Browsing by Author "Yilmaz, Hakan"

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Investigation of Nutrition and Disease Conditions With Molecular Bacteria Analysis in a Dental Calculus Sample From 1900s
(Nobel Ilac, 2022) Guducuoglu, Huseyin; Yilmaz, Hakan; Tunc, Serap Keskin; Erdogan, Sabahattin; Ercek, Mikail
Objective: Tepekoy Hoyuk salvage excavations were carried out in the village of Tepekoy, near Mus province and Varto district. Although samples were taken from the historical dental calculus in four skulls from this region, only one individual could be analyzed for DNA, and accordingly, the physiological characteristics and diseases related to the bacteria that this individual was exposed to could be predicted. Material and Method: It was observed that the subject of the study died between the ages of 20-35, had a height between 151-162 cm, and had mild bone osteophytes in his vertebrae. The dental calculus sample of the individual was collected on clean aluminum foil. It was then transferred to a sterile screw tube, UV irradiation was used for the sample decontamination, the bleach process was used for the cleaning and decontamination of the outer surface (4% bleach, sodium hypochlorite, NaCIO), allowed to air dry in a sterile container (petri dish) for up to five minutes, sample powder after reconstitution, it was poured into a sterile screw-cap tube. Isolation was performed on the MagPurix (Zinexts, Taiwan) device using the MagPurix Bacterial DNA Extraction Kit. Accordingly, DNA was obtained in only one of the four samples brought for study. Oxford Nanopore Technology (England) was used for 16S r-RNA isolation and Nanopore Sequence Analysis. Then, bacterial analysis was done up to the genus level with bioinformatics analysis. Results: Bacteria were classified from phlyum level to genus level and the following bacteria took the first place in these classes. At the phylum level; Firmicutes 52.74%, class level; Clostridia 31.55%, order level; Clostridiales 31.55%, family level; Ruminococcaceae 24.29%, at the genus level; Ralstonia 21.48% took the first place. Conclusion: The physiological characteristics and diseases of this individual were linked by the bacteria obtained, and it was predicted that this person was obese, prone to diabetes and especially fed with grains as a diet.
Muş/Varto Tepeköy Höyüğü Tunç Çağları
(Istanbul Univ, 2021) Çiftçi, Yunus; Biber, Hanifi; Ayaz, Gulan; Erdogan, Sabahattın; Ercek, Mikail; Yilmaz, Hakan
Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi, dağlık bir bölge oluşu ya da iklimsel elverişsizliğine rağmen\rönemli bir güzergâh veya önemli bir mesken konumunda olmuştur. Tarih öncesi\rçağlardan beri sürekli yerleşim görmüş, çoğu büyük kültürün, krallığın ve devletin\rodak noktası olmayı başarmıştır. Özellikle Kalkolitik Çağ sonlarında başladığı düşünülen\rbüyük göçler ve bunun devamında gelen kültürler bölgeyi anayurtları gibi kullanmaya\rdevam etmiştir. Aynı şekilde Muş Bölgesi içinde geçerli olan bu göç dalgaları sadece\ryüzey araştırmaları ile belirlenirken, Tepeköy Höyük kazıları ile bu veriler belgelenmiştir.\rTepeköy, Muş Bölgesinde yapılan tabakalı ilk höyük kazısı olması açısından önemlidir.\rHöyükte yapılan kazılar sonucu; Orta Çağ, Demir Çağ ve Tunç Çağı tabakalarına\rulaşılmıştır. Özellikle Erken Tunç Çağı (ETÇ) ve Orta Tunç Çağı (OTÇ) kültürlerinin çok\riyi izlenebildiği yerleşimde hem mimari hem de buluntular açısından zengin özellikler\rgörülebilmektedir. Demir Çağlarının Erken ve Orta Demir (Urartu) Dönemleri’ne ait\rveriler sunması açısından da oldukça önemli bir höyüktür. Erken Transkafkasya Kültürü\rile başlayan ve günümüze kadar sürekli kullanılan höyük hem Muş Bölgesi hem de\rDoğu Anadolu Bölgesi tarihi için çok önemli veriler sağlamaktadır. Tabakalanması,\rmimari öğeleri ve diğer buluntu grupları ile birlikte birçok soruya cevap vermektedir.
Paleopathological Analysis of the Adult Human Remains From the Kalecik (Urartu) Populations
(Turk Tarih Kurumu, 2011) Yilmaz, Hakan
In this study, the diseases that occur in the skeletons of the adults people in Kalecik have been studied. The disease, which occurs most frequently in the people of Kalecik, is the degenerations in the joints. Other diseases in the society are cribra orbitalia, porotic hyperostosis, periostitis, osteomyelitis, calcaneus spur and traumas. When the lesions, found in the skeletons of the people of Kalecik, are evaluated regarding the gender, the similar ratios have been found in the occurrence frequency of lesions in the women and men. However, the trauma origin lesions have only been seen in the women. It has been observed that the lesions, found in the adult people of Kalecik, were the pathologic lesions which generally the environmental factors were efficient.
Squatting Facet: a Case Study Dilkaya and Van-Kalesi Populations in Eastern Turkey
(Collegium Antropologicum, 2010) Baykara, Ismail; Yilmaz, Hakan; Gultekin, Timur; Gulec, Erksin
Anomalies of the skeleton provide information on living conditions, cultural structure and health problems in ancient societies. Squatting facet is a kind of anomaly that forms on the surfaces where the tibia and talus articulate is the squatting facet states the daily activities and living style of the society. The aim of this study is to learn the daily activities of the medieval societies in the Van region through studying of squatting facets. In this study, adult skeletons from Dilkaya and Van Kalesi-Eski Van Sehri societies dating to the Medieval Age were investigated (65 tibia and 82 tali from Dilkaya, 61 tibia and 52 tali from Van Kalesi-Eski Van Sehri). The lateral squatting facet had high ratios in both societies. The tibia lateral squatting facet found on females and males of Dilkaya was 97.2% and 96.9%, respectively, and on females and males of Van kalesi Eski Van Sehri was 87.5% and 89.2 %, respectively. The talus lateral squatting facet found on females and males of Dilkaya was 72.1% and 51.3%, respectively, and on females and males of Van kalesi Eski Van,Sehri was 91.2% and 83.7%, respectively. The results provide an opportunity to study the relationship between past and modern population, and also describe the daily activity of life and cultural structure.