Browsing by Author "Yigitkan, Serkan"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

7-Acetoxyhorminone From Salvia Multicaulis Vahl. as Promising Inhibitor of 3-Hydroxy Coenzyme a (hmg-Coa) Reductase
(Mdpi, 2022) Yigitkan, Serkan; Ertas, Abdulselam; Salmas, Ramin Ekhteiari; Firat, Mehmet; Orhan, Ilkay Erdogan
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase is a key enzyme involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and one of the most important targets for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. A limited number of studies on the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory potential of natural products are available. Thus, in the current study, we aimed to test the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory capacity of extracts from the roots and aerial parts of Salvia multicaulis Vahl., through activity-guided isolation. Our findings revealed that the root extract prepared with dichloromethane-acetone (1:1) showed the highest inhibition (71.97 +/- 0.37%) at 100 mu g/mL. The extract was then initially fractionated by column chromatography and the obtained fractions were monitored by thin layer chromatography. Fractions which were similar to each other were combined and a total of 15 fractions were obtained. Further conventional chromatographic studies were carried out on the active fractions. Based on these fractions, 10 known compounds, comprising 9 terpenes and 1 steroid derivative in total, were isolated and their structures were verified by a combination of IT-TOF-MS, and 1D and 2D NMR techniques. According to the enzyme inhibition data of the identified compounds, 7-acetoxyhorminone exerted the highest inhibition (84.15 +/- 0.10%, IC50 = 63.6 +/- 1.21 mu g/mL). The molecular docking experiments on 7-acetoxyhorminone and horminone indicated that both compounds strongly bind to the active site of the enzyme.
Analysis of Thymus Fedtschenkoi Var. Handelii (Ronniger), a Natural Provider of Ursolic and Oleanolic Acids With Significant Pharmaceutical Value
(Springer, 2025) Yigitkan, Serkan; Yener, Ismail; Akdeniz, Mehmet; Kaya, Eda Cavus; Yilmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Celik, Ferhat; Ertas, Abdulselam
The increasing interest in Thymus species is due to their rich phytochemical content and traditional medicinal uses. Thymus fedtschenkoi var. handelii, an endemic and rarely investigated plant, has been studied only for its essential oil. This study aimed to investigate the chemical and biological properties of the essential oil (EO) and ethanol extract (EE) of T. fedtschenkoi var. handelii. The phenolic content of the species was evaluated using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/FID was used to analyze the chemical structure of triterpenoids, EO and aroma. Moreover, the cytotoxic and antioxidant properties as well as the suppression of tyrosinase, Hmg-CoA reductase, elastase, urease, angiotensin, and collagenase enzymes were investigated. Linalool (33.92%) and thymol (11.02%) in the EO and alpha-pinene (17.06%) and eucalyptol (16.20%) in the aroma were determined to be high. The species' root and aerial component EE shown strong antioxidant activity, particularly in the ABTS, DPPH, and CUPRAC techniques. In the enzyme inhibition studies, the aerial parts and root EE showed high urease enzyme activity (80.84 +/- 2.31% and 45.01 +/- 0.24 at 100 mu g/mL, respectively). Based on LC-MS/MS and GC-MS data, it was determined that the root of the species contained notably high concentrations of rosmarinic acid (9308.04 mu g analyte/g extract), while the aerial parts contained quinic (5453.32), malic (2326.19), ursolic (145866.04), betulinic (13296.75) and oleanolic (42465.91) acids. Rich in secondary metabolites like linalool, rosmarinic acid, oleanolic acid, and ursolic acid, and exhibiting notable antioxidant and urease enzyme inhibition capacities, the species holds promise as a source of economically valuable compounds for diverse industries.
