hematological parameters, statistical differences were obtained except for mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (P < 0.05). Enzyme activities (ARE, PON, and MPO), as well as some biochemical parameters (creatinin [Cre], alanine amino transferase, total glyceride, alkaline phosphatase, iron, calcium, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol [LDL-C], sodium, and potassium), were found to be importantly different among all groups at the P < 0.05 level, while 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and caspase-3 levels were determined to be high in the pesticide group but decreased significantly in NAC-treated groups (P < 0.05). According to the results of the study, acute cysteine treatment showed an ameliorative effect on the hematological index, biochemical parameters, PON, MPO, and ARE in the blood in the all the treatment group fish. The positive effect of NAC on protein synthesis, detoxification, and diverse metabolic functions against cypermethrin toxicity was more effective in 1.0mM NAC. NAC has an important therapeutic effect on pesticide-induced hematoxicity for fish in terms of all the data.
Effect of Seasonal Changes on Antioxidant Vitamins (A, E, C) and Mda in Levels of the Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss Walbaum, 1792) Grown in Van City, Catak District
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2015) Yoruk, Ibrahim Hakki; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Demir, Halit
The present study was aimed to determine the seasonal changes of malondialdehyde (MDA), vitamin retinol (vitamin A), alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) levels. For this purpose, fishes were collected in the second week of the second month in each four seasons. Fishes were fed with the same food for one year. Fishes were selected from the same pool. Statistically significant differences were found between the levels of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C and MDA (p<0.0001) levels. Consequently, it was determined that the levels of vitamin (A, E, C) showed significant differences between seasons and there was a marked increase in the vitamin levels especially in the winter season. The present study is the first study in this region. More studies are required to clarify the results.
Evaluation of Cholinergic Enzymes and Selected Biochemical Parameters in the Serum of Patients With a Diagnosis of Acute Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
(de Gruyter Poland Sp Z O O, 2023) Aycan, Abdurrahman; Tas, Abdurrahim; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; El-Tekreti, Sama Amer Abbas; Arslan, Ayse; Arslan, Mustafa; Aycan, Nur
Background: Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is the most severe form of hemorrhagic stroke and accounts for 5-7% of all strokes. Several chemical enzymes and cytokines are thought to cause reactions that may affect the mortality and morbidity of SAH patients. This study aimed to examine the possible relationships between these parameters and the occurrence of SAH and the clinical-radiological parameters in patients with acute SAH. Methods: This study evaluated 44 patients, including 20 with SAH and 24 controls. We obtained blood from the patients and control groups, which was stored in heparinized tubes and used in determining tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), caspase-3, and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. Results: TNF-alpha, BDNF, AChE, and BChE enzyme levels were not related to the Glasgow Coma scale (GCS) score in the patient group (p > 0.05), whereas higher enzyme levels of caspase-3 were associated with lower GCS scores (p < 0.05). The difference between the control and patient groups in terms of mean TNF-alpha levels was statistically significant (p < 0.01). The BDNF levels were statistically insignificant in the patient groups (p > 0.05). Caspase-3, AChE, and BChE levels were significantly different between the control and patient groups (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Our results may be valuable for predicting the prognosis, diagnosis, and follow-up of patients with SAH. However, further studies are required to elucidate the relationship between the clinical and radiological results in patients with SAH and certain enzymes, cytokines, and growth factors.
Has Pdcu@go Effect on Oxidant/Antioxidant Balance? Using Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae as a Model
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2023) Ucar, Arzu; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Kokturk, Mine; Calimli, Mehmet Harbi; Nas, Mehmet Salih; Parlak, Veysel; Atamanalp, Muhammed
Industrial products containing PdCu@GO can gain access to the aquaculture environment, causing dangerous effects on living biota. In this study, the developmental toxicity of zebrafish treated with different concentrations (50, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 mu g/L) of PdCu@GO was investigated. The findings showed that PdCu@GO administration decreased the hatchability and survival rate, caused dose-dependent cardiac malformation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis were also inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, with acetylcho-linesterase (AChE) activity affected by nano-Pd exposure. As evidence for oxidative stress, malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and glutathione (GSH) level decreased due to the increase in PdCu@GO concentration. Our research, it was determined that the oxidative stress stimulated by the increase in the concentration of PdCu@GO in zebrafish caused apoptosis (Caspase-3) and DNA damage (8-OHdG). Stimulation of ROS, inflammatory cytokines, tumor Necrosis Factor Alfa (TNF-alpha) and interleukin - 6 (IL-6), which act as signaling molecules to trigger proin-flammatory cytokine production, induced zebrafish immunotoxicity. However, it was determined that the in-crease of ROS induced teratogenicity through the induction of nuclear factor erythroid 2 level (Nrf-2), NF-icB and apoptotic signaling pathways triggered by oxidative stress. Taken together with the research findings, the study contributed to a comprehensive assessment of the toxicological profile of PdCu@GO by investigating the effects on zebrafish embryonic development and potential molecular mechanisms.