Comprehensive Study of Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Thymus Pubescens Boiss. Et Kotschy Ex Celak
(Elsevier, 2022) Yigitkan, Serkan; Akdeniz, Mehmet; Yener, Ismail; Seker, Zeki; Yilmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Firat, Mehmet; Orhan, Ilkay Erdogan
The use of Thymus species amongst the public and their importance in the scientific world is increasing day by day. In addition to being consumed as tea and spice, Thymus species are used as folk medicine for respiratory, digestive, skin, circulatory, genital, nervous, visual and urinary diseases. In this study, it was aimed to examine the essential oil and ethanol extract of the root and aerial parts of Thymus pubescens Boiss. et Kotschy ex Celak in the terms of their biological activity and chemical content. The phenolic content of the species was determined by LC-MS/MS, while triterpenoid content, the chemical composition of the essential oil as well as flavour was determined by GC-MS. In addition, their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, as well as acetyl- (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), urease, tyrosinase, elastase, collagenase, HMG-CoA reductase and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities were studied. Thymol (53.33%) was determined as the major component in the essential oil, while b-fenchyl alcohol (43.87%) was determined as the major component of the flavour. According to the LC-MS/MS and GC-MS results, it was found that especially the aerial parts of the species have a high amount of rosmarinic acid (3875.76 mg analyte/g extract), quinic acid (2392.55), naringenin (970.39), oleanolic (92785.96) and ursolic (63373.32) acids. The essential oil of T. pubescens species was observed to show high activity in four antioxidant assays, e.g. inhibition of lipid peroxidation, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity as well as CUPRAC, while the ethanol extracts showed moderate antioxidant activity. In enzyme inhibition assays, the aerial parts exerted marked BChE, elastase, and collagenase inhibitory activities (92.43 +/- 1.28%, 42.59 +/- 0.56, and 48.61 +/- 0.39 at 100 mg/mL, respectively). On the other hand, AChE, urease, tyrosinase, HMG-CoA reductase and ACE inhibitory activities of all extracts were from low to moderate levels. In particular, the aerial parts of the species displayed a high cytotoxic effect (vitality%: 6.82 +/- 0.01 at 200 mg/mL) in breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line. Due to its remarkable antioxidant capacity, high content of rosmarinic, oleanolic, and ursolic acids and especially BChE, elastase, and collagenase inhibitory activity, T. pubescens has the potential for using in food supplements, food preservatives, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries.(c) 2022 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A Comprehensive Study on Chemical and Biological Investigation of Thymus Brachychilus Jalas: A Rich Source of Ursolic and Oleanolic Acids
(Taylor & Francis inc, 2024) Akdeniz, Mehmet; Yigitkan, Serkan; Yilmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Yener, Ismail; Varhan Oral, Elif; Firat, Mehmet; Ertas, Abdulselam
The significance of Thymus species in the scientific community is growing steadily due to their extensive utilization in traditional medicine, food industry, and pharmaceutical sector, owing to their abundance in essential oil and phytochemical content, rendering them commercially significant species. The current work focuses on conducting a comprehensive analysis of the ethanol extract and essential oil derived from the root and aerial portions of Thymus brachychilus Jalas, an endemic species that has not been previously investigated. Additionally, a novel GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) technique was developed to quantify the levels of triterpenoids, which are frequently found in many plants, particularly those belonging to the Lamiaceae family. The approach was then used to assess the triterpenoid content of the species. While the phenolic content of the species was determined by LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry), the chemical composition of triterpenoid, essential oil and flavor (aroma) of the plant was determined by GC-MS. Eucalyptol was the primary ingredient in both the essential oil and the flavor, accounting for 11.05% and 12.35%, respectively. In the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging techniques, the root ethanol extract exhibited the greatest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 26.70 +/- 0.23 and 19.16 +/- 0.11 mu g/mL, respectively. There was a high level of urease (59.54 +/- 1.67% at 100 mu g/mL) inhibitory activity observed in the root ethanol extract in enzyme inhibition assays, as well as angiotensin (94.80 +/- 0.56%), elastase (40.19 +/- 0.39%), and collagenase (48.26 +/- 0.12%) inhibition in the aerial ethanol extract. Moreover, the MCF-7 cell line for breast cancer had a strong cytotoxic impact when exposed to the essential oil of the species (vitality%: 1.45 +/- 0.01 at 200 mu g/mL. The LC-MS/MS and GC-MS studies revealed that the roots had a significant concentration of rosmarinic acid (15,801 mu g analyte/g extract), but the aerial portions had a substantial quantity of ursolic acid (152,374 mu g analyte/g extract). The plant exhibits potential in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical sectors on account of its elevated levels of rosmarinic and ursolic acid, superior antioxidant capacity, and angiotensin and urease inhibitory effect.
Determination of Essential Oil and Biological Activities of Hypericum Ternatum Poulter and H. Scabrum L. Species Collected From Different Localities: Is H. Scabrum an Alternative To Multifunctional Species St John's Wort (H. Perforatum)
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Akdeniz, Mehmet; Yener, Ismail; Irtegun Kandemir, Sevgi; Ozhan Kocakaya, Safak; Firat, Mehmet; Yigitkan, Serkan; Kolak, Ufuk
The importance of Hypericum L. species, being used in traditional medicine, in the scientific world is increasing day by day. Hypericum species are plants that have been used in the treatment of many diseases for a long time and have healing properties. In the current study, the essential oil compositions of Hypericum scabrum L. and H. ternatum Poulter collected from different localities in Turkey were determined by GC-MS/FID. In addition, their antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities with their enzyme inhibitory potentials (cholinesterase, urease, tyrosinase, elastase, and collagenase) were investigated. Also, in vitro and in silico studies of the major components of the species have been carried out on the studied enzymes. It was determined that four H. scabrum samples mainly contained alpha-pinene (55.99%-62.80%) while three H. ternatum samples contained 2-methyloctane (9.45%-22.39%) and alpha-pinene (12.75%-33.08%). While H. scabrum essential oils possessed significant biological activity potential except for the antimicrobial activity, H. ternatum samples did not. All essential oil samples of H. scabrum exhibited a high cytotoxic effect (IC50 21.67 +/- 0.34 to 34.67 +/- 0 .45 mu g/mL) against colon cancer cell line (HT-29) and indicated higher acetyl-(Inhibiton% 83.30 +/- 1.90 to 93.08 +/- 1.04) and butyryl-cholinesterase (Inhibiton% 80.58 +/- 1.19 to 93.28 +/- 1.99) inhibitory activity than the standard compound, galantamine. Furthermore, all samples of H. scabrum showed high tyrosinase (Inhibiton% 69.00 +/- 1.64 to 95.25 +/- 1.42) and elastase (Inhibiton% 27.58 +/- 0.34 to 36.69 +/- 0.18) inhibitory effects. These biological activity results indicated that H. scabrum essential oil could be used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
Lc-ms/Ms Analysis and Biological Activities of Different Parts of Ziziphora Capitata L
(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2024) Yigitkan, Serkan; Cavusoglu, Mehmet; Caglayan, Mehmet Veysi; Yener, Ismail; Firat, Mehmet; Cavus Kaya, Eda; Ertas, Abdulselam
The Ziziphora species, classified under the Lamiaceae family, have a strong aromatic property. Ziziphora species have been used in folk medicine as sedative, gastric, aphrodisiac, bloating, and degassing. In the current study, the phenolic and flavanoid content of ethanol extracts of Ziziphora capitata L. species of flower, leaf, branch, mixed, and root parts was determined by the LC-MS/MS device. In addition, the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the extracts, as well as their inhibitory effects on enzymes (antihypertensive, AchE (acetylcholinesterase), BchE ( butyrylcholinesterase), elastase, tyrosinase, collagenase and urease), were determined. The LC-MS/MS results showed that quinic acid (25578, 5842, 25171, 14055, 10597 mu g g-1, respectively) was found in higher amounts in flower, leaf, branch, mixed, and root extracts of Z. capitata species compared to other components. Additionally, rosmarinic acid (17097 mu g g-1), cynaroside (8432), and hesperidin (8067) were found to be major components. It was observed that the flower extract of the species exhibited strong antioxidant activity (IC50: 37.18 +/- 1.36 mu g mL-1, 9.89 +/- 0.45, A0.5:16.27 +/- 0.02, respectively) in DPPH, ABTS and CUPRAC methods. It was concluded that the leaf extract of Z. capitata species had a strong cytotoxic effect on HT-29 (colon cancer cell line) (viability %: 9.26 +/- 0.69). It was observed that the root part of the species exhibited higher activity in butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzyme inhibition activity (inhibition %: 40.56 +/- 0.88) than other parts. It was determined that Z. capitata extracts did not show acetylcholinesterase, urease, tyrosinase, elastase, collagenase, and antihypertensive enzyme activity or showed low activity. As a result, it is thought that the flower extract of the Z. capitata species has better results in terms of the examined parameters, whereas the leaf extract needs to be subjected to more detailed in vitro and in vivo research conducted to be used in the pharmaceutical industry as a result of its cytotoxic effect against colon cancer cell lines.