Hemato-Biochemical Responses of Van Fish (Alburnus Tarichi Guldenstadt, 1814) During Sublethal Exposure To Cypermethrin
(Taylor & Francis inc, 2018) Ozok, Necati; Oguz, Ahmet R.; Kankaya, Ertugrul; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir
Cypermethrin is a highly active type II pyrethroid that is widely used to control harmful insects. The present study was conducted to investigate the possible effects of the sublethal concentration of cypermethrin (0.05L/L) on the biometric, hematological, and biochemical parameters of Van fish (Alburnus tarichi Guldenstadt 1814) for 24, 48, 72, and 96h. Behavioral and physiological changes were observed in the fish treated with cypermethrin. Hematological parameters revealed a significant decrease in the erythrocyte (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (Hct) values (p .05). Serum enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (AST, EC 2.6.1.1), alanine aminotransferase (ALT, EC 2.6.1.2), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, EC 1.1.1.27) activities and serum cortisol level were significantly increased (p .05). The results showed that changes in the biometric, biochemical, and hematological values of the Van fish exposed to cypermethrin can be used as biomarkers for monitoring toxicity.
Hematological and Hepatic Effects of Ulexite in Zebrafish
(Elsevier, 2020) Alak, Gonca; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Parlak, Veysel; Ucar, Arzu; Caglar, Ozge; Atamanalp, Muhammed
The ulexite (UX), a borate mineral, is used as boron source and commonly used in various industrial processes. The hematological and hepatic effects of UX were investigated by exposing adult zebrafish to UX (5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L) over 96 hours. The blood and liver tissues were taken at the end of the trial period then micronucleus (MN) rates, oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG), apoptosis (Caspase-3), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione pemxidase (GPx), myelopemxidase (MPO), paraoxonase (PON), arylesterase (AR) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) levels were determined. Genotoxic damage by UX occurred only at 40 mg/L in the blood MN assay. Oxidative stress, oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis in liver also occurred at this dose. Moreover, 5-20 mg/L doses led to decreases of DNA damage and apoptosis levels via promoting antioxidant system in liver tissues. UX exhibits beneficial roles on blood and liver tissues of zebrafish at relatively lower doses, which may be relevant to nutritional and medicinal industries.
Hematotoxic, Oxidative and Genotoxic Damage in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) After Exposure To 3-Benzoylpyridine
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Parlak, Veysel; Ozgeris, Bunyamin; Ucar, Arzu; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Caglar, Ozge; Atamanalp, Muhammed
Pyridine is a basic heterocyclic organic compound. The pyridine ring is present in many important compounds, including agricultural chemicals, medicines and vitamins. Due to their widespread industrial use, bioaccumulation and non-target toxic effects are being considered as a great risk to human and environmental health. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the hematological, oxidative and genotoxic damage potentials by different concentrations (1, 1.5, and 2 g/L) of the ketone 3-Benzoylpyridine (3BP) on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Alterations in the biomarker levels of oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2 '-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)), apoptosis (Caspase-3), malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), myeloperoxidase (MPO), paraoxonase (PON), and arylesterase (AR) were assessed in brain, liver, gill and blood tissues. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was also determined in brain tissue. In addition, we analyzed micronucleus (MN) rates and hematological indices of total erythrocyte count (RBC), total leukocyte count (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), total platelet count (PLT), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), and mean cell volume (MCV) in blood. LC50-96h value of 3BP was calculated as 5.2 g/L from the data obtained. A significant decrease in brain AChE activity was determined in clear time and dose dependent manners. While SOD, CAT, GPx, PON, and AR levels were decreased, MDA, MPO, 8-OHdG and Caspase-3 levels were increased in all tissues (p < 0.05). Again, the 3BP led to increases of MN formation at all applied concentrations in the rates of between 45.4 and 72.7%. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found out in between all studied hematology parameters between 3BP-exposed and the control fish. In conclusion, ours study firstly indicated that the treatment doses of 3BP induced distinct hematological and oxidative alterations as well as genotoxic damage in rainbow trout.