Nanoparticle Formation Capacity and Acaricidal Effect (Hyalomma Marginatum) of Essential Oil of Thymbra Spicata L. Subsp. Spicata L
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Kaya, Eda Cavus; Akdeniz, Mehmet; Ugurlu, Pelin; Yigitkan, Serkan; Toksoy, Mahmut Ozan; Firat, Mehmet; Ertas, Abdulselam
The essential oil profile of Thymbra spicata L. subsp. spicata L. (Lamiaceae) was analyzed in this study using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Additionally, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, along with inhibition activities for acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, urease, tyrosinase, elastase, collagenase, and angiotensin-converting enzymes, were assessed. Additionally, the acaricidal effects of the essential oil with strong antioxidant properties from T. spicata subsp. spicata, as well as the AgNO3 nanoparticles synthesized using this oil, were evaluated on Hyalomma marginatum nymphs. The main compounds present in the essential oil was identified as carvacrol (71.19%). The species exhibited remarkably high antioxidant activity, particularly in the ABTS cation radical scavenging activity and CUPRAC copper reducing capacity assays, with IC50 and A0.5 values of 1.80 +/- 0.053 and 1.30 +/- 0.12 mu g/mL, respectively. Additionally, the sample exhibited significantly high acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition activities, with inhibition rates of 76.09 +/- 1.63% and 97.94 +/- 0.71%, respectively. It was also determined that the essential oil had moderate antimicrobial activity against the bacteria, and MIC values varied between 312 mu g/mL and 1250 mu g/mL. At the end of 24 hours, The LC50 values of essenttial oil and silver nanoparticles were determined to be 18.48 and 36.30 mu g/mL, respectively. The results of this study indicate that T. spicata may find application in dietary supplements due to its high carvacrol content and strong antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and acaricidal activities.
Phytochemical Fingerprints and Bioactivities of Ripe Disseminules (fruit-Seeds) of Seventeen Gundelia (kenger-Kereng Dikeni) Species From Anatolia With Chemometric Approach
(Wiley-v C H verlag Gmbh, 2021) Ertas, Abdulselam; Firat, Mehmet; Yener, Ismail; Akdeniz, Mehmet; Yigitkan, Serkan; Bakir, Derya; Kolak, Ufuk
Gundelia species are known as "Kenger-kereng dikeni" in Anatolia, and their aerial parts are consumed as food. Also, roots and seeds (disseminules) of the Gundelia species are used to prepare gum and coffee. The chemical contents of ethanol and hexane extracts of disseminules of 17 Gundelia species, 13 of them are endemic, were studied using LC/MS/MS and GC/MS. Additionally, their antioxidant potential and enzyme inhibitory capacity against acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase, urease, and tyrosinase were determined. The unsaturated fatty acid ratios of Gundelia species were higher than their saturated fatty acid ratio. The highest sum of oleic and linoleic acid was detected in G. tournefortii var. tenuisecta (70.42 %). beta-Sitosterol, alpha-amyrin, 3-acetyllupeol were identified in 17 Gundelia species by GC/MS, while chlorogenic acid and luteolin by LC/MS/MS as major compounds. The ethanol and hexane extracts of G. siirtica, G. rosea, and G. mesopotamica indicated good cholinesterase inhibitory activity. Among all species, ethanol extract of G. colemerikensis exhibited the best activity in ABTS (IC50: 32.30 +/- 0.98 mu g/mL), DPPH (IC50: 59.91 +/- 0.89 mu g/mL), and CUPRAC (A(0.5): 57.41 +/- 1.03 mu g/mL) assays. Ethanol extract of G. colemerikensis also displayed the highest inhibitory activity against butyrylcholinesterase (51.14 +/- 0.25% at 200 mu g/mL), urease (51.71 +/- 1.75% at 200 mu g/mL), and tyrosinase (39.50 +/- 0.85% at 200 mu g/mL) enzymes. According to the chemometric analysis of fatty acids, four groups were observed. Therefore, it is suggested that G. colemerikensis can be used in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries due to its antioxidant and enzyme inhibition properties.