Investigation of 8-Ohdg, Cyp1a, Hsp70 and Transcriptional Analyses of Antioxidant Defence System in Liver Tissues of Rainbow Trout Exposed To Eprinomectin (Vol 65, Pg 136, 2017)
(Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018) Alak, Gonca; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Tas, Ismail Hakki; Ucar, Arzu; Parlak, Veysel; Topal, Ahmet; Atamanalp, Muhammed
Magnetic Nanoparticles-Induced Neurotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Brain of Rainbow Trout: Mitigation by Ulexite Through Modulation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Activities
(Elsevier, 2022) Ucar, Arzu; Parlak, Veysel; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Arslan, Mehmet Enes; Alak, Gonca; Atamanalp, Muhammed
The prevalent exposition of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) to the aquatic medium and their negative influence on human life is one of the major concerns global. Stress mechanization, as a non-specific and pervasive response, involves all physiological systems, particularly the closely interconnected neuroendocrine and immune systems. In this study, which was designed to obtain more data on the biological effects of ulexit, which prevents oxidative DNA damage by protecting against toxicity damage and offers new antioxidant roles. The concomitant use of ulexite (UX, as 18.75 mg/l) as a natural therapeutic agent against exposure to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4-MNPs/0.013 ml/l) on Oncorhynchus mykiss was investigated for 96 h. The brain tissues were taken at the 48th and 96th hours of the trial period, the effects on neurotoxic, pro-inflammatory cytokine genes, antioxidant immune system, DNA and apoptosis mechanisms were analyzed. In the present study, it was determined that AChE activity and BDNF level in the brain tissue decreased over time in the Fe3O4-MNPs group compared to the control, and UX tried to depress this inhibition. While inhibition was determined in antioxidant system biomarkers (SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH values), an induction was observed in lipid peroxidation indicators (MDA and MPO values) in Fe3O4-MNPs applied group. The same group data showed that TNF-alpha, IL-6, 8-OHdG and caspase-3 levels were increased, but Nrf-2 levels were decreased. The alterations in all biomarkers were found to be significant at the p < 0.05 level. In general, it was determined that Fe3O4-MNPs caused stress in O. mykiss and UX exhibited a positive effect on this stress management.
May Pdcu@f-Mwcnt Nps Be an Ecotoxicologic Risk
(Wiley, 2023) Alak, Gonca; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Kokturk, Mine; Nas, Mehmet Salih; Parlak, Veysel; Calimli, Mehmet Harbi; Atamanalp, Muhammed
The mechanisms of various metal nanoparticles (NPs) are still a matter of debate in aquatic toxicology. In order to close this gap, the number of studies on this subject is increasing. The aims of this study are to explore the interactions of PdCu@f-MWCNT NPs with zebrafish and get to know if it has an ecotoxicological risk. In this study, we synthesized, characterized PdCu@f-MWCNT NPs, and investigated its ecotoxicological effects. The chemical and morphological structures of PdCu@f-MWCNT nanomaterials were elucidated with advanced analysis techniques such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray spectrophotometer (EDX), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The ecotoxicological risks were investigated by conducting biochemical analyses and malformation defects in zebrafish. The results were obtained using multiple marker applications including oxidative stress parameters, proinflammatory cytokine expressions, DNA damage, and apoptosis markers. The obtained findings showed embryonic development, survival rate, and incidence of malformation increasing in parallel with the dose increase in zebrafish exposed to PdCu@f-MWCNT NPs at 10-1000 mu g/L levels. Despite the observed decreases in antioxidant enzyme activities, GSH level, AChE activity, and NRF-2 level, inductions in malondialdehyde (MDA) level, IL-6, TNF-alpha, NF-kB, DNA damage, and apoptosis levels were observed with increasing dose. Considering these findings, it has been determined that there are toxic effects in zebrafish at all levels above the concentration that we examine as a safe dose (10 mu g/L). The effects of all studied concentrations of this NP above the safe dosage, especially on oxidative stress, malformation, and immune system, were found to be quite significant. The more widespread use of nanotechnology in the future will mean more contact of aquatic organisms with NPs. As a result, it is clearly seen that these organisms, which form the important link of the food chain, and the aquatic environment are living at risk conditions.
Mitigating Roles by Ulexite Against Acetyleferrocene-Induced Hematotoxicity, Hepatotoxicity, Genotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Oncorhynchus Mykiss
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Ucar, Arzu; Parlak, Veysel; Caglar, Ozge; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Turkez, Hasan; Atamanalp, Muhammed
Acetyl ferrocene (AFC) is being used commonly in several industrial applications and scientific diciplines. Hence, in this study we aimed to determine the LC50 value of AFC, and evaluate the toxicity potential by AFC exposure on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) for 96 h. We also focused to investigate whether UX conferred a protection against AFC-induced toxic insults in fish. For this purpose, some stress related endpoints were measured in blood and liver tissues in a multibiomarker approach. The exposure to AFC observed inhibition/induction of hematological parameters by AFC was slowed down after co-application with UX and AFC. However, UX was found to be ineffective for minimising AFC-induced micronucleus formation after 96 h. Moreover, it was determined that supplementation with UX exhibited activity in favour of antioxidants and inhibited MDA / MPO levels. Again, time-dependent inhibition of Nrf-2 levels, stimulation of IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels by AFC were ameliorated after co-application with UX. Ultimately, administration with UX suppressed the accumulation of 8-OHdG adducts and caspase-3 levels as compared to only AFC treatment. In a conclusion UX exerted significant protection potency against AFC-induced hematotoxic, oxidative, genotoxic and cytotoxic damages, hence could be a new source of natural protective agents in environment.
Modulatory Role Ulexit Against Thiamethoxam-Induced Hematotoxicity/ Hepatotoxicity Oxidative Stress and Immunotoxicity in Oncorhynchus Mykiss
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2024) Ucar, Arzu; Gunay, Ayse; Parlak, Veysel; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Turkez, Hasan; Atamanalp, Muhammed
Contamination of the aquatic environment with different insecticides is a major concern in the aquatic ecosystem today. For this reason, in the designed study, Thiamethoxam (TMX) for which there is limited information on its negative effects on Oncorhynchus mykiss was investigated, its effects on hematotoxicity, oxidative status, cytotoxicity, DNA damage and apoptotic status indicators in blood/liver tissue. However, the antitoxic potential of ulexite (UX) supplementation in the elimination of TMX-mediated toxicity has been determined. LC50-96h value determined for TMX 0.73 mg/L has been determined. As a result of hematology profile, TMX application, RBC, Hgb and Hct values showed a temporal decrease compared to the control group, while increases were determined in MCV, MCH and MCHC values. It was determined that the inhibition/induction of hematological parameters was slowed down by adding UX to the medium. During the trial (48th and 96th hours), it was noted that TMX induced cortisol level, while UX supplementation slowed this induction at 48th hour. Antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly inhibited by TMX application, and MDA and MPO values increased as a result of the stimulation of ROS. It was determined that UX added to the medium showed activity in favor of antioxidants and tried to inhibit MDA and MPO levels. When Nrf-2, one of the inflammation parameters, was compared with the administration and control groups, it was determined that it inhibited depending on time, TNF-alpha, IL-6, DNA damage and apoptosis were induced, and UX suppressed this situation. The results obtained were evaluated as statistically meaningful. Briefly, it was determined that TMX induced oxidative damage in all tissues at 48th -96th hours, whereas UX mitigated this situation. The results provide possible in vivo evidence that UX supplements can reduce TMX-mediated oxidative stress and tissues damage in O. mykiss blood and liver tissues.
Neuroprotective Effects of Dietary Borax in the Brain Tissue of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Exposed To Copper-Induced Toxicity
(Springer, 2018) Alak, Gonca; Ucar, Arzu; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Comakli, Selim; Parlak, Veysel; Tas, Ismail Hakki; Turkez, Hasan
We aimed to investigate the modulating effects of dietary borax on the pathways in rainbow trout brain exposed to copper. For this aim, a comprehensive assessment was performed including biochemical (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and caspase-3 levels) and transcriptional parameters (heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and cytochromes P450 (CYP1A), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), superoxide dismutase (sod), and catalase (cat)) parameters and immunohistochemically staining of 8-OHdG. Special fish feed diets were prepared for the trial. These diets contained different concentrations of borax (1.25, 2.5, and 5mg/kg) and/or copper (500 and 1000mg/kg) at the period of pre- and co-treatment strategies for 21days. At the end of the treatment periods, brain tissue was sampled for each experimental group. As a result, the biochemical parameters were increased and AChE activity decreased in the copper and copper-combined groups in comparison with the control group and also with only borax applications (p<0.05). We observed an increase or decrease in particular biochemical parameters for the borax group in every application and we established that borax had protective effect against copper toxicity by decreasing and/or increasing the relevant biochemical parameters in brain tissue of fish. The biochemical results of borax and its combinations corresponded to the observations of gene expression data, which similarly concluded that HSP70 and CYP1A genes were strongly induced by copper (p<0.05). In addition, the expression levels of the sod, cat, and gpx genes in the fish brains exposed to borax and the borax combination groups were significantly higher than the only copper-treated groups. In conclusion, borax supplementation provided significant protection against copper-induced neurotoxicity in trout